scholarly journals Sustainable Innovation Governance: An Analysis of Regional Innovation with a Super Efficiency Slack-Based Measure Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xu ◽  
Lawrence Loh ◽  
Qiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Western China ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Super Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Innovation ◽  
Innovation Governance

As China is undergoing economic transformation and facing increasing energy and environmental problems, it is essential to pay special attention to sustainable innovation governance. This research took industrial waste and total energy consumption into consideration and uses a super efficiency slack-based measure (SBM) model to empirically evaluate the regional innovation efficiency of Chinese provinces. The results showed that the efficiency of China’s regional sustainable innovation has not changed significantly over recent years. In addition, the results also showed large and varying degrees of innovation efficiency across different provinces. Eastern China, in comparison to central and western China, showed higher innovation efficiency. In addition, we found a slightly increasing trend in terms of innovation efficiency disparities between the three areas. On the basis of these findings, the reasons for the innovation efficiency gap between different regions were analyzed. The impacts of influential factors on sustainable innovation efficiency were further explored. We found that technology market maturity affected sustainable innovation efficiency positively, while government funding had a negative impact on sustainable innovation efficiency. Industrial structure and environmental regulations had no significant effect on sustainable innovation efficiency. Finally, some implications for improving governance performance in terms of sustainable innovation were provided.

scholarly journals Efficiency Evaluation of Regional Sustainable Innovation in China: A Slack-Based Measure (SBM) Model with Undesirable Outputs

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xu ◽  
Bart Bossink ◽  
Qiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
Undesirable Outputs ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Chinese Firm ◽  
Sbm Model ◽  
Sustainable Innovation

An efficiency evaluation of China’s regional sustainable innovation, evaluating industrial waste and total energy consumption, is the main research subject in this paper. It focuses on a regional measurement and comparison of these undesirable outputs of Chinese firm activities, such as industrial SO2 and CO2 emissions. By applying a data envelopment analysis–slack-based measure (DEA–SBM) model with undesirable outputs indicators, the regional innovation efficiency was evaluated for 30 provinces in China, from 2002 to 2014. The results indicate that the sustainable innovation efficiency of overall China is still relatively low, and varies significantly in different regions. Central and Western China have similar sustainable innovation efficiencies, which are much lower than the sustainable innovation efficiency in Eastern China. Furthermore, the data indicate that regional sustainable innovation efficiency disparities among these three areas are decreasing. Based on these findings, reasons for the sustainable innovation efficiency gap among the different regions were analyzed. To scholars, this paper extends the research on regional sustainable innovation efficiency by implementing an undesirable output perspective to the DEA–SBM model. The findings also provide Chinese policy makers with useful decision support insights for regional sustainable innovation, and energy conservation and emission reduction policies.

scholarly journals Does Mobile Phone Penetration Affect Divorce Rate? Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaping Zhang ◽  
Mingwang Cheng ◽  
Xinyu Wei ◽  
Xiaomei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Marital happiness is an important symbol of social harmony and can help promote sustainable economic and social development. In recent years, the rapid rise of the divorce rate in China, a country where the divorce rate had previously been low, has attracted wide attention. However, few articles have focused on the popularization of information and communication technology's impact on China’s rising divorce rate in recent years. As a first attempt, the provincial panel data during the period 2001–2016 is applied to study quantitatively the relationship between mobile phone penetration and the divorce rate. In order to get more reliable estimation results, this paper uses two indicators to measure the divorce rate, and quantile regression is applied for further analysis. Additionally, one-year to five-year lag times of the mobile phone penetration are used as the core explanatory variables in order to analyse the lagging effect of mobile phone penetration on divorce rate. The result shows that the correlation between the mobile phone penetration and the divorce rate was statistically positive significant in China during the period 2001–2016. Furthermore, the paper also finds that mobile phone penetration had the greatest impact on divorce rate in central China, followed by eastern China, but it was not obvious in western China during this period. From a technological perspective, this paper provides some possible explanations for the rising divorce rate in China in recent years, and further enriches the relevant research on the impact of the development of information and communication technology on societal changes.

scholarly journals Regional Green Development and Spatial Evolution in China: Abiding by Theory of Dissipative Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Fumin Deng ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Xuedong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Brusselator Model ◽  
Energy Factors ◽  
Green Development

Regional green development can commendably abide by the theory of dissipative structure. The relative dissipative characteristics taken on by regional development are analyzed, in which the energy factors and resources factors are incorporated into the green economic development and green environment support subsystems (2GE system) in line with the definite input characteristics. A more representative indicator system is established, with positive and negative entropy indexes involved. As Brusselator model and information entropy method are employed to calculate the data of 30 China’s provinces from 2008 to 2015, the findings bespeak that green development in China lays particular stress on green economic development assuming higher environment pressure and cost. The development among various regions is getting progressively and evidently different, which is manifested as potent economic base and abundant natural resources in the Eastern China; the backward green economic development and the progress of green environment in Central China; the pursuit of green economic development at the expense of the green environment in Western China and Northeastern China.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Changes of Chemical Fertilizer Application and Its Environmental Risks in China from 2000 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11911
Author(s):  
Yuanzhi Guo ◽  
Jieyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Western China ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Continuous Increase

Chemical fertilizers are important inputs in agricultural production. They not only increase crop yield but also bring many negative effects, such as agricultural non-point source pollution. Therefore, a scientific understanding of the regional differences in chemical fertilizer application and its environmental risks is of significance to promote China’s agricultural development. In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal pattern of chemical fertilizer application intensity (CFAI) in China since 2000, evaluated the environmental risks of provincial CFAI, and investigated the internal mechanism behind them. The results showed that the total amount and intensity of chemical fertilizer application in China from 2000 to 2019 presented a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. In 2000 and 2019, provincial CFAI in eastern China was generally higher than that in central and western China, and the environmental risks of provincial CFAI were spatially characterized by “high in the north and low in the south”. Factors such as poor soil conditions, unreasonable farming structure and backward fertilization methods are the main reasons for the continuous increase in the total amount and intensity of chemical fertilizer application, while the construction of ecological civilization and the transformation of society and economy are the main reasons for their decline. Finally, measures such as targeted fertilization, adjusting the use structure of chemical fertilizers, improving fertilization methods and replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers are proposed to promote the quantity reduction and efficiency increase of chemical fertilizer application in China.

scholarly journals A Novel PM2.5 Concentrations Probability Density Prediction Model Combines The Least Absolute Shrinkage And Selection Operator With Quantile Regression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaomei Yang ◽  
Haoyue Wu
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Probability Density ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Density Prediction ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Selection Operator

Abstract PM2.5 has a significant negative impact on human health and atmospheric quality, and accurate prediction of its concentration is necessary. PM2.5 concentration is influenced by a combination of factors from both meteorological conditions and air quality. It is essential to identify the significant factors influencing PM2.5 concentrations in the prediction process. To address this issue, this paper proposes the quantile regression (QR) model based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), combined with kernel density estimation (KDE) for probabilistic density prediction of PM2.5 concentrations. The model uses LASSO regression to select the influential factors, and then the quartiles of daily PM2.5 concentrations obtained using the QR model are imported into the KDE model to obtain the probability density curves of PM2.5 concentrations. In this paper, empirical analysis is performed with the data sets of Beijing, China, and Jinan, China, and the accuracy of the model is evaluated using the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) and the relative mean square error (RMSE). The simulation results reveal that the LASSSO-QR-KDE model has a higher accuracy than the traditional prediction models and the currently used research models. The model provides a novel and excellent tool for policy makers to predict PM2.5 concentrations.

scholarly journals Ethics in construction industry : project managers’ case study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thobeka Kahlela
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Project Manager ◽  
South African Council ◽  
Unethical Conduct ◽  
Unethical Practices

Business ethics and corporate governance have taken centre stage globally in the last decade due to the increasing unethical practices by private and public institutions. These unethical practices adversely affect the image of professionals and organisations with a resultant negative impact on the competitive advantage of the organisation. This study aims to assess factors contributing to unethical behaviours of project managers. The study was conducted in five provinces of South Africa including KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape, Cape Town, Limpopo and Gauteng. The sample frame consists of construction project managers registered with South African Council for the Project and Construction Management Professions (SACPCMP) and Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) Random sampling technique was employed in the selection of samples. A total number of thirty six questionnaires were analysed for the study. Descriptive statistics were employed for the analysis of data. Findings include personal value, organisational culture and education are very influential factors on ethical decisions of a project manager. Furthermore, corporate value and individual values are the factors which most influence the ethical judgment of a project manager. Improving ethical practice for the professionals could improve ethical performance in construction projects and production efficiency in the construction industry in SA. Based on the findings of the study, ways to mitigate unethical conduct would be; practicing ethical conduct at all times will improve production, the levels of risk on projects will decrease and also an improvement in communication and transparency will minimize the levels of unethical conduct of the project managers in South Africa.

scholarly journals Carbonaceous aerosols in China: top-down constraints on primary sources and estimation of secondary contribution

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 28219-28272 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-M. Fu ◽  
J. J. Cao ◽  
X. Y. Zhang ◽  
S. C. Lee ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Secondary Formation ◽  
Emission Estimate

Abstract. We simulate elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) aerosols in China and compare model results to surface measurements at Chinese rural and background sites, with the goal of deriving "top-down" emission estimates of EC and OC, as well as better quantifying the secondary sources of OC. We include in the model state-of-the-science Chinese "bottom-up" emission inventories for EC (1.92 Tg C yr−1) and OC (3.95 Tg C yr−1), as well as updated secondary OC formation pathways. The average simulated annual mean EC concentration at rural and background site is 1.1 μg C m−3, 56% lower than the observed 2.5 μg C m−3. The average simulated annual mean OC concentration at rural and background sites is 3.4 μg C m−3, 76% lower than the observed 14 μg C m−3. Multiple regression to fit surface monthly mean EC observations at rural and background sites yields best estimate of Chinese EC source of 3.05 ± 0.78 Tg C yr−1. Based on the top-down EC emission estimate and observed seasonal primary OC/EC ratios, we estimate Chinese OC total emissions to be 6.67 ± 1.30 Tg C yr−1. Using these top-down estimates, the simulated average annual mean EC concentration at rural and background sites significantly improved to 1.9 μg C m−3. However, the model still significantly underestimates observed OC in all seasons (simulated average annual mean OC at rural and background sites is 5.4 μg C m−3), with little skill in capturing the spatiotemporal variability. Secondary formation accounts for 21% of Chinese annual mean surface OC in the model, with isoprene being the most important precursor. In summer, as high as 62% of the observed surface OC may be due to secondary formation in eastern China. Our analysis points to three shortcomings in the current bottom-up inventories of Chinese carbonaceous aerosols: (1) the anthropogenic source is severely underestimated, particularly for OC; (2) there is a missing source in western China, likely associated with the use of biofuels or other low-quality fuels for heating; and (3) sources in fall are not well represented, either because the seasonal shifting of emissions and/or secondary formation are poorly captured or because specific fall emission events are missing. More regional measurements with better spatiotemporal coverage are needed to resolve these shortcomings.

Research on the Operation Efficiency of Science and Technology Innovation Incubator Under Different Leading Modes

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-49
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Liyao Pan ◽  
Xiaomin Du
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Western China ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Upgrading ◽  
Chinese Context ◽  
Economic Zones

The incubator of scientific and technological innovation plays an important role in leading scientific and technological innovation, accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and promoting industrial upgrading and transformation. The Chinese economy is in the transition stage, so the research on the operating efficiency of the incubator of scientific and technological innovation based on the Chinese context has its unique value. In this study, combined with Chinese context, the business incubator is divided into two main modes: government and private. By using DEA research method, this chapter analyzes a series of problems, such as the overall difference and difference grade of the operating efficiency of incubators among the four major economic zones of China, the comparison of the operating efficiency of different modes between Northeast and Western regions, and the gap between private-led incubators in eastern China and private-led incubators in Northeast and Western China.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document