scholarly journals A Review of Practice and Implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) for Smallholder Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Paul Antony ◽  
Kendra Leith ◽  
Craig Jolley ◽  
Jennifer Lu ◽  
Daniel J. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Current State ◽  
To Come ◽  
Low And Middle Income

In order to feed a growing global population projected to increase to 9 billion by 2050, food production will need to increase from its current level. The bulk of this growth will need to come from smallholder farmers who rely on generational knowledge in their farming practices and who live in locations where weather patterns and seasons are becoming less predictable due to climate change. The expansion of internet-connected devices is increasing opportunities to apply digital tools and services on smallholder farms, including monitoring soil and plants in horticulture, water quality in aquaculture, and ambient environments in greenhouses. In combination with other food security efforts, internet of things (IoT)-enabled precision smallholder farming has the potential to improve livelihoods and accelerate low- and middle-income countries’ journey to self-reliance. Using a combination of interviews, surveys and site visits to gather information, this research presents a review of the current state of the IoT for on-farm measurement, cases of successful IoT implementation in low- and middle-income countries, challenges associated with implementing the IoT on smallholder farms, and recommendations for practitioners.

scholarly journals Do Advanced Therapies Have a Future in the Low- and Middle-Income Countries - The Case of Bulgaria, Romania, and Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kamusheva ◽  
Adina Turcu-Stiolica ◽  
Jakub Gierczyński ◽  
Mihaela-Simona Subtirelu ◽  
Marcin Czech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Advanced Therapies ◽  
To Come ◽  
Health Insurance Funds ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Introduction: The significant therapeutic potential of the advanced therapies (ATs) has predetermined the increased interests in their development mainly in the context of rare diseases most of which are genetically determined. However, there are still many challenges in front of the health insurance funds related to the cost-effectiveness and budget impact issues of these therapies. Our aim was to review and analyze the potential of low- and middle-income countries for health technology assessment (HTA) of advanced therapies focusing on Bulgaria, Romania and Poland as reference countries. A literature review of the existing good practices related to HTA of advanced therapies across the world and comparison with the national reality were performed. A list of challenges and issues from the point of view of the payer institution of all analyzed countries was performed. Pilot recommendations on how to overcome the barriers were created based on the existing practices and the potential of the national system.Discussion: 15 out of 80 articles identified in PubMed were found as applicable to the study scope as most of them were published in the period 2019–2021. Undoubtedly, the main challenges correspond to the high treatment costs, the uncertainty in clinical effectiveness, and poor HTA methodological approaches applicable for ATs worldwide. The issues identified for low and middle-income countries are similar having as well the lack of enough qualified health economists for the purposes of assessment and appraisal of HTA dossiers of the advanced therapies, lack of adequate existing separate financial programs for those therapies, and not preparedness of the health system and the society as a whole for such therapies.Conclusions: Despite the difficulties and challenges, the advanced therapies can be defined as a futuristic therapy for which great discoveries are yet to come. Therefore, each country should consider the implementation of reliable and nationally oriented programs for HTA and adequate financial coverage of these therapies.

scholarly journals Pediatric Trauma Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Brief Review of the Current State and Recommendations for Management and a Way Forward

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 052-059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Dunlop ◽  
Benjamin Wachira ◽  
Seno Saruni ◽  
Michael Mwachiro ◽  
Tina Slusher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Care ◽  
Pediatric Trauma ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Current State ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Incentivizing higher-quality agricultural outputs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Sylvia
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Quality Certification ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Despite making investments in technologies and practices to improve the quality of their products, smallholder farmers in low- and middle-income countries do not often receive higher prices for their higher-quality agricultural goods. Disorganized markets with many intermediaries may make quality certification of goods more difficult, thus causing missed opportunities for consumers to eat better and producers to earn higher profits.

scholarly journals Current Concepts Imaging in COVID-19 and the Challenges for Low and Middle Income Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Mendel ◽  
Justine Lee ◽  
David Rosman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Low And Middle Income

With nearly 3,800,000 cases and 270,000 deaths reported worldwide, COVID-19 is a global pandemic unlike any we have seen in our lifetimes (1). As early as 1995, the WHO was warning of a global infectious disease crisis, citing 30 new infectious diseases emerging in the past 20 years, loss of antibiotic effectiveness, low rates of immunization, poverty, and inadequate investment in public health contributing to the more than 17 million people dying each year from infectious diseases, principally in Low and Middle Income countries (LMIC) (2). Unlike previous infectious diseases, at the time of this writing over 63% of the total reported cases of COVID-19 are in 6 High Income Countries (HIC): USA, Italy, Spain, France, Germany and the UK. Information concerning the imaging findings in COVID-19 has been rapidly disseminated from the centers first affected by the pandemic. This article attempts to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the imaging findings in COVID-19, focusing on pulmonary findings, and offer recommendation for the use of imaging for diagnosis and surveillance of COVID-19, particularly in LMIC.

Some Conditions for Task Shifting in Low and Middle-Income Countries

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joop de Jong ◽  
Mark Jordans ◽  
Ivan Komproe ◽  
Robert Macy ◽  
Aline & Herman Ndayisaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Shifting ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document