scholarly journals Social Networks Use Patterns among University Youth: The Validity and Reliability of an Updated Measurement Instrument

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melchor Gómez-García ◽  
Luis Matosas-López ◽  
Julio Ruiz-Palmero
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Usage Patterns

This article addresses the design and validation of an updated questionnaire that makes it possible to understand the use patterns and attitudes of university youth on social networks. The authors utilized a panel of 20 judges who were social media experts and a sample of 640 university students. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) explained 66.523% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), carried out to verify the dimensional structure of the instrument, reflected the appropriate parameters. The reliability study showed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.864. These data corroborated the development of a robust and reliable questionnaire. The resulting instrument did not contain items alluding to specific social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or LinkedIn), but rather students’ usage patterns of them. The exclusion of items that referred to particular social networks during the research demonstrated a convergence in behavior on social media regardless of the nuances of each platform. This fact suggested that the platform was of secondary importance in the context of a new paradigm in which the type of use (viewing, posting, participating, or interacting) took precedence over the name of the network itself.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of the Solidarity in Pandemics Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-241
Author(s):  
Müge ULUMAN MERT ◽  
Derya ERYİĞİT ◽  
Emine Burcu TUNÇ ◽  
Simel PARLAK
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Psychometric Tool ◽  
Fit Indexes ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
T Values

This study developed a measure of solidarity levels during pandemics, the Solidarity in Pandemics Scale (SPS). This was achieved using a study group of 842 individuals aged between 18 and 65 from different segments of society who had experienced the COVID-19 pandemic and differed in age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Exploratory factor analysis was used to establish the construct validity of the scale, producing a 15-item scale with a one-dimensional structure that explained 34.36% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis using a different study group revealed that all items have significant t-values, and the model established according to model fit indexes has meaningful and acceptable fit values. The internal consistency of the scale results was calculated using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient, and a reliability of .85 in terms of internal consistency was obtained. Test-retest reliability results as another indicator of reliability were found to be .85. Scores on the Altruism Scale were compared with those on the SPS to evaluate the scale’s criterion validity, and a significant relationship was found between the two scale scores. This analysis indicates that the Solidarity in Pandemics Scale is a valid and reliable psychometric tool.

Deepening the Understanding of Students´ Study-Related Media Usage

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Joachim Stöter
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Short Questionnaire ◽  
Instructional Design Process ◽  
Usage Patterns

This article describes how numerous studies on student usage of various digital applications, social media and networks are available but studies on study-related media usage typologies are rare. Based on the instruments developed by Zawacki-Richter, Müskens, Krause, Alturki, and Aldraiweesh, as well as Zawacki-Richter, Kramer and Müskens, a short questionnaire was developed and tested with a cohort of 72 students. The results of the factor analysis suggest statistically relevant scales, which are suitable for classifying students along their media usage patterns through a subsequent cluster analysis. The three clusters that were determined can be compared with the usage types from Zawacki-Richter et al. During the instructional design process these heterogeneous groups and their media usage should be taken into consideration. The identified items can be applied in order to develop qualitative interviews for a deeper understanding of the usage types.

scholarly journals Preliminary development of the social media disinformation scale (SMDS-12) and its association with social media addiction and mental health: COVID-19 as a pilot case study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noomen Guelmami ◽  
Maher ben Khalifa ◽  
Nasr Chalghaf ◽  
Jude Dzevela Kong ◽  
Tannoubi Amayra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Wide Range

BACKGROUND In recent years, online disinformation has increased. An infodemic has spread around the COVID-19 pandemic. Since January 2020, the culprits and antidotes to disinformation have been digital and social media. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of the SMDS-12 measurement scale which assesses the consumption, confidence, and sharing of information related to covid-19 by social media users. METHODS A total of 874 subjects recruited over two exploratory (n = 179, Mean age = 29.34, SD = 7.98) and confirmatory (n = 695, Mean age = 31.22, SD = 11.63) periods, completed thesocial media disinformation scale (SMDS-12),the Internet addiction test (IAT), the COVID-19 fear scale, and the perceived stress questionnaire.The 12-item scale (SMDS-12 ) was initially tested by exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS The test supported the three-dimensional structure, in addition, no items were removed from the measurement scale. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the robustness of the measure by referring to a wide range of goodness-of-fit indices that met the recommended standards. The reliability of the instrument examined by means of three internal consistency indices demonstrated that the three dimensions of the instrument are reliable.The correlation between the instrument's dimensions with the internet addiction scale and mental health factors showed positive associations. CONCLUSIONS The scale is eligible for measuring the credibility of disinformation and can be adapted to measure the credibility of social media disinformation in other contexts.

scholarly journals Standardization of Professional Attitude Questionnaire on the Application of Social Networks in Iranian students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
leili mosalaneajd ◽  
rita rezaiee ◽  
saeed abdollahifard
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Professional Attitude ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Iranian Students ◽  
Privacy Setting

Abstract Introduction The growth of information and communication technology has faced students and medical professionals with challenges in terms of professionalism. The use of social networks in the field of education has also accelerated and has become a powerful source of learning for transformation and empowerment in different fields. This questionnaire addresses the standardization of the attitude to professionalism in using social networks in medical science students. Methods In this questionnaire, with the aim of standardizing the attitude toward social networks, we used a questionnaire with 10 questions in 5 fields by Ness etal, 2013, . The fields include Accountability, Hiring decisions, Profile edits, Professionalism and Privacy setting . In this study, the questionnaire was first checked by validity in content . In the next step, construct validity was performed by exploratory factor analysis .Also reliability checked by test – retest in one group of students . Results By examining the correlation matrix between the variables, correlation between the variables and total score of questionnaire were appropriate.The result of factor analysis by principal component method and Varimax rotation with 3 factors is approved The reliability of the test was obtained 0.940 through test-retest method, and internal consistency were good . Conclusion Perspectives on e-professionalism and social media questionnaire by Ness etal, 2013, perspectives on e-professionalism and social media is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing perspectives on e-professionalism and social media in Iranian medical students.

Consumers Attitude towards Ads on Social Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (ii) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biraj Ghimire ◽  
Bharat Singh Thapa ◽  
Suman Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Validity And Reliability

The purpose of the study was to investigate influence of advertisement traits on attitude towards Ads on social media and intention to use them for purchase decision. The study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the relationship. The validity and reliability of the constructs were evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The EFA was conducted using Principal Component Analysis and Varimax Rotation Method. 7 factors explained 67% of variation. The result also showed sampling adequacy with Kaiser-Meyer-Olin (KMO) test and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity indicated that sample of 255 was appropriate for factor analysis. The result provided a justifiable range of construct reliability and discriminant validity. Consequently, structural model was developed. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to test the goodness of the model. The result indicated that advertisement contents on social media with informative and entertaining were more likely to be used by the consumers. Similarly, favorable attitude towards Ads on social media had a positive intention to use the message for purchase decision. Key words: Marketing, Attitude, Ads on social media, Consumers, Factor analysis, Message

scholarly journals Problematic Social Network Use: Structure and Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Covadonga González-Nuevo ◽  
Marcelino Cuesta ◽  
Álvaro Postigo ◽  
Álvaro Menéndez-Aller ◽  
José Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractUsing social networks (SNs) inappropriately can lead to psychological problems. The objective of this study was to develop a new measuring instrument of problematic use of SNs. The sample comprised 1003 participants over 18 years old (M = 42.33; SD = 14.32). Exploratory factor analysis was performed with a randomly selected 30% of the sample, and confirmatory factor analysis with the remaining 70%. The reliability of the instrument was estimated, and evidence of validity in relation to the variables—anxiety, depression and satisfaction with life—was obtained. The new scale demonstrated a two-dimensional structure (GFI =0.99; RMSEA= 0.06), with one factor of negative social comparison (α = 0.94) and another of addictive consequences (α = 0.91). Clear evidence of validity related to other variables was found. The new scale demonstrated good psychometric properties. The advantage of this questionnaire is that it assesses not only excessive use but also social comparison through SNs.

scholarly journals Development of the Bicycle Constraints Scale: Validity and reliability studyBisiklet Engelleri Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velittin Balcı ◽  
Oğuz Özbek ◽  
Funda Koçak ◽  
Senem Çeyiz
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Reliability Study ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Measuring Tool ◽  
Individual Dimension

The purpose of this study is to develop the "Bicycle Handicap Scale (BHS)" and to test the validity of the scale to demonstrate the obstacles bicyclists encounter. 292 bicycle riders cycling in Eskisehir and Ankara for various purposes for transportation or recr[1]eational purposes in their daily life were participated voluntarily. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed in order to ensure the validity of the BEÖ structure. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, a 5-dimensional structure was obtained on the scale. In the confirmatory factor analysis, five factorial structure was tested and it was determined that the obtained model was in accordance with the compliance criteria. According to this, BEÖ consists of 30 items consisting of 8 items in individual dimension, 5 items in law and regulation, 6 items in socio-cultural dimension, 7 items in physical and economic dimension and 4 items in infrastructure dimension. The internal consistency coefficient of the BEÖ was .92 for the scale, and between .89 and .73 for the subscales of the scale. As a result; It has been found that BEÖ is a useful measuring tool, developed to measure the attitudes of cyclists towards the obstacles encountered while riding a bicycle as a result of the validity and reliability studies conducted.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, bisiklet kullanıcılarının karşılaştıkları engelleri ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla “Bisiklet Engelleri Ölçeği’ni (BEÖ)” geliştirmek ve ölçeğin geçerlik güvenirlik çalışmasını yapmaktır. Araştırma tarama modelindedir. Araştırmaya Eskişehir ve Ankara’da bisikleti olan ve günlük yaşamında ulaşım amaçlı veya rekreatif amaçlı olarak çeşitli amaçlarla bisiklet kullanan 292 bisiklet kullanıcısı gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. BEÖ’nün yapı geçerliğini sağlamak amacıyla açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçekte 5 boyutlu yapı elde edilmiştir. Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ise beş faktörlü yapı sınanmış ve elde edilen modelin uyum ölçütlerine uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre BEÖ, bireysel boyutunda 8 madde, yasa ve mevzuat boyutunda 5 madde, sosyo-kültürel boyutunda 6 madde, fiziksel ve ekonomik boyutunda 7 madde ve alt yapı boyutunda 4 madde olmak üzere 30 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin geneli için BEÖ’nün iç tutarlık katsayısı, .92, alt boyutları içinse .89 ile .73 arasında bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak; yapılan geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması sonucunda bisiklet kullanıcılarının bisiklete binerken karşılaştıkları engellere yönelik tutumlarını ölçmek amacıyla geliştiren BEÖ’nün kullanılabilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Brazilian Version of the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) for Young Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Salim Xavier Moreira ◽  
Luciana Lorenzato ◽  
Carmem Beatriz Neufeld ◽  
Sebastião Sousa Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Young Adolescents ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One

AbstractThe present study developed a Brazilian adaptation of the BAS for young adolescents, testing its factor structure by the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), concurrent and criterion validity, and its internal consistency. Participants were 347 adolescents (171 male and 176 female, aged between 10 and 13 years old). Three psychologists experts in psychological evaluation and three teachers of Portuguese of elementary school also participated for the adaptation stage of the items in order to be properly understood by the sample age group. There were few changes from the version culturally adapted for the Brazilian adult population. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were satisfactory for the general population and both sexes (.804; female =.851; male =.752). The one-factor model of the BAS was confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis with good indicators for the measurements of adjustment to the model, χ2 = 77.9; GFI = 0.967; NFI = 0.940, CFI = 0.979; TLI = 0.968; RMSEA;.038). The convergent validity analyzes revealed significant correlations between BAS scores and BMI (r = –.230; p < .001) and between the first and body image satisfaction (r = .309; p < .001). The BAS version for Brazilian young adolescents had adequate levels of validity and reliability, keeping the one-dimensional structure which indicates its use in Brazilian adolescent’s samples.

Intellectual capital of SMEs in Thailand: an employee behavioural measurement instrument

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khahan Na-Nan ◽  
Suteeluck N. Kanthong ◽  
Kattikamat Khummueng ◽  
Auemporn Dhienhirun
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Concepts

Purpose Intellectual capital (IC) is an important factor to push and drive organisations to achieve competitive advantages and growth. This study aims to develop and test an instrument to measure IC for employee behaviour in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach The measurement instrument was designed after assessing literature reviews on IC that provided a strong theoretical support for application of a specific set of items in the SME context. Instrument validity and reliability were tested for item-objective congruence by five experts. The results ranged between 0.8 and 1.0, with a reliability coefficient of 0.950. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to confirm construct validity between theoretical and empirical evidence. Data were collected from 240 hairdressers employed by SMEs in Thailand. Findings The results revealed that IC can be classified into two groups as human capital and relational capital. Constructs between theoretical concepts and empirical evidence gave values of χ2 = 42.336, df = 35, p = 0.184, χ2/df = 1.210, GFI = 0.972, AGFI = 0.938, RMSEA = 0.030 and SRMR = 0.018. Research limitations/implications Empirical findings were derived from a sample of 240 hairdressers. However, validation and reliability of the instruments require confirmation in various other contexts with a larger number of samples. This cross-sectional study identified the effects of IC in SMEs, thereby contributing to the ongoing debate regarding the determinants of research performance. Originality/value The IC instrument was determined as valid and fulfilled the knowledge gap concerning SMEs by facilitating future studies on boundaries with IC assessment spanning SME contexts. This instrumental support will assist researchers and academics to develop a more comprehensive understanding of IC and explore its potential in future research areas.

Cognitive Styles of Music Listening

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunter Kreutz ◽  
Emery Schubert ◽  
Laura A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Feeling States

BARON-COHEN'S EMPATHIZER-SYSTEMIZER-THEORY (E-S theory, Baron-Cohen, Knickmeyer, & Belmonte, 2005) distinguishes two general cognitive styles. Empathizing is characterized as the capacity to respond to feeling states of other individuals, whereas systemizing is characterized as the capacity to respond to regularities of objects and events. To investigate these traits within the music domain, a questionnaire study (N = 442) was conducted. Construct validity and reliability of the measurement instrument were assessed by factor analysis procedures. A simplified unit weighting (SUW) scale was used to determine individual differences in music empathizing (ME) and music systemizing (MS). Significant effects of sex and of music performance experience were observed. A highly similar pattern of results emerged from a replicating survey (N = 155) using a short-version of the questionnaire. These results suggest that the ME and MS traits corroborate and extend the general E-S theory.

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