scholarly journals The “Metal-Energy-Construction Mineral” Nexus in the Island Metabolism: The Case of the Extractive Economy of New Caledonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Bahers ◽  
Paula Higuera ◽  
Anne Ventura ◽  
Nicolas Antheaume
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Nickel Extraction ◽  
The One

The concept of island metabolism strives to implement the principles of social ecology at the island scale. It is, therefore, a question of analyzing the flows of materials and energy passing through these territories, as well as the resource base needed to sustain their activities. We propose to develop a nexus approach to the New Caledonian island metabolism to understand the interactions between biophysical structures and societal, as well as economic, activities. Metals, construction minerals, and energy are good symbols of economies based on the extraction of non-renewable resources. This is why, in this article, we sought to investigate how the “metal-energy-construction mineral” nexus can affect the resilience and metabolic sustainability of the extractive island of New Caledonia. We carried out the Material and Energy Flow Analysis (MEFA) of each nexus subsystem for 2016 and of the nodes of interdependence. We also interrogated the role of importing countries because the island’s metabolism is dominated by the nickel extraction industry. Indeed, the metabolic profile of this island corresponds to the one of a supply territory for other consumption territories. The latter outsource the impacts of their own consumption to New Caledonia. Finally, based on interviews with economic stakeholders, we studied the potential building blocks for the emergence of an industrial symbiosis in the nexus.

scholarly journals Problems of Working Women in the Rural Informal Sector of Punjab (Pakistan)

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Karamat Ali ◽  
Abdul Hamid Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The One

The informal sector plays a significant role in Pakistan’s economy as well as in other developing countries. The role of the informal sector in solving the unemployment problem of Third World countries has become the focus of a conceptual and empirical debate in recent years. Most of the research takes a favourable view of this sector and suggests that it should be used as a policy instrument for the solution of the most pressing problems of developing countries, such as unemployment, poverty, income inequalities, etc. Before proceeding further, we will define the informal sector and differentiate it from the formal sector. There are various definitions, but the one given in an ILO report (1972) is generally considered the best. According to this report, informal sector activities are ways of doing things characterised by a heterogeneous array of economic activities with relative ease of entry, reliance on indigenous resources; temporary or variable structure and family ownership of enterprises, small scale of operation, labour intensive and adapted technology, skills acquired outside the formal school system, not depending on formal financial institutions for its credit needs; unregulated and unregistered units, and not observing fixed hours/days of operation.

scholarly journals The Doctrinal Complication in Al-Ash'ari’s Doctrine and its Role in Managing the Doctrinal Disputes

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ararou
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
General Rules ◽  
The One

This research aims to clarify the concept of doctrinal rules and adjust its basic terminologies. It further aims to lay down a map for the method of rooting this science by mentioning its rooted sources, in addition to drawing a miniature picture of its history, origin, formation and development. The paper ends with practical models to highlight its importance in rooting the science of nodal rules and facilitating the mentioning of its scattered discussions in a short and comprehensive phrase. The study further illustrates the pioneering role of doctrinal rules science in managing the doctrinal disputes, combining multiple sayings, and in bringing together opposing opinions. The study follows the inductive, descriptive and analytical approach. The importance of the research topic lies in the fact that it tackles something that has not yet been widely examined. Thus, researching such a topic is considered a new thing due to the scarcity of what has been written on it, on the one hand. On the other hand, the topic is serious as it talks about the Contractual Rules, which have not gained sufficient research among the applicants. Besides, what has been so far written on the doctrinal rules is related to the chapters of the doctrine and its general discussions; a matter which is similar to Al-Ghazali’s rules of beliefs. No allocation was dedicated to its contractual aspect. Accordingly, the present research is one of the important building blocks of the doctrinal lesson, as it is related to inferencing the science of belief and collecting its dispersed discussions under general rules in an

scholarly journals Methods aimed at facilitating service sector specialist’s activity in the process of professional development

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2 (127)) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Ivanova Olena
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
The One

The relevance of the article is determined by the rapid socio-economic transformations in the life of Ukraine, which put forward new requirements for the training of specialists in the service sector. The formed professional position of the specialist facilitates its implementation in the modern labour market. It has been proved to be important to develop the service sector specialist’s activity in the process of professional development based on the promotion of his / her professional positions. It has been found out that professional training is one of the most effective methods of human change aimed at personal and professional development through the acquisition, analysis and reassessment of person’s own life experience in the process of a group interaction. It has been determined that professional trainings allow the specialists of the service sector to realize his / her active professional position, to show a positive motivation concerning his / her high quality self-change. It has been noted that the acquisition of new competencies by specialists due to the development of the service industry alongside with the improvement of the management of the organization, ways of interaction of specialists representing its certain units appear to be the results of the training. Career orientation is noted to be a factor which enables revealing an active professional position of a service sector specialist. Career is the result of a person’s conscious professional position and behavior associated with the official or professional growth. Achievement of career goals is associated with the activity of professional development, including both the effectiveness of the self-learning processes and the initiative in the search for ways of self-realization in the profession according to the vertical scale. The article summarizes the ways to identify an active professional position for service professionals representing different social levels. It has been revealed that this position of the one who is the owner of the business is different from the position of the one who performs the role of an employee. The role of team building within the communicative and social spheres aimed at the organization of a professional team; the creation of corporate foundations, traditions of business owners, which will determine the role positions of each employee; the realization of the potential and resource capacity of each specialist; the elaboration of the route of business development, taking into account the characteristics of the team members as a resource base has been designated. Key words: active professional position, identification, a service sphere specialist, professional training, career, team building.

Contrast and Representations in Syntax

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
The Other ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Parametric Variation ◽  
Syntactic Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Morphological System

Syntactic contrasts, the systems of grammatical oppositions that exist within individual languages, are typically formally encoded in terms of features. The nature of syntactic contrast is tied to a fundamental question in generative syntactic theory: What is universal in syntax (and in language more generally), and what is variable? This volume explores the dual role of features, on the one hand defining a set of paradigmatic contrasts, and other the other hand acting as the building blocks of syntactic structures and the drivers of syntactic operations. In both roles, features are increasingly seen as the locus of parametric variation. The identification of parameters with features has opened up new possibilities for exploring connections between the morphological system of a language and its syntax, and suggests a new role for featural contrast in syntactic theory. The papers collected here represent a diversity of topics, perspectives, and concerns, but are united by an interest in morphosyntactic representations, and in the formal encoding of syntactic contrasts.

scholarly journals Agriculture in an Ecosystems Framework

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Aillery ◽  
Jim Hrubovcak ◽  
Carol Kramer-LeBlanc ◽  
Robbin Shoemaker ◽  
Abebayehu Tegene
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Ecosystem Restoration ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Resource Base

By broadening the definition of an ecosystem to include economic activities, can we better characterize the interactions and relationships among agricultural activities and important indicators of ecological system health? This paper addresses research approaches for assessing the role of agriculture in an ecosystems context. Environmental regulation and resource management policies have heightened the interest in understanding interactions among agricultural activities and the natural resource base, including the impacts of agriculture on environmental quality and the impacts on agriculture of ecosystem restoration efforts. What are the most meaningful indicators of environmental quality? Which agricultural practices and policies should be considered, along with which nonagricultural resource uses? Finally, does the evolving thinking about ecosystems permit us to link agricultural practices and policies more directly and meaningfully to conceptions of sustainability, of both natural and socioeconomic systems? This paper presents a brief synopsis of ecosystem management, drawing from several recent governmental initiatives. It then provides an overview of the economics of ecosystem management from the perspective of the role of agriculture; discusses two specific cases, the Pacific Northwest and South Florida; and concludes with a discussion of promising economic approaches, data needs, and caveats to those engaged in policy analysis involving ecosystem restoration.

Discord in Matrilineality: Insight into the Khasi Society in Meghalaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-297
Author(s):  
Animesh Roy
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
District Council ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
The Village ◽  
Transitional Phase

The matrilineal society of the Khasi tribe in Meghalaya is now undergoing a transitional phase, whereby, on the one hand, the government is attempting to destine its traditional political institutions into more efficient instruments of democratic decentralisation, resulting into contradictions over the ‘manoeuver of village-level governance’ between the government and the Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council (KHADC), and, on the other hand, a section of Khasi men presuming themselves to be deprived of the property rights wanting to be recognised at par with the Khasi women. Given such a situation, this piece of work attempts to analyse the status of both Khasi males and females in terms of their involvement in social, economic and political affairs under matrilineality. It also critically evaluates the fecundity of the Village Administration Bill (VAB) of 2014 keeping a gender perspective in focus. The article, however, argues that despite having claimed to have placed women in higher position than men in the society, the Khasi matrilineality vitriolically relegates the role of women in politics and governance, thus portraying a contradiction. This contradiction even vividly exists in the recent VAB passed by the KHADC. Our primary survey also reflects that the female workforce has mostly established a foothold in the low-profile economic activities while dominance of the male workforce is found in those economic activities that are associated with a higher social status.

Demand Conditions and the Interpretation of Ricardo

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni A. Caravale
Keyword(s):  
Recent Article ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Allocation Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Demand Functions ◽  
Ideological Bias ◽  
Analytical Scheme ◽  
The One ◽  
Ricardian Theory

Kenneth J. Arrow's recent article on Ricardian theory (Arrow 1991) represents the occasion for a renewed discussion of the basic building blocks of the classics' analytical scheme and of the role of demand conditions in this context. Arrow's argument pivots around two ideas: that Ricardo's theory is built without any reference to demand, and that the role of demand can be conceived of only within the logical context of neoclassical demand functions, which are absent in Ricardo, thus making his theoretical scheme irremediably weak. These ideas form the basis of a drastically dichotomized representation on the part of Arrow of current interpretations of Ricardo. On the one hand are the neoclassical-type views, epitomized by his own position, with their emphasis on the allocation problem; on the other hand are the purely cost-oriented neo-Ricardian interpretations, with their strongly Marxist ideological bias.

scholarly journals Constraint As an Ethical Postulate in the Context of Ecological Limits

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Iwona Stachowska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Question Mark ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Ecological Barriers ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
The One ◽  
Dimension Constraint

The problem of natural resources being finite as well as the capability of ecosystems and the biosphere to assimilate the effects of economic activity on the one hand, and growing economic discrepancies on the other raise a question mark over the chase after the unrestrained economic growth. In the search for alternative models of thinking and development a significant role of constraint is being more and more emphasized. In the case of ecological barriers limitation of using non-renewable resources, greenhouse gases emissions, excessive consumption and production seems to be a reasonable strategy that manifests our care for the natural environment.The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that the postulate of constraint present in the de-growth model in the form proposed by Tim Jackson and Serge Latouche apart from a quantitative dimension has, above all, a qualitative and ethically orientated dimension. Constraint conceived in the above way stays close to terms like moderation, restraint, sustainability, i.e. such terms that possess solid ethical foundations and constitute an important base for environmental ethics. 

scholarly journals A Study on Role of Women in Economic Development in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
G Angala Eswari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One ◽  
Active Contribution

Empowering women is a critical issue in developing nations. Even though women are an integral part of any society, yet their involvement in decision making by the use of their active contribution in economic activities is shallow. Women empowerment and economic development are interlinked, where on the one hand, development alone can play a significant role in driving down inequality between women and men while on the other hand empowering women can benefit development. This paper explores the role of women in the workforce for the economic development of the country in different States.

You Are the One I Want to Communicate With!

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Pierucci ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Bias ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Shared Reality Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect ( Higgins & Rholes, 1978 ). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.

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