scholarly journals Molecular Characteristics of Rhizobia Isolated from Arachis hypogaea Grown under Stress Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6259
Author(s):  
Rabia Khalid ◽  
Xiao Xia Zhang ◽  
Rifat Hayat ◽  
Mukhtar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Nifh Gene ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Stress Environment ◽  
Rhizobial Isolates

The phenotypic and genotypic characterization of eight rhizobial isolates obtained from Arachis hypogaea nodules grown under stress environment was performed. Isolates were screened for their ability to tolerate different abiotic stresses (high temperature (60° C), salinity (1–5% (w/v) NaCl), and pH (1–12). The genomic analysis of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes (atpD, recA, and glnII) demonstrated that native groundnut rhizobia from these stress soils are representatives of fast growers and phylogenetically related to Rhizobium sp. The phenotypic characterization (generation time, carbon source utilization) also revealed the isolates as fast-growing rhizobia. All the isolates can tolerate NaCl up to 3% and were able to grow between 20 and 37 °C with a pH between 5 to 10, indicating that the isolates were alkali and salt-tolerant. The tested isolates effectively utilize mono and disaccharides as carbon source. Out of eight, three rhizobial isolates (BN-20, BN-23, and BN-50) were able to nodulate their host plant, exhibiting their potential to be used as native groundnut rhizobial inoculum. The plant growth promoting characterization of all isolates revealed their effectiveness to solubilize inorganic phosphate (56–290 µg mL−1), synthesize indole acetic acid (IAA) (24–71 µg mL−1), and amplification of nitrogen fixing nifH gene, exploring their ability to be used as groundnut biofertilizer to enhance yield and N2-fixation for the resource poor farmers of rainfed Pothwar region.

scholarly journals Characterization of TGFβ-Associated Molecular Features and Drug Responses in Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaofeng Zhang ◽  
Furong Liu ◽  
Lu Qin ◽  
Zhibin Liao ◽  
Jia Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Abstract Background: Gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma (GIAD) has caused a serious disease burden globally. Targeted therapy for the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is becoming a reality. However, the molecular characterization of TGF-β in GIAD requires further exploration.Results: The TGF-β­­high group had a worse prognosis in overall GIAD patients, and had a worse prognosis trend in gastric cancer and colon cancer specifically. Signatures (including mRNA and proteins) of the TGF-β­­high group is highly correlated with EMT. According to miRNA analysis, miR-215-3p, miR-378a-5p, and miR-194-3p may block the effect of TGF-β. Further genomic analysis showed that TGF-β­­low group had more genomic changes in gastric cancer, such as TP53 mutation, EGFR amplification, and SMAD4 deletion. And drug response dataset revealed sensitive drugs or drug resistant drugs corresponding to TGF-β associated mRNAs. Finally, the DNN model showed an excellent predictive effect in predicting TGF-β status in different GIAD datasets.Conclusions: Our study provided a comprehensive analysis of the molecular characteristics associated with TGF-β and provides possible therapeutic targets in GIAD.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomic Analysis and Phenotypic Characterization of Bronchoscope-Associated Klebsiella aerogenes

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-412
Author(s):  
FANG HUANG ◽  
SHUANG LI ◽  
LAN LOU ◽  
JUNJUN MO ◽  
HAO XU
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Klebsiella Aerogenes ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Level Resistance

Bronchoscopes have been linked to outbreaks of nosocomial infections. The phenotypic and genomic profiles of bronchoscope-associated Klebsiella aerogenes isolates are largely unknown. In this work, a total of 358 isolates and 13 isolates were recovered from samples after clinical procedures and samples after decontamination procedures, respectively, over the five months. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing found seven K. aerogenes isolates exhibiting a low-level resistance to antimicrobial agents. Among seven K. aerogenes isolates, we found five sequence types (STs) clustered into three main clades. Collectively, this study described for the first time the phenotypic and genomic characteristics of bronchoscope-associated K. aerogenes.

scholarly journals Early Dissemination of Circulating Tumor Cells: Biological and Clinical Insights

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Chemi ◽  
Sumitra Mohan ◽  
Tatiana Guevara ◽  
Alexandra Clipson ◽  
Dominic G. Rothwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Molecular Profiling ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Disease Relapse ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
The Impact

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a causal role in the development of metastasis, the major cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. In the past decade, the development of powerful cellular and molecular technologies has led to a better understanding of the molecular characteristics and timing of dissemination of CTCs during cancer progression. For instance, genotypic and phenotypic characterization of CTCs, at the single cell level, has shown that CTCs are heterogenous, disseminate early and could represent only a minor subpopulation of the primary tumor responsible for disease relapse. While the impact of molecular profiling of CTCs has not yet been translated to the clinic, CTC enumeration has been widely used as a prognostic biomarker to monitor treatment response and to predict disease relapse. However, previous studies have revealed a major challenge: the low abundance of CTCs in the bloodstream of patients with cancer, especially in early stage disease where the identification and characterization of subsequently “lethal” cells has potentially the greatest clinical relevance. The CTC field is rapidly evolving with development of new technologies to improve the sensitivity of CTC detection, enumeration, isolation, and molecular profiling. Here we examine the technical and analytical validity of CTC technologies, we summarize current data on the biology of CTCs that disseminate early and review CTC-based clinical applications.

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of Xanthomonas species pathogenic of wheat in Uruguay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Clavijo ◽  
Rebecca D. Curland ◽  
Valentina Croce ◽  
María Inés Lapaz ◽  
Ruth Dill-Macky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
In Planta ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Xanthomonas Species ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Species Specific

Bacterial diseases affecting wheat production in Uruguay are an issue of growing concern yet remain largely uninvestigated in the region. Surveys of 61 wheat fields carried out from 2017 to 2019 yielded a regional collection of 63 strains identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis as Xanthomonas spp. A real-time PCR protocol using species-specific primers previously reported allowed the identification of 44 strains as X. translucens, the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak (BLS) in wheat and other cereal crops. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of four housekeeping genes (dnaK, fyuA, gyrB, and rpoD) revealed that these strains were most closely related to X. translucens pv. undulosa, the pathovar that is most commonly associated with BLS of wheat. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was applied to examine the genetic diversity among X. translucens strains. Strains were assigned to four different sequence types, three of which have been previously reported globally. Additionally, 17 Xanthomonas strains not belonging to X. translucens were obtained from diseased wheat leaves. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these strains are closely related to Xanthomonas prunicola, and clustered together with previously uncharacterized Xanthomonas strains isolated from wheat in Minnesota, US. In planta pathogenicity assays carried out on a BLS susceptible wheat cultivar showed that X. translucens pv. undulosa strains caused brown necrosis symptoms typical of BLS, while non-translucens Xanthomonas sp. strains elicited an atypical symptom of dry necrosis. These findings suggest that local wheat fields are affected by X. translucens pv. undulosa, and by a new wheat pathogen within the Xanthomonas genus.

scholarly journals The Mangotoxin Biosynthetic Operon (mbo) Is Specifically Distributed within Pseudomonas syringae Genomospecies 1 and Was Acquired Only Once during Evolution

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 756-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor J. Carrión ◽  
José A. Gutiérrez-Barranquero ◽  
Eva Arrebola ◽  
Leire Bardaji ◽  
Juan C. Codina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Genomic Location ◽  
High Sequence Conservation ◽  
Dna Fragment

ABSTRACTMangotoxin production was first described inPseudomonas syringaepv. syringae strains. A phenotypic characterization of 94P. syringaestrains was carried out to determine the genetic evolution of the mangotoxin biosynthetic operon (mbo). We designed a PCR primer pair specific for thembooperon to examine its distribution within theP. syringaecomplex. These primers amplified a 692-bp DNA fragment from 52 mangotoxin-producing strains and from 7 non-mangotoxin-producing strains that harbor thembooperon, whereas 35 non-mangotoxin-producing strains did not yield any amplification. This, together with the analysis of draft genomes, allowed the identification of thembooperon in five pathovars (pathovars aptata, avellanae, japonica, pisi, and syringae), all of which belong to genomospecies 1, suggesting a limited distribution of thembogenes in theP. syringaecomplex. Phylogenetic analyses using partial sequences from housekeeping genes differentiated three groups within genomospecies 1. All of the strains containing thembooperon clustered in groups I and II, whereas those lacking the operon clustered in group III; however, the relative branching order of these three groups is dependent on the genes used to construct the phylogeny. Thembooperon maintains synteny and is inserted in the same genomic location, with high sequence conservation around the insertion point, for all the strains in groups I and II. These data support the idea that thembooperon was acquired horizontally and only once by the ancestor of groups I and II from genomospecies 1 within theP. syringaecomplex.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

Comprehensive phenotypic characterization of ABCB4 deficient mice reveals systemic effects of spontaneous biliary fibrosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hochrath ◽  
S Hillebrandt ◽  
F Lammert ◽  
B Rathkolb ◽  
H Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Deficient Mice
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