scholarly journals Coordination Contracts for Hotels and Online Travel Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3355
Author(s):  
Qiang Guo ◽  
Chris K. Anderson ◽  
Junfeng Dong ◽  
Pengfei Zhao ◽  
Qingkai Ji
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Online Travel Agents

Herein, we address a common problem of hotels in the current world of online selling, namely the management of relationships with third party resellers (also known as online travel agents (OTAs)). We highlight the role of OTAs in the current travel landscape, and we discuss the popular contracting forms between OTAs and hotels, which are the so-called merchant and retail (commission) models. We illustrate how these contracts fail to coordinate the hotel–OTA relationship, and then, we develop a new type of contract that can efficiently coordinate a supply chain consisting of the OTA and the individual hotels. We provide theoretical results and numerical examples for a one-to-one model with one OTA and one supplier and a more realistic setting with an OTA selling to consumers on behalf of numerous hotel partners.

An Examination of the Relationship between Online Travel Agents and Hotels

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee “Andy” Lee ◽  
Basak Denizci Guillet ◽  
Rob Law
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Online Travel Agents

Although traditional travel agents have played an important role as proxies enabling travelers to make connections with hotels, the emergence of the internet has changed the traditional relationship between hotels and travel agents. Instead of a traditional agent–principal relationship, online travel agents (OTAs) seem to act as more than just intermediaries and more as business partners or vendors. Scholars have previously observed troubled, if not hostile, relationships between hotels and OTAs. This article reports a case study analyzing online comments on the 2009 feud between Choice Hotels International and Expedia.com . This analysis identified eight themes in three overall categories: the background to the feud (i.e., characteristics of the hotel industry, current business environment, Expedia’s business practices), the perspectives of hospitality industry professionals on the feud (i.e., wake-up call for hoteliers, Choice Hotels’ decision), and expectations concerning the nature of the relationship between hotels and OTAs (i.e., a symbiotic relationship between hotels and OTAs, experience of dealing with guests who book through OTAs and Expedia, and recommendations for hotels). Chief among the study’s conclusions is that hotels must find ways to make the most effective possible use of available technology and distribution channels, and perhaps even form consortia to share information about third-party distribution channels.

scholarly journals Online Platforms, Rate Parity, and the Free Riding Defence

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Vezzoso
Keyword(s):  
Free Riding ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
National Competition ◽  
New Type ◽  
Rate Parity ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Online Travel Agents ◽  
The Eu

A two-sided platform business is a new type of intermediary to be found ina growing number of economic sectors. As to the hospitability industry inparticular, recent innovations in the field of digital technologiesprompted the rise of so called Online Travel Agents (OTAs) and the demiseof the traditional merchant model.Recently national competition authorities (NCAs) in the EU investigated socalled rate parity clauses in the contracts between the three largest OTAsand their hotel partners. These are contract clauses laying down thehotelier’s obligation to display the same room prices across saleschannels. The parallel investigations conducted by the NCAs revealed anarray of anticompetitive effects stemming from rate parity obligations.While the German NCA concluded that there was insufficient evidence of theefficiency gains of these clauses, and therefore decided to prohibit them,the French, Italian and Swedish NCAs implicitly recognised that some levelof protection against free-riding was necessary, and accepted commitmentsto reduce the scope of the rate parity obligation.The hotel online booking cases were closely followed in the EU and beyond,since they could help clarify a number of key assessment issues concerninga category of commercial practices already widely spread in online markets.In-depth analyses of the NCAs’ findings are now needed, especially in viewof the promotion of an effective antitrust-based platform regulation. Inparticular, this article explores some of the challenges related to theapplication of the traditional free-riding defence to rate parityobligations.

scholarly journals Analisis Strategi E-Marketing Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Penjualan Travel Agent Online mybaliwisata.com

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Fitria Pebri Evariyanti ◽  
Ni Made Estiyanti ◽  
Sephy Lavianto
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Method ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Travel Agent ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Business Model Canvas ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Online Travel Agents

Every year the graph of foreign and domestic tourist arrivals to Bali continues to increase. This is a great opportunity to increase tourist destination visits to Bali. The role of technology will answer the problems that exist in this era of globalization by using computerized systems, so that the use of information technology helps effectiveness and efficiency in working on information system processes. After analyzing the Business Model Canvas (BMC) and E-marketing Business data using social media, the results obtained were an increase in sales of mybaliwisata.com online travel agents in increasing sales turnover. This study uses the Break Event Point (BEP) analysis method to calculate the valuation of mybaliwisata.com online travel agent company, so that optimization of the increase in mybaliwisata.com Travel Agent Online sales can be done well.

Web Scraping for Hospitality Research: Overview, Opportunities, and Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 193896552097358
Author(s):  
Saram Han ◽  
Christopher K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Web Scraping ◽  
Travel Services ◽  
New Research ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Online Travel Agents ◽  
Tools And Methods

As consumers increasingly research and purchase hospitality and travel services online, new research opportunities have become available to hospitality academics. There is a growing interest in understanding the online travel marketplace among hospitality researchers. Although many researchers have attempted to better understand the online travel market through the use of analytical models, experiments, or survey collection, these studies often fail to capture the full complexity of the market. Academics often rely upon survey data or experiments owing to their ease of collection or potentially to the difficulty in assembling online data. In this study, we hope to equip hospitality researchers with the tools and methods to augment their traditional data sources with the readily available data that consumers use to make their travel choices. In this article, we provide a guideline (and Python code) for how to best collect/scrape publicly available online hotel data. We focus on the collection of online data across numerous platforms, including online travel agents, review sites, and hotel brand sites. We outline some exciting possibilities regarding how these data sources might be utilized, as well as discuss some of the caveats that have to be considered when analyzing online data.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kepuasan, Kepercayaan Dan Loyalitas Pelanggan Travel Agent Di Kabupaten Badung

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-151
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Indiani
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Travel Agent ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
Customer Trust ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Online Travel Agents

The development of increasingly advanced technology has an important influence in the tourism service industry, namely the utilization of internet technology in the process of booking tour and travels through online travel agents. Conventional travel agents are increasingly being abandoned as travelers turn to online travel agents. Under these conditions conventional travel agents need to make a number of efforts to keep customers in order to survive. This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality on satisfaction, trust and loyalty of travel agent customers in Badung regency.Research respondents are domestic and foreign customers who use travel agent services in Badung regency, as many as 70 respondents. Data collection was done through survey using questionnaire. Testing research hypothesis using Partial Least Square (PLS).The result of the research shows that 1) the quality of service has positive and significant effect to customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty, 2) customer satisfaction has positive and insignificant effect to customer loyalty, 3) customer trust has negative and insignificant effect to customer loyalty, 4) satisfaction and customer trust does not mediate the influence of service quality on customer loyalty.Travel agent in Badung regency should improve and pay attention to the indicators supporting the satisfaction, trust and customer loyalty so that customers are not easy to switch to competitors.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Online Travel Agent terhadap Pemesanan Kamar di Hotel Mutiara Malioboro Yogyakarta

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfi Hendriyati
Keyword(s):  
Management Support ◽  
Travel Agent ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Competitive Prices ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
Online Travel Agents

Technological developments and can change the mind and desires of guests in booking hotel rooms. Online travel agents are one of the most advanced products that are currently booming, and also for changes room reservation to be direct or go shows switching to using online travel agents. The purpose of this study was to know information why the guest booking room directly going to online travel agents, in order to improve the e-commerce effort of services to maintain guests while still choosing Mutiara Malioboro Hotel Yogyakarta as a place to stay. Research is an online travel agent that can increase hotel occupancy rates because they are accessible, efficient and effective at competitive prices, as well as hotel costs with sales costs, fees and employee usage fees. Management support in OTA is also needed in an effort to increase the number of orders through OTA.

scholarly journals Motivation for ‘Consumer–Producer‘ Interactions in Tourism: Disintermediation and Scope for Travel Agencies

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Fernandes Anthony Jovial ◽  
Alex Emy
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Online Transactions ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Online Travel

Increase in accessibility to the internet and consumer’s faith in conducting online transactions, have paved way for a steady change in how consumers plan and buy their holidays. The role of traditional travel agents and online travel portals, as sources most knowledgeable about holiday destinations is on the wane due to the emergence of online reviewing platforms, and easily accessible and first-hand information from the service producers. Consumers today prefer to approach service producers such as resorts, restaurants, transport providers and guides to book their services. Given this scenario, this paper attempts to determine the catalyst for the changing trends in tourist buying behavior, the role of the internet and whether travel agents are aware of the said changes. The paper also looks at possible opportunities for travel agents to expand their products’ portfolio to maintain or increase their revenue in tandem with the changes in the industry. The study takes into consideration responses received from 75 tourists and structured interviews conducted with sixteen travel agents.

Overview on 3PL Selection Problem

2013 ◽  
pp. 266-279
Author(s):  
Aicha Aguezzoul
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Selection Problem ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Chain Management

Many companies outsource their logistics functions to Third-Party Logistics providers (3PL) instead of achieving them internally. The studies on this field are mostly of empirical type and focused on reasons, benefits, and risks of working with 3PL as well as the role of those on supply chain management. This chapter focuses on 3PL selection problem and presents a literature analysis of 47 articles published within 2001-2011 period. The objective is to identify the mainly approaches applied and their evaluating criteria in measuring the performance of 3PL.

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