scholarly journals Safety or Travel: Which Is More Important? The Impact of Disaster Events on Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Ma ◽  
Yung-ho Chiu ◽  
Xiaocong Tian ◽  
Juanjuan Zhang ◽  
Quan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Research Method ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Online Review ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
The Impact

Tourism is making an increasingly considerable contribution to the sustainable development of world economy, but its development is susceptible to a series of disaster events. The impact of disaster events on tourists’ travel decisions is receiving ever-growing attention. In this study, disasters are classified into two categories: namely, natural disasters and man-made disasters. Among these disasters, earthquakes and terrorist attacks—as the most representative two types—are taken as research examples. By virtue of a difference-in-difference research method and online review data from TripAdvisor, multiple incidents that have occurred in different countries are systematically and comparatively analyzed for verifying the effects of catastrophic events with varying natures, frequencies, and intensities on tourism. The main findings are as follows: (1) both natural disasters and man-made disasters have a negative effect on the number of tourists and the tourist experience; (2) higher frequency and intensity of terrorist attacks may not correspond to tourism, and terrorist attacks exert a more influential impact on the safety image of tourist destinations; (3) compared with the scale and intensity of earthquakes, the frequency of earthquakes has a greater effect on tourism; (4) compared with terrorist attacks, earthquakes have a greater effect on the number of tourists.

scholarly journals The Mediterranean Region: between terrorism, tourism and security

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Varani ◽  
Enrico Bernardini
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Tourism remains a very vulnerable sector and sensitive to both internal and external impacts, such as economic and social crises, natural disasters, epidemics and diseases, national and international conflicts. Among these, the most alarming threat in the 21st century remains terrorism. In this sense, this paper aims to study the effects of the increasingly frequent terrorist attacks by the extremist factions of Al-Qaeda and ISIL on the tourism industry in the Mediterranean Region. The contribution, after having discussed in general the tourism market in the Mediterranean Region, intends to highlight the impacts and repercussions of the terrorist attacks on tourism, presenting the example of Egypt and one of its best-known tourist destinations, Sharm el-Sheikh. In this sense, it is shown how, in a few years, the political instability of the country and the attacks of 2005 and 2016 have significantly reduced the influx of tourists, transforming it from one of the most visited destinations in the world in a place of increasing abandonment.

scholarly journals The Impact of Natural Disasters can Affect Economic Sustainability and Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tismazammi Mustafa ◽  
Jaharudin Padli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Resource Degradation ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Natural factors such as geological conditions, climate change, and depletion of mineral resources may affect economic sustainability and development. Natural resource degradation increases global challenges such as scarcity of resources, water, and land; hence, countries are exposed to natural disasters. Nevertheless, do natural disasters cause a rise in terrorist attacks? In general, terrorist attacks cause death, suffering, and severely affect social and economic situations, as well as national politics. The determinants of terrorist events are a popular issue globally that attract both researchers and policymakers. This research involved a structured methodology using a panel logit model between natural disaster and terrorism. It covered the binary data of terrorist attacks, which allowed the researchers to recognize the determinants that could lead to conflict. Based on the research of detailed data of 127 countries between 1970 and 2014, it was found that there is a strong positive relationship between the total number of deaths and the total occurrences of natural disasters and terrorist attacks. On the other hand, the total damage caused by natural disasters has a significant negative relationship with terrorist attacks. For other variables, the result gives a consistent significant relationship. From the findings, it may be concluded that rapid occurrences of natural disasters will increase the risk of terrorist attacks.

scholarly journals PERKEMBANGAN BENTUK KERAJINAN RENCONG DI DESA BAET KECAMATAN SUKA MAKMUR KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Saniman Andi Kafri ◽  
Reza Sastra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Problem Formulations ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Production Objectives

AbstrakRencong merupakan produk budaya lokal Aceh yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun oleh nenek monyangnya suku Aceh. Rencong sebagai senjata tradisional sekaligus simbol identitas diri masyarakat Aceh memiliki sejarah panjang dan bentuk yang menarik. Sampai saat ini rencong Aceh tetap diminati oleh masyarakat Aceh maupun pendatang yang berkunjung ke daerah Aceh. Seiring dengan berlakunya PSBB di Aceh, juga berdampak terhadap pengrajin rencong, Kondisi ini juga menuntut masyarakat harus mencari pekerjaan lain untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari, dampak virus covid-19 dirasakan langsung oleh pengrajin rencong yang ada di tiga desa Baet yaitu, Baet Masjid, Baet Lampuot dan Baet Meusago di kecamatan Sukamakmur Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Beberapa pengrajin yang bertahan, dikarenakan tidak adanya pekerjaan lain seperti yang dilakukan oleh bapak Yudi Hidayat, Ibrahin dan Zuhri. Pemerintah Aceh bahkan telah menetapkan kampung-kampung ini sebagai kampung rencong yang menjadi destinasi wisata baru di Aceh. Sebelum Covid- 19 hampir semua penduduknya berpropesi sebagai pengrajin rencong. Membuat rencong dilakukan secara turun-temurun dimana pembuatan kerajinan ini dilakukan oleh laki-laki dan perempuan. Keunikan rencong dapat dilihat dari bentuknya yang menyerupai kalimat Bismillah ditulis dalam bahasa Arab. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan erat antara rencong dengan Islam. Perubahan zaman tentunya turut mengubah kebudayaan, dalam hal ini turut merubah bentuk rencong dan fungsi rencong itu sendiri, dimana dahulunya bentuk rencong hanya berukuran 35 cm dan dalam perkembanganya bentuk rencong saat ini sudah mulai ber pariasi mulai dari ukuran 15 cm sampai dengan 2 M, selain itu rencong pada saat ini produksi lebih memanfaatkan pamor rencong sebagai salah satu senjata khas Aceh yang ada di Indonesia sehingga fungsinya beralih dari fungsi praktis menjadi fungsi estetis sehingga tujuan produksinya turut mempengaruhinya, dimana rencong saat ini sudah digunakan sebagai aksesoris dalam pakaian adat Aceh dan aksesoris dalam pagelaran pertunjukan. Metode penelitian “Perkembangan Bentuk Kerajinan Rencong di Desa Baet Kecamatan Suka Makmur Kabupaten Aceh Besar” ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Metode ini dapat menjawab semua rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini. metode kualitatif juga dapat menggali informasi secara mendalam.  Kata Kunci: rencong, kerajinan, fungsi estetis.AbstractRencong is a product of local Aceh culture that has been passed down from generation to generation by his Acehnese mony grandmother. Rencong as a traditional weapon as well as a symbol of Acehnese identity has a long history and an interesting form. Until now, Aceh rencong is still in demand by Acehnese people and migrants visiting the area. Along with the enactment of the Large-Scale Social Restrictions in Aceh it also has an impact on rencong craftsmen, this condition also requires people to find other jobs to be able to meet their daily needs, the impact of the covid-19 virus is felt directly by rencong craftsmen in three Baet villages, namely, Baet Masjid, Baet Lampuot and Baet Meusago in Sukamakmur sub-district, Aceh Besar district. Some of the craftsmen who survived, were due to the absence of other jobs such as those done by Yudi Hidayat, Ibrahin and Zuhri. In this case, the Aceh government has even designated these villages as Rencong villages which have become new tourist destinations in Aceh. Almost all residents work as rencong craftsmen. Making rencong has been done from generation to generation. The making of this craft is done by both men and women. The uniqueness of rencong can be seen from its shape which resembles the sentence Bismillah written in Arabic. This shows the close relationship between rencong and Islam. Changes in time have certainly changed the culture, in this case also changing the shape of the rencong and the function of the rencong itself, where previously the shape of the rencong was only 35 cm in size and in its development the shape of the rencong now varies from 15 cm to 2 M in size, besides The current rencong production utilizes the prestige of rencong as one of Aceh's typical weapons in Indonesia so that its function is shifted from a practical function to an aesthetic function so that its production objectives also influence, where rencong is currently used as an accessory in Acehnese traditional clothing and accessories in performances the research method "Development of Rencong Craft Forms in Baet Village, Suka Makmur District, Aceh Besar District. "This is done using qualitative research. This method can answer all problem formulations in this study. Qualitative methods can also digging information.  Keywords: rencong, craft, aesthetic function.. 

scholarly journals The Transition of Soundscapes in Tourist Destinations from the Perspective of Residents’ Perceptions: A Case Study of the Lugu Lake Scenic Spot, Southwestern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zuo ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Ronda J Zhang ◽  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Meng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Scenic Spot ◽  
Sound Environment ◽  
Lugu Lake ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

As an important part of regional synthesis, the local landscape is a crucial source of attractiveness for tourist destinations, in which soundscapes play a notable and special role. Many studies have investigated changes in the economic, cultural, and environmental aspects of tourist destinations under development, while little attention has been paid to how soundscapes change after tourism development. To this end, we chose the Lugu Lake Scenic Spot as a study area and explored the characteristics of soundscape changes by conducting a survey of residents in six villages at different stages of tourism development. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) Geophony did not obviously change under the influence of tourism. Biophony increasingly lost its influence, while anthrophony increased significantly, causing wide concern among residents. (2) The phenomenon of soundscape commercialization could be attributed to the impact of tourism maturation. Further, the representation of folk songs has undergone a great change. (3) In terms of spatial patterns, residents whose villages were in different states of tourism development had significantly different perceptions of soundscape transition. For example, the one village not undergoing tourism development was in its original soundscape phase. In the other villages, which were in the consolidation stage or the involvement stage, the sound environment had changed significantly, entering a tourism soundscape phase once there were tourism elements involved. Finally, we propose suggestions for enhancing the conservation of local soundscapes, with a focus on both building the tourism industry and enhancing the sustainable development of tourist destinations.

Challenges for Decision Support in Urban Disaster Scenarios

2011 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Sergio F. Ochoa ◽  
José A. Pino
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Urban Disaster ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Society Today ◽  
Economical Losses

An urgent challenge confronting society today is the vulnerability of urban areas to “eXtreme” Events (XEs) (Mileti, 1999; CWR, 2002; Godschalk, 2003). These hazardous situations include natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and floods, as well as accidental and intentional disasters such as fires and terrorist attacks. At the global level, a total of 608 million people were affected by these disasters in 2002, out of which 24,500 died (IFRC, 2003). The economic damages to property and the environment were estimated at $27 billion dollars (IFRC, 2003). From January to October 2005, the number of people killed in disasters globally was estimated at 97,490 and the economical losses were approximately U.S. $159 billion (WHO, 2006). These significant human and economic costs emphasize the urgent need to reduce the vulnerability of urban areas to XEs (Mileti, 1999; CWR, 2002; Godschalk, 2003), improve the impact of relief team actions in these situations (NRC, 1999; NSTC, 2003), and the decision making process (Stewart, 2002; Mendonca, 2007).

scholarly journals Pengaruh COVID-19 Terhadap Kegiatan Ekspor Impor di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Diva Permata Tri Putri ◽  
Eva Wina Aprielya Damayanti ◽  
Intan Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Document Processing ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The Covid-19 pandemic has fatal consequences for the world economy, one of which occurred in Indonesia. Government regulations require the public to apply health protocols that must be obeyed, namely social distancing which causes traders to be hampered in the process of buying and selling activities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on export-import activities in Indonesia. This research method uses the desk study method, namely the collection of data sourced from secondary data obtained from BPS in 2020. The results show that: Covid-19 has had an impact including: (1) The largest decline in the value of imports in Indonesia was experienced in February 2020 and May 2020; (2) Document processing must take longer due to this pandemic and all import-export activities must be guided by health protocols that must be carried out; (3) Delay in handling the ship at the port (ship delay), which will have an impact on the delay of the goods arriving at the hands of the owner of the goods (importer) which causes the importer to also have to prepare more costs for importing the goods.

scholarly journals Determinants and Mechanisms of Tourists’ Environmentally Responsible Behavior: Applying and Extending the Value-Identity-Personal Norm Model in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxun Xu ◽  
Xuechao Wei ◽  
Shih-Chih Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Environmentally Responsible Behavior ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
Personal Norm ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
The Impact

It is well recognized that tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior is a prominent contributor to the sustainable development of tourist destinations. Based on the original Value-Identity-Personal norm (VIP) model and self-efficacy theory, this study proposes an extended VIP model for exploring the generalized determinants of tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior and investigating the impact mechanism of this behavior in China. A total number of 435 self-reported questionnaires were collected on a professional online survey platform. Our research results indicated that the extended VIP model could significantly and validly explain tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior. Specifically, biospheric values have an indirect but rooted effect on tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior. Furthermore, two indirect paths play the same mediational role between biospheric values and tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior. The findings expand the application field of the VIP model, contribute to a better understanding for academic researchers of tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior and shed light on managerial implications for practitioners in the sustainable development of tourist destinations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sustainable tourism practices in the state of Bihar, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 05013
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Singh ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Priyanka Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
The State ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
The Impact

The impact of tourism on the local community and environment has raised the concern of the sustainability of tourist destinations. Therefore, in the year 1998, the World Tourism Organization (WTO) [1] enriched the concept of sustainable tourism by defining it as “tourism development that can meet the demand of both tourists and host communities while preserving, and improving the opportunity for future development”. This paper tends to explore the current condition of sustainable tourism in Bihar. Primary data are collected from the ten major tourist destinations of the state, i.e., Patna, Gaya, Bodhgaya, Rajgir, Nalanda, Raxaul, Munger, Vaishali, Muzaffarpur, and Bhagalpur. The finding of this paper supports that sustainable practices at tourist places of Bihar are not significantly full fill the tourist expectations. Also, most people think that the state government is not taking the necessary steps and initiatives for the sustainable development of tourism in Bihar. This research paper’s findings help tourism stakeholders understand the current conditions of sustainable tourism in the state and help them reframe their policies and strategies for the overall development of the tourism sector.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES ON “GREEN” TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF THE EASTERN PARTNERSHIP COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kovalchuk ◽  
Alina Kravchuk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Eastern Partnership Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The restructuring of the economy of countries of the Eastern Partnership with the EU requires new ways of implementation, which are based on the principles of ecologization, with due consideration of integrated indicators of strategic environmental assessment and balanced resource-efficient, environmentally-friendly production. Subjectmatter: theoretical and practical principles of “green transformations” as a modern direction of the world economy, based on the harmonious use of innovative technologies and the natural environment. Purpose. The main purpose of the publication is to assess how the “green” growth strategy is implemented in the development of the agrarian sector, the demonstration of the importance and efficiency of green growth indicators and their practical application. The realization of the purpose led to solving the research tasks: to substantiate the necessity of forming a change in the agrarian paradigm in the countries of Eastern Europe, to analyse trends of the introduction of green growth, to prove the importance of the efficiency of using the green growth indicators. Methodology. The basis of the research methodology is the dialectical method, which involves the connection theory and practice, the principles of knowledge of the real world, the determinancy of phenomena and interaction processes of external and internal. In order to achieve the purpose and solve the tasks, the following methods were used: system-structural – in the study of the sustainable development of the agrarian sector; abstract-logical – when forming, generalizing, and analysing tendencies of adaptation of the Eastern Partnership countries to the Green Growth Concept; comparative – for comparing the factual data with the theoretical ones and characteristics of changes in time of indicators. As well as the methods of description and comparison were used to determine the vectors for the introduction of green growth in the countries of the Eastern Partnership. Results. New challenges for the world economy make it necessary to modernize the economy solely for ensuring sustainable development through green growth. According to the results of the analysis, the essence of “green” transformations of the agrarian sector was established, which proves the regularity of the inclusion of the ecological factor in the system of basic socio-economic indicators of the development of Eastern European countries. At the same time, on the basis of the generalization of the theoretical provisions, it was found that green growth stimulates competitive, innovative, investment activities, which can lead to new sources of economic growth. For the qualitative expression of the indicators of green growth, the dynamics of GDP of the countries of the Eastern Partnership with the EU and indicators of rational use of natural resources were analysed and summarized. Conclusions. Given the above, the necessity to use indicators of green growth in statistical information is proved, which allows reducing risks of economic growth; reducing the risk of conflicts caused by lack of resources; balancing the ecological imbalance of rural areas. The practical significance of the results obtained is the possibility of their use in the formation of statistical information, and the indicator of the efficiency of agricultural land use makes it possible to trace environmental and resource productivity, multi-factor productivity, dynamics of land use, life expectancy. The research results can be used as an analytical and informational basis for further scientific developments in the field of research on the impact of green transformations on the sustainable development of the agrarian sector.

scholarly journals The Impact of On-the-Job Consumption on the Sustainable Development of Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13478
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Hua Bu ◽  
Huaping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Under certain circumstances, on-the-job consumption is conducive to improving the resilience of the supply chain and the sustainable development ability of enterprises. Using China’s A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2019 as sample data in conjunction with the deconstructive analysis of on-the-job consumption, we used the multiple linear regression model of econometrics to deeply analyze the impact of on-the-job consumption on the sustainable development of enterprises, test the regulatory effect of innovation efficiency, and explore the governance effect of internal control and anti-corruption. Research shows that reasonable and excessive on-the-job consumption have positive and inhibitory effects, respectively, on the sustainable development of enterprises and the relationship between innovation efficiency and the sustainable development of enterprises. Compared to private enterprises, the positive effect of reasonable on-the-job consumption is smaller in state-owned enterprises, while the negative effect of excessive on-the-job consumption is larger in state-owned enterprises. Further research suggests that internal control can weaken the inhibitory effect of excessive on-the-job consumption on the positive relationship between the innovation efficiency and the sustainable development of enterprises, and the weakening effect is even greater after the implementation of anti-corruption policies. Anti-corruption policies and internal control can form a complementary force, effectively restrain the agency effect of excessive on-the-job consumption, and promote the sustainable development of enterprises. This research not only expands the research perspective of on-the-job consumption but also adds new theoretical explanations and empirical evidence for how to achieve the sustainable development of enterprises.

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