scholarly journals Analysis of Potential Shift to Low-Carbon Urban Travel Modes: A Computational Framework Based on High-Resolution Smartphone Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5901
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Bagheri ◽  
Miloš N. Mladenović ◽  
Iisakki Kosonen ◽  
Jukka K. Nurminen
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Active Travel ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Longitudinal Data Collection

Given the necessity to understand the modal shift potentials at the level of individual travel times, emissions, and physically active travel distances, there is a need for accurately computing such potentials from disaggregated data collection. Despite significant development in data collection technology, especially by utilizing smartphones, there are limited efforts in developing useful computational frameworks for this purpose. First, development of a computational framework requires longitudinal data collection of revealed travel behavior of individuals. Second, such a computational framework should enable scalable analysis of time-relevant low-carbon travel alternatives in the target region. To this end, this research presents an open-source computational framework, developed to explore the potential for shifting from private car to lower-carbon travel alternatives. In comparison to previous development, our computational framework estimates and illustrates the changes in travel time in relation to the potential reductions in emission and increases in physically active travel, as well as daily weather conditions. The potential usefulness of the framework was evaluated using long-term travel data of around a hundred travelers within the Helsinki Metropolitan Region, Finland. The case study outcomes also suggest that in several cases traveling by public transport or bike would not increase travel time compared to the observed car travel. Based on the case study results, we discuss potentially acceptable travel times for mode shift, and usefulness of the computational framework for decisions regarding transition to sustainable urban mobility systems. Finally, we discuss limitations and lessons learned for data collection and further development of similar computational frameworks.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN MODAL SOSIAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS BAITUL MAAL HIDAYATULLAH SURABAYA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Nur Halimah ◽  
Irham Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Study Strategy ◽  
Explanatory Analysis ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Study Results

This study aimed to describe and analyze the role of social capital, as seen from the interrelation of networks, norms, and beliefs in improving the welfare of the community under the indicators of Maqashid Syariah. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Besides, this study has an analysis unit in the form of social capital and improvement of the welfare of the community who received scholarship assistance from Baitul Maal Hidayatullah of Surabaya. Also, data collection was carried out by interview and direct observation of the research object. The analysis technique utilized in this study was an explanatory analysis technique by explaining the results of interviews and direct observation. The study results reveal that social capital with norms, networks, and trust indicators play a role in improving the welfare of the community seen from the aspects of Maqashid Syariah.Keywords: Social capital, Welfare, and Maqashid Syariah

scholarly journals Organizational and infrastructural solutions in creating competitive advantage of sustainable urban transport – Gdańsk case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Grażyna Chaberek-Karwacka
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Actual Travel Time

Abstract The paper presents conclusions of the survey conducted in Gdańsk in October 2017. The study aimed to compare travel times between the largest residential districts in Gdańsk and the area of the business-academic center. The research was aimed at showing time losses on the commuting trips and their organizational and infrastructural causes, which lead to the extension of the actual travel time. Based on the identified time losses and their causes, recommendations regarding further organizational and investment work were presented to improve the competitiveness of public urban transport and bicycles in relation to the cars.

scholarly journals Consequences of Transport Low-Carbon Transitions and the Carbon, Land and Water Footprints of Different Fuel Options in The Netherlands

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie Gerbens-Leenes ◽  
Karlieke Holtz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Study Results

Transport greenhouse gas emissions are mainly caused by the use of fossil fuels, e.g., gasoline and diesel. This case study for The Netherlands calculates how alternative fuels, e.g., electricity, hydrogen or biofuels, contribute to policy aims to decarbonize transport. Alternative fuels, produced in various ways, have different carbon (CF), land (LFs) and water footprints (WFs). This study assesses CFs, LFs and WFs for fuels (kgCO2e/m2/m3 per GJ), showing differences among fuels dependent on primary energy sources. It calculates CFs, LFs and WFs for four scenarios with different fuels. The biofuel scenario is not attractive. CFs slightly decrease, while LFs and WFs increase enormously. The electricity scenario has small CFs and the smallest LFs and WFs, but this is only when using wind or solar energy. If storage is needed and hydrogen is produced using wind energy, CFs double from 3055 to 7074 kg CO2e, LFs increase from 15 × 106 to 43 × 106 m2 and WFs from 3 × 106 to 37 × 106 m3 compared to the electricity scenario. The case study shows that wise fuel choices contribute to policy aims to decarbonize transport, although LFs and WFs are also important to consider. These case study results are relevant for sustainable transportation transitions worldwide.

scholarly journals Diferenças no contexto de trabalho de professores e tutores na educação a distância:

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-521
Author(s):  
Camila Bruning ◽  
Luciana Godri ◽  
André Luis Marra do Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Educación A Distancia ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Estudio De Caso

Resumo: O estudo de caso que aqui se apresenta investigou a situação de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho de professores e tutores que atuam em educação à distância no curso de graduação em administração pública de uma universidade federal e como este contexto se relaciona com aspectos da subjetividade destes profissionais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de um instrumento quantitativo de coleta de dados denominado de Inventário de Trabalho e Riscos de Adoecimento - ITRA (MENDES, 2007), cujos dados foram analisados estatisticamente. Verificou-se que tutores se mostram mais descontentes em relação ao trabalho no curso de educação a distância investigado. De modo geral, os tutores demonstraram estar mais insatisfeitos que os professores em relação à fiscalização de seu desempenho, falta de autonomia, falta de espaço para criatividade, além de demonstrarem sentir mais esgotamento, medo e insegurança se comparados com os professores. Palavras-chave: Contexto de trabalho na educação à distância, diagnóstico de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho, Inventário de Trabalho e Riscos de Adoecimento - ITRA. Abstract: The case study here presented investigates the situation of pleasure and suffering in the work of teachers and tutors who work in distance education at a undergraduate course of public administration of a Brazilian federal university and how this context relates to aspects of these professionals subjectivity. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a quantitative instrument for data collection called Inventory of work and risks of illness, created by Mendes (2007). The study results shows that tutors are more unhappy about work than professor in the case investigated. Generally speaking tutors demonstrated to be more dissatisfied than professors regarding the supervision of their performance, the lack of autonomy on their day to day activities, the lack of space to be creative. Tutors also repot more exhaustion, fear and insecurity compared with professors. Keywords: Work environment in distance education, diagnosis of pleasure and suffering at work, Inventory of work and risks of illness. Resumen: El estudio de caso que aquí se presenta investigó la situación de placer y sufrimiento en el trabajo de los profesores y tutores que actúan en la educación a distancia en la licenciatura en administración pública en una universidad federal y cómo este contexto se relaciona con los aspectos de la subjetividad de estos profesionales. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y de un instrumento cuantitativo de recoleta de datos llamado de Inventario de Trabajo y Riesgo de Enfermedades (MENDES, 2007), cuyos datos fueron analizados estadísticamente. Se verificó que los tutores están más descontentos con el trabajo en el curso de educación a distancia investigado. En términos generales los tutores demostraron estar más insatisfechos que los profesores en cuanto a la supervisión de su rendimiento, la falta de autonomía, la falta de espacio para la creatividad, y aún demuestran sentir más cansancio, miedo e inseguridad en comparación con los profesores.   Palabras clave: Contexto del trabajo en la educación a distancia, diagnóstico de placer y sufrimiento en el trabajo, Inventario de Trabajo y Riesgo de Enfermedades.

scholarly journals Defining the Addressing Terms in Indonesian Language (A Case Study of Gorontalese)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Sanerita Tresnawaty Olii
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Regional Languages ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Speaking Skills

As one aspect of sociolinguistics, social communication is used to indicate relationships in society and refers to names that may come from status. Indonesia has many regional languages, one of which is Gorontalo. In Gorontalo, there are many regional languages. This study aims to analyze the meaning of the greeting terms used by the Gorontalo language speakers. The qualitative descriptive method was used in this study through interviews. Informants were taken based on the criteria of native speakers, adults, able to speak and understand the language, good speaking skills, and socially acceptable groups. The data collection uses a list of words and sentences about the term nicknames in Indonesian as an instrument. The steps to analyze the data are unitization, categorization, explanation, and interpretation. The study results found several greeting terms in the Gorontalo language, namely community, and religious leaders, grandparents' relationships with parents, grandchildren, neighbors, and friends. The greeting terms here are used in the formal and informal language during a conversation, and each language that exists in different or different communication has its characteristics in using the greeting term.

scholarly journals ON EFFICIENT OPERATIONAL CONCEPT OF FUTURE HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Michal Drábek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Operational Concept

The aim of this paper is to elaborate a layout of the first operational concept of Rapid Services with 1 hour system travel time between Praha and Brno. Two basic methods are used – Integrated Periodic Timetable (periodic rendezvous of all services in IPT-nodes) and Operational Concept Economy Approach, as defined below by the author. In this paper, three recent high-speed railway concepts for the future so-called Rapid Services network of the Czech Republic are followed-up. The first one is an operational traffic planning study by Kalcík, Janoš et al. on behalf of Czech Ministry of Transport from 2010. The second one is the high-speed railway promoting book High Speed Rail Even in the Czech Republic by Šlegr et al. from 2012, with likely the most detailed concept of Rapid Services network. The third one is a paper on progress of the official spatial-technical studies for some future Czech high-speed lines by Šulc from 2014. The importance of achievement of 1 hour travel time between the largest agglomerations is briefly presented. The presented methodological approach, although soft and manager-oriented, comprises some firm principles: segmentation of high-speed train offer, so that more expensive rolling stock is not wasted by operation on long conventional line sections, consideration of system travel times for efficient rolling stock circuit, restriction of need for links from high-speed to conventional lines, and utilization of high-speed lines as a "rail highway". This approach is intended to be particularized iteratively, with every application. So, in this paper, first version of Operational Concept Economy Approach is introduced. The key idea is that passengers should be offered such travel times and service intervals (headways) and such number of direct services, which are adequate to their potential demand, but as much synergistic effect as possible should be strived to be achieved for every proposed construction (new or modernized one). Such approach goes towards economic efficiency, which is crucial indicator for political decision necessary for building, let alone EU co-funding of the construction. Experience shows that in many Czech feasibility studies, achievement of sufficient economic efficiency was the most complicated part of the study. Results show that an efficient operational concept can be designed not at the expense of runtimes between the largest cities.

scholarly journals The Social Meaning of Rambu Solo Ceremony in Toraja (The Perspective of Symbolic Interactionism Theory)

2019 ◽  
pp. 778-781
Author(s):  
Hasbi Hasbi ◽  
D. A. T. Pulubuhu ◽  
Mansyur Radjab ◽  
Asyraf Hj. Ab Rahman ◽  
Andi Haris
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results

Rambu solo’ has a significantly important role within Torajanese’s life cycle. The study aimed to elaborate the social meaning of Rambu Solo’ as viewed from the perspective of symbolic interactionism theory. The study was done qualitatively using case study approach. Techniques of data collection involved observation and interview. The study results show that there are two options of Rambu Solo ceremony types namely; bukan rapasan ceremony and rapasan ceremony. The two options of Rambu Solo’ ceremony poses social meaning in economic, cultural, solidarity, spiritual, affection and social status fields based on the aspects of imagining, interpreting and developing self-concept as viewed from the perspective of symbolic interactionism theory.

scholarly journals A Computational Framework for Revealing Competitive Travel Times with Low-Carbon Modes Based on Smartphone Data Collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Bagheri ◽  
Milos N. Mladenovic ◽  
Iisakki Kosonen ◽  
Jukka K. Nurminen ◽  
Claudio Roncoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Mode Shift ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
The City

Evaluating potential of shifting to low-carbon transport modes requires considering limited travel-time budget of travelers. Despite previous studies focusing on time-relevant modal shift, there is a lack of integrated and transferable computational frameworks, which would use emerging smartphone-based high-resolution longitudinal travel datasets. This research explains and illustrates a computational framework for this purpose. The proposed framework compares observed trips with computed alternative trips and estimates the extent to which alternatives could reduce carbon emission without a significant increase in travel time.. The framework estimates potential of substituting observed car and public-transport trips with lower-carbon modes, evaluating parameters per individual traveler as well as for the whole city, from a set of temporal and spatial viewpoints. The illustrated parameters include the size and distribution of modal shifts, emission savings, and increased active-travel growth, as clustered by target mode, departure time, trip distance, and spatial coverage throughout the city. Parameters are also evaluated based on the frequently repeated trips. We evaluate usefulness of the method by analyzing door-to-door trips of a few hundred travelers, collected from smartphone traces in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland, during several months. The experiment’s preliminary results show that, for instance, on average, 20% of frequent car trips of each traveler have a low-carbon alternative, and if the preferred alternatives are chosen, about 8% of the carbon emissions could be saved. In addition, it is seen that the spatial potential of bike as an alternative is much more sporadic throughout the city compared to that of bus, which has relatively more trips from/to city center. With few changes, the method would be applicable to other cities, bringing possibly different quantitative results. In particular, having more thorough data from large number of participants could provide implications for transportation researchers and planners to identify groups or areas for promoting mode shift. Finally, we discuss the limitations and lessons learned, highlighting future research directions.

A case study of an SMS community panel survey and its potential for use during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Chan ◽  
Nouhad El Haddad ◽  
Becky Freeman ◽  
Blythe O'Hara ◽  
Lisa Woodland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Survey Question ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Longitudinal Data Collection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Arabic Speaking

UNSTRUCTURED During the COVID-19 pandemic many traditional methods of data collection, such as intercept surveys or focus groups, are not feasible. This paper proposes that establishing community panels through SMS may be a useful method during the pandemic, by describing a case study of how an innovative SMS community panel was used for the ‘Shisha No Thanks’ project to collect data from young adults of Arabic-speaking background about their attitudes on the harms of waterpipe smoking. Participants were asked to complete an initial recruitment survey, and then subsequently sent one survey question per week. The study recruited 133 participants to the SMS community panel and the mean response rate for each question was 73% (range 58 to 84%). The SMS community panel approach is not suited for all populations, nor all types of inquiry, particularly due to limitations of type of responses that it allows and the required access to mobile devices. However, it is a rapid method for data collection, and therefore during the COVID-19 pandemic, it can provide service providers and policymakers with timely information to inform public health responses. In addition, this method negates the need for in-person interactions and allows for longitudinal data collection. It may be useful in supplementing other community needs assessment activities, and may be particularly relevant for people who are considered to be more difficult to reach, particularly young people, culturally and linguistically diverse communities, and other groups that might otherwise be missed by traditional methods.

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