scholarly journals Exploring Signals for a Nuclear Future Using Social Big Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5563
Author(s):  
Seungkook Roh ◽  
Jae Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Weak Signal ◽  
Social Big Data ◽  
Nuclear Phase ◽  
Phase Out

Since the start of the new Korean government in 2017, the Korean nuclear energy system has undergone a major change. This change in national energy policy can be forecasted by analyzing social big data. This study verifies whether future forecasting methodologies using weak signals can be applied to Korean nuclear energy through text mining the data of web news between 2005 and 2018, comparing and applying the methodology to notable events (i.e., the UAE nuclear power plant (NPP) contract and nuclear phase-out). In addition, we predict what changes will be made in the Korean nuclear energy system post-2019. Keywords extracted through text mining were quantitatively classified into a weak signal or a strong signal using a Keyword Emergence Map (KEM) and a Keyword Issue Map (KIM). The extracted keywords predicted the contract of the UAE NPPs in 2009 and nuclear phase-out in 2017. Furthermore, keywords revealing future signals beyond 2019 were found to be ‘nuclear phase-out’ and ‘wind energy’. The weak-signal methodology can be applied as a tool to predict future energy trends during the current circumstance of the rapidly changing world energy market.

Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen für die Suche nach einem Endlager für hochradioaktiven Abfall (HAW)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Emanuel
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Disposal Facility ◽  
Nuclear Phase ◽  
Phase Out

Producing nuclear energy inherently produces high active nuclear waste (HAW), which has to be disposed of properly and safely. Disposal of HAW represents an eternal burden of nuclear power – even after the German nuclear phase-out in 2022. This intergenerational challenge is a challenge for many more countries than just Germany. Up to date, in the whole world, there is not one operational disposal facility for HAW. The author deals with the constitutional requirements for the German Site Selection Process and the evaluation criteria derived from the constitution. Based on an international legal comparison, he finally develops recommendations concerning a further legal development of this process. The legal comparison particularly emphasizes Canada, Switzerland and Finland.

scholarly journals Extending the Coverage of the Trust–Acceptability Model: The Negative Effect of Trust in Government on Nuclear Power Acceptance in South Korea under a Nuclear Phase-Out Policy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3343
Author(s):  
Seungkook Roh ◽  
Hae-Gyung Geong
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Nuclear Phase ◽  
Phase Out

This article extends the coverage of the trust–acceptability model to a new situation of nuclear phase-out by investigating the effect of trust on the public acceptance of nuclear power, with South Korea as the research setting. Through the structural equation modeling of a nationwide survey dataset from South Korea, we examined the effects of the public’s trust in the various actors related to nuclear power on their perceptions of the benefits and risks of nuclear power and their acceptance of nuclear power. Contrary to previous studies’ findings, in South Korea, under a nuclear phase-out policy by the government, trust in government revealed a negative impact on the public acceptance of nuclear power. Trust in environmental non-governmental groups also showed a negative effect on nuclear power acceptance. In contrast, trust in nuclear energy authority and trust in nuclear academia both had positive effects. In all cases, the effect of a trust variable on nuclear power acceptance was at least partially accounted for by the trust’s indirect effects through benefit perception and risk perception. These findings strengthen the external validity of the trust–acceptability model and provide implications for both researchers and practitioners.

Evaluation of Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin J. McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Component

Small Modular Reactor (SMR) technologies have been recently deemed by the DOE as clean energy, a low carbon-dioxide emitting “alternative energy” source. Recent UN Sustainability Goals and Global Climate Talks to reduce the anthropomorphic Carbon-Dioxide atmospheric concentrations signal a renewed interest and need for nuclear power. The objective of this paper is to present an improved approach to the evaluation of “Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems”. A hybrid energy system is defined as an energy system that utilizes two or more sources of energy to be used in single or multiple applications. Traditional single sourced energy or power systems require the amount of energy creation and the production of usable power to be carefully balanced. With the introduction of multiple energy sources, loads, and energy capacitors, the design, simulation, and operation of such hybrid systems requires a new approach to analysis and control. This paper introduces three examples of “Hybrid Nuclear Energy Systems”, for large scale power, industrial heat, and electricity generation. The system component independence, reliability, availability, and dynamic control aspects, coupled with component operational decisions presents a new way to optimize energy production and availability. Additional novel hybrid hydro-nuclear systems, concentrated solar-nuclear power desalination systems, and nuclear-insitu petroleum extraction systems are compared. The design aspects of such hybrid systems suitable for process heat, electricity generation, and/or desalination applications are discussed. After a multiple-year research study of past hybrid reactor designs and recent system proposals, the following design evaluation approach is the result of analysis of the best concepts discovered. This review of existing literature has summerized that postulated benefits of Hybrid Nuclear Sytems are; reduced greenhouse gas emissions, increased energy conversion efficiency, high reliability of electricity supply and consistent power quality, reduced fossil fuel dependence, less fresh water consumption, conversion of local coal or shale into higher value fuels, while lowering the risks and costs. As these proposed hybrid systems are interdisciplinary in nature, they will require a new multidisciplinary approach to systems evaluation.

EU Nuclear Energy: Economics vs. Ecology

2014 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
A. Zimakov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Nuclear Development ◽  
Phase Out ◽  
Fukushima Disaster ◽  
The Eu

The article analyses economic roots of the recent reassessment of the role of nuclear energy in the EU with the global economic crisis as a background. Despite the huge political impact caused by Fukushima disaster the majority of EU member states don’t commit to nuclear power phase-out or to a major curb of nuclear development. This can be explained by the high economic viability of NPPs’ operation as well as by huge monetary expenses and environmental consequences associated with the phase out. Most openly this can be seen in the case of Germany.

Nuclear Power System on a Base of Transportable Nuclear Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny P. Velikhov ◽  
Vyacheslav P. Kuznetsov ◽  
Vladimir F. Demin
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Nuclear Materials ◽  
Physical Protection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Nuclear Damage

This paper presents the initial provisions, materials, results, current status and next tasks of the study dedicated to the issues of legal and institutional support of transportable nuclear power plants. This study is performed in the framework of the IAEA International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles INPRO. Transportable nuclear power plants (TNPPs) are either small nuclear power plants (SNPPs) with their lifecycle implemented on a single transportable platform, or SNPPs assembled of transportable factory-made modules. Advantages of SNPPs and TNPPs are: • Enhanced safety and reliability; • Design simplicity, • Shorter construction period; • Industrial serial production; • Smaller capital costs and shorter investment cycle compared with large NPP; • Possibility of autonomous operation; • Suitability for non-electric application and others. There is an objective evidence of growing interest in developing a nuclear energy system (NES) based on SNPPs including TNPPs. Underlying assumptions of the Russian study: • The User of TNPP services is interested in receiving energy only, does not claim ownership of nuclear technologies, materials and TNPP itself, and this incurs minimal liability for nuclear energy use; INPRO defines this TNPP lifecycle option as “Maximum outsourcing”; • All operations involving nuclear fuel are performed either at the TNPP manufacturer plant, or at a regional TNPP service center within the Holder’s liability zone; • TNPP sitting requires no onsite operations except assembling. Expert reviews have been performed to confirm TNPP lifecycle compliance with the nuclear legislation in fields such as: safety; non-proliferation; nuclear materials’ monitoring, accounting and control; physical protection; and civil liability for nuclear damage; transport operations. It was confirmed that: • In traditional approaches, the existing legal and institutional framework is sufficient for implementing TNPP lifecycle; to achieve the highest efficiency and safety of TNPPs it is necessary to develop TNPPs’ designs, their legal and institutional support; • The following issues are of immediate interest for further studies: combination of inherent safety features and passive safety systems in TNPPs; TNPP lifecycle economy; lifecycle concept without onsite refueling; new approaches to indemnification for nuclear damage; new approaches to physical protection; nuclear liability of TNPP User; remote nuclear materials monitoring, and control and TNPP’ operating; serial industrial fabrication; licensing and certification; public-private partnership; international personnel training system; international cooperation in TNPP fabrication and servicing; role of the IAEA in developing TNPP-based NES. • TNPP/SNPP-based nuclear energy system including all kinds of respective legal, institutional and infrastructural support should become the subject of further studies.

scholarly journals What Can Politics Learn from Management Decisions? A Case Study of Germany’s Exit from Nuclear Energy after Fukushima

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3730
Author(s):  
Florian Follert ◽  
Werner Gleißner ◽  
Dominik Möst
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Phase Out

The devastating nuclear disaster in Fukushima, Japan, in 2011, which was triggered by a tsunami in the wake of an earthquake, resulted in the decision to quickly phase out nuclear power and with it implicitly accelerated the German Energiewende (energy transition). To the outside observer, the decision appeared to be spontaneous and possibly due to a distorted perception of the associated risks of nuclear power. From the decision results not only the limiting uses of private property by conventional energy providers, but the exit from nuclear energy has also implications for the energy market. As with every human, political actors decide under uncertainty and incomplete information. Based on these parameters, we emphasize that the decision of a political actor is comparable to management decision-making. The paper takes this as an opportunity to examine the political decision to phase-out nuclear energy by discussing relevant parameters from the perspective of decision theory. We plead for a mandatory consideration of economic findings, especially from decision theory and risk management in political decision-making processes, especially in matters that affect future generations.

scholarly journals Effect of Depreciation Method for Long-Term Tangible Assets on Sustainable Management: From a Nuclear Power Generation Cost Perspective under the Nuclear Phase-Out Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5270
Author(s):  
SungSig Bang ◽  
SangYun Park
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Nuclear Power Industry ◽  
Capacity Factor ◽  
Nuclear Phase ◽  
Phase Out

The Korean Government has been implementing a nuclear phase-out policy since 2017. Nuclear power plants accounted for 30.0% of the total power generation in 2016; this figure fell to 25.9% at the end of 2019, and the average Capacity Factor (CF) of a nuclear power plant approximately dropped from 89.1% to 69.2%. The nuclear phase-out policy presents severe consequences for the sustainable management of the nuclear power industry. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of a decrease in the nuclear capacity factor under the nuclear phase-out policy on the depreciation cost per unit using the Straight-Line Method (SLM) and Decelerated Depreciation Method (DDM) and to provide recommendations from a sustainable management perspective. The results show that the decrease in CF of nuclear power plants has a negative impact on sustainable development of the nuclear power industry. DDM is more beneficial than the SLM during this initial stage of depreciation under the nuclear phase-out policy. In addition, in the early stages of projects or immediately after attracting large-scale investments, DDM can offer more positive signs for stockholders by calculating a smaller net loss or a higher net profit.

Renewable Energy Strategies for Sustainable Development in Fujian

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2477-2482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Li Zhang ◽  
Qi Xun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Strategies

Renewable energy is considered important resources for sustainable development all over the world. Fujian province, locating in south-east of China, was selected as an example to discuss renewable energy strategies for sustainable development. The potential renewable energy sources in Fujian were analyzed. And the strategies involve three major technological changes, including energy savings on the demand side, efficiency improvements in the energy production, and replacement of fossil fuels by various sources of renewable energy. Nuclear energy was also introduced to the energy system. The conclusion was that converting present energy systems into a 100% renewable system was possible; in case of some flexible energy system technologies as well as nuclear power were introduced to the present energy system.

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