scholarly journals Assessment of the Health Effects of Heavy Metals Pollution of Agricultural Soils in the Iron Ore Mining Area of the Northern Piedmont of Mount Wutai, Shanxi Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Qinghai Xu ◽  
Qingrong Zheng ◽  
Liwei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Mount Wutai

We have measured the concentrations of toxic elements (Cd, Pb, As, and Hg) in 29 samples from agricultural soils in an iron ore mining area in the northern piedmont of Mount Wutai in Shanxi Province, China. The aim was to evaluate the potential health risks to local inhabitants based on the health risk assessment model derived from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The results show that the concentrations of the four heavy metals exceed their background values, especially in the case of Hg. The pollution level of the four heavy metals can be ordered as follows: Hg > Cd > Pb > As. The spatial distribution of the concentrations of the four heavy metals was uneven: pollution levels were lowest in the basin of the E River, and centered on the E River there was an increasing trend towards the Yukou River in the west and the Yangyan River in the east. In terms of the degree of pollution, this trend can be summarized as: Qingyang River > Yangyan River > Yukou River > E River. The main form of ingestion of the metals was via mouth and nose, and the risk to children is higher than for adults. Iron ore mining was the main cause of the increased concentrations of As and Cd, which represent a cancer risk for humans.

scholarly journals Identification of the spatial distributions, pollution levels, sources, and health risk of heavy metals in surface dusts from Korla, NW China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1338-1349
Author(s):  
Adila Hayrat ◽  
Mamattursun Eziz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Nw China ◽  
Surface Dust ◽  
Background Values

AbstractA total of 54 surface dust samples were gathered from Korla in NW China, and the concentrations of six heavy metal elements, such as Hg, Cd, As, Pb, Cr, and Cu, were determined by standard methods. The geostatistical analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, pollution load index (PLI), and the US EPA health risk assessment model were used to analyze the spatial distribution, pollution, and its potential health risk of heavy metals in surface dusts, and the main sources of heavy metals were also identified. The obtained results indicate that the average concentrations of As in surface dust of Korla is lower than the background values determined in Xinjiang soil, whereas the average concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Cu elements exceeded the corresponding background values by factors of 3.71, 1.87, 1.96, 1.14, and 1.29, respectively. The higher concentration of analyzed heavy metals is observed in the northeastern and northern parts in the study area. The pollution level of heavy metals decreased in the following order: Hg > Pb > Cd > Cu > Cr > As. Based on the identified concentrations, the collected dust samples are found to be heavily polluted by Hg and slightly polluted by As, and the remaining elements, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Cr, are found to be low polluted. Furthermore, the PLI values of heavy metals in surface dust vary between 0.74 and 2.74, with an average value of 1.40, at the low pollution level. In addition, As in surface dust in the study area is mainly natural source, while Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb are mainly anthropogenic sources. Overall, the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risks of the analyzed elements, instigated mainly by oral ingestion of surface dust, are found to be within the acceptable range for both children and adults. As and Cr are the main noncarcinogenic elements, whereas Cr is the major carcinogenic element among the investigated dust-bound heavy metals in Korla.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Accumulated on PM2.5 Fractioned Road Dust from Two Cities of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haseeb Tufail Moryani ◽  
Shuqiong Kong ◽  
Jiangkun Du ◽  
Jianguo Bao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Two Cities

The aim of this study is to identify and investigate levels of toxic heavy metals in PM2.5 fractioned road dust to better understand the associated inhalation risk and potential health impacts. To achieve this aim, concentrations of seven traffic generated heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Sb, and Cr) were determined in the PM2.5 fraction of road dust samples from four different locations (offices, residential, hospital, and school) in two cities (Karachi and Shikarpur) of Pakistan using ICP-MS. The average concentration values of heavy metals in Karachi were as follows: 332.9 mg/kg Cu, 426.6 mg/kg Pb, 4254.4 mg/kg Zn, 62.3 mg/kg Cd, 389.7 mg/kg Ni, 70.4 mg/kg Sb, 148.1 mg/kg Cr, whereas the average concentration values of heavy metals in Shikarpur were 245.8 mg/kg Cu, 538.4 mg/kg Pb, 8351.0 mg/kg Zn, 57.6 mg/kg Cd, 131.7 mg/kg Ni, 314.5 mg/kg Sb, 346.6 mg/kg Cr. The pollution level was assessed through two pollution indices enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo). These indices showed moderate to extreme level pollution in studied areas of both cities. The health risk assessment through inhalation contact was conducted according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) model for children and adults. Both non-cancerous and cancerous risks were characterised in the road dust samples for each location. As yet, there is not a single study on the concentrations of heavy metals in PM2.5 fractions of road dust in Karachi and Shikarpur, findings of this research will facilitate researchers for further investigations in current field.

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Health Risk of Heavy Metals: A study from the Tarkwa Mining Area, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J. Seidu ◽  
A. Ewusi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Water Types ◽  
Study Results

This study seeks to evaluate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of water in the Tarkwa mining area using the Piper and Chadha plots and to carry out a health risk assessment using the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) health risk assessment model. A total of 39 groundwater sample points were used for this study. Results from the Piper and Chadha diagrams show that the dominant water types in the study area are Ca-HCO3 and Mixed Ca-Mg-Cl water types which indicates that groundwater in the area can be classified as fresh water. The hazard quotient (HQ) value for heavy metals estimated, suggested an acceptable level of noncarcinogenic inimical health risk. In relation to the HQ value, the Hazard Index (HQ) calculated was less than 1 suggesting that inhabitants will not be exposed to a potential health risk for the injection of heavy metals. Carcinogenic risk estimated for As (1.80×10-4) was higher than the acceptable risk. The carcinogenic risk estimated therefore indicated that, drinking of groundwater over a long period will increase the probability of cancer. It can be concluded that currently the groundwater in the Tarkwa area is safe for domestic purposes.   Keywords: Hydrochemical Characteristics, Human Risk Assessment, Tarkwa Mining Area

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Onion Bulbs Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
A.I. Yaradua ◽  
A. J. Alhassan ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
S. S. Matazu ◽  
A. Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
North West

Vegetable fields in Katsina State are increasingly being loaded with heavy metals through various pollution sources such as agricultural activities mining and traffic. Onion bulb samples from the three senatorial zones that constitute to make up Katsina state in the North West of Nigeria were collected and the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni) in all the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The health risk assessment methods developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were employed to explore the potential health hazards of heavy metals in the samples on the children and adult population. The highest mean concentration (mg/kg) was observed for Fe, followed by Pb, Zn and Mn. While Cd has the lowest concentration with the heavy metals Cr and Ni being below detection level (BDL). Overall hazard index (Hi) for the heavy metals were within the safety limit. The overall cancer risk to the adults based on pseudo-total metal concentrations exceeded the target value, mainly contributed by Pb.  Mn and Zn were the primary heavy metals posing non-cancer risks while Pb caused the greatest cancer risk. It was concluded that consumption of the onion samples from Katsina State may contribute to the population cancer burden.

scholarly journals Trace Element Status and Environmental Implications of Soils and Zea mays from Farmed Dumpsites in the Bamenda Metropolis, North-West Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mofor Nelson Alakeh ◽  
Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang ◽  
Mbene Kenneth ◽  
Yuhinwenkeh Njumbo Blaise ◽  
Nchofua Festus Biosengazeh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
North West

This study assessed some physicochemical and trace element properties of soils and Zea mays from farmed dumpsites in the Bamenda metropolis, North-West Cameroon. The growth in population and metal workshops in Bamenda has resulted in the dumping of large quantities of wastes on agricultural soils. Thus, the fear of these agricultural soils and crops being contaminated by waste dumped on them is a call for concern because most of the populations rely on agriculture for survival. A soil and Zea mays sample each was collected from three farmed dumpsites (Nkwen, Mankon, and Bamendakwe) in the Bamenda metropolis and analyzed for physicochemical and trace element properties using standard procedures. The results of physicochemical analysis revealed that the soils had pH values ranging from 5.63 to 7.49, average organic matter, low total nitrogen, high C/N ratio, and high CEC, and the soil textural class was clay loam for soils of Nkwen and sandy loam for soils of Mankon and Bamendakwe. The content of bases in Zea mays was high compared to those in the soil. The concentration of Fe (14635.6 µg/g) in soils of Bamendakwe and Cu (157.17 µg/g) and Zn (1438.36 µg/g) in soils of Mankon had values which were above the permissible limit. The concentration of Zn (114.48 µg/g) in the plant sample of Mankon together with the concentration of Fe in all three plant samples had values above permissible limits. Natural origins and domestic waste were identified as the major sources of trace metals in the soils. Thus, there are potential health hazards related to consuming crops from such soils. Bioremediation techniques can be used to recover heavy metals from such soils. Furthermore, the mobilization of nutrient ions and immobilization of heavy metals by induced liming could be important in sustainable agricultural production and soil environmental protection of the soils studied.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution, Pollution Source, and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Depositions: A Case Study from the Sustainable City of Shijiazhuang, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kui Cai ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
Sanggyun Na
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Pb Isotope ◽  
Atmospheric Depositions ◽  
Skin Contact

Samples of atmospheric depositions from five types of functional areas in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, were collected, and the concentrations of six toxic heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn) were measured. Geographic information system, Pb isotope assessment, multivariate statistical analysis (principal component analysis, PCA), the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (PERI), and a health risk assessment model were used to study the degree of pollution, identify sources of pollution, and assess the health risks to children and adults via three pathways (hand–mouth intake, skin contact, and respiration). The results show that the high traffic volume and exhaust gas emissions have led to high concentrations of heavy metals. The Igeo and PERI values of Cd (0.38–2.0 and 108–4531, respectively), indicating the present high pollution level and potential risk, respectively, varied the most. Pb isotope and PCA showed that Pb, Zn, and Cd from atmospheric deposition come from power plants and traffic—Cu is related to traffic, and Ni and Cr come mainly from soil particles (natural source). The health risk assessment showed that heavy metals in atmospheric depositions are at a safe level in the study area.

scholarly journals Investigation of heavy metals concentration in soil around a Pb-Zn mine and ecological risk assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Baghaie ◽  
Forough Aghili
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Accumulation Index

Background: Soil pollution with heavy metals seriously threatens soil quality, food safety, and humanhealth. This study was conducted to determine the soil pollution level and ecological risk assessmentof different heavy metals in agricultural soils around Nakhlak Pb-Zn mine, located in Anarak district,Nain county of Isfahan province.Methods: A total of 50 soil samples were collected from agricultural land around Nakhlak mine andanalyzed to determine the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Mn. The geo-accumulation index(Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and potential ecological-risk index (Er) were used to assess the level ofsoil pollution with heavy metals.Results: The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Mn were 355, 2.72, 347, 26, 36, and505 mg/kg, respectively, which were higher than the background values of world soils. Based on theIgeo index, the study area was moderately to heavily contaminated with Pb and Zn, uncontaminated tomoderate contaminated with Cd and Cu, and uncontaminated with Mn and Ni. According to the EFvalues, the study soil was moderately contaminated with Mn, Ni, and Cu, significantly contaminatedwith Cd and Zn, and highly enriched with Pb. The RI values showed a moderate level of heavy metalscontamination in the study soil.Conclusion: According to the results, the ecological risk of heavy metals for ecosystem in agriculturallands around Nakhlak Pb-Zn mine is moderate. However, the contamination status should be consideredperiodically.

scholarly journals Implications and Significance of Mercury in Rice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
James R. Palmieri ◽  
Beverly Rzigalinski ◽  
Brooke Benjamin ◽  
Erin Collins ◽  
Gurleen Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Mercury Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Control Samples

Previous research on rice asserts certain heavy metals, like mercury, in the agricultural soils are incorporated into the rice plant. Mercury is considered to be the most toxic heavy metal. This study aims to investigate mercury levels in rice grown in the United States versus rice imported from Asia. In this study, 29 samples of rice were compared for mercury content (12 from Thailand, 6 from India, 6 from China, compared to 5 control samples from the USA). Samples ranged from 0.18 to 6.01 ng of element / g. Further research is needed to establish standards for mercury toxicity.

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