scholarly journals The Quality of Carrot after Field Biostimulant Application and after Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Pobereżny ◽  
Małgorzata Szczepanek ◽  
Elżbieta Wszelaczyńska ◽  
Piotr Prus
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Nitrite Content

The carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a staple vegetable in human nutrition in Europe. In recent years, the use of biostimulants in vegetable crops has become a way to affect the quantity and quality of yields. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the type and methods of biostimulant (natural seaweed extract Kelpak and synthetic Asahi) application on the nitrates and nitrites content in carrot roots after harvest and storage. The study was based on a strict field experiment with carrot cv. ′Karotan′, conducted in Poland (53°13′N; 17°51′E) in three successive growing seasons and after six months of storage (RH 95%, and air temperature +1 °C). The biostimulants were applied during the growing season in a foliar form. The content of NO3ˉ and NO2ˉ in carrot after harvest depended on the dose and the date of biostimulant application. The single application of biostimulant Kelpak as well as two times of Asahi had no effect on the nitrate and nitrite content, while the application of Kelpak in a total dose of 6 or 7 dm3 ha−1 increased them. The maximum intake of nitrates and nitrites following the harvest and storage was, respectively, 7.1, 2.3% and 6.7, 2.1% of the ADI.

scholarly journals Seasonal dynamics of methane emissions from a subarctic fen in the Hudson Bay Lowlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 4465-4479 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Hanis ◽  
M. Tenuta ◽  
B. D. Amiro ◽  
T. N. Papakyriakou
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Surface Soil Temperature ◽  
Filling Method ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract. Ecosystem-scale methane (CH4) flux (FCH4) over a subarctic fen at Churchill, Manitoba, Canada was measured to understand the magnitude of emissions during spring and fall shoulder seasons, and the growing season in relation to physical and biological conditions. FCH4 was measured using eddy covariance with a closed-path analyser in four years (2008–2011). Cumulative measured annual FCH4 (shoulder plus growing seasons) ranged from 3.0 to 9.6 g CH4 m−2 yr−1 among the four study years, with a mean of 6.5 to 7.1 g CH4 m−2 yr−1 depending upon gap-filling method. Soil temperatures to depths of 50 cm and air temperature were highly correlated with FCH4, with near-surface soil temperature at 5 cm most correlated across spring, fall, and the shoulder and growing seasons. The response of FCH4 to soil temperature at the 5 cm depth and air temperature was more than double in spring to that of fall. Emission episodes were generally not observed during spring thaw. Growing season emissions also depended upon soil and air temperatures but the water table also exerted influence, with FCH4 highest when water was 2–13 cm below and lowest when it was at or above the mean peat surface.

scholarly journals Microbial quality of linseed and fibre hemp plants during growing and harvest seasons

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KOIVULA ◽  
H-R. KYMÄLÄINEN ◽  
L. VANNE
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Microbiological Analyses

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and fi bre hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) can be used as raw materials in various applications. In this study, microbiological quality and meteorological measurements were made during the growing seasons and harvesting periods of 2001 and 2002. The microbiological analyses were carried out with Hygicult® TPC and Y&F dipslides, and with a surface spreading method using Plate Count and Potato Dextrose agars. During the growing season of 2001 the conditions were mostly humid, whereas the growing season of 2002 was rather dry and warmer than that of 2001. The lack of water during the growing season of 2002 affected the growth of the plants. In the case of both hemp and fl ax, the mould and bacterial contents (cfu gdw-1) increased markedly at the end of the growing season of 2001. During the growing season of 2002 the increase in mould and bacterial contents was noticeable but more constant throughout the whole growing season. At the end of the growing seasons, the mould and bacteria contents were higher in 2001 than in 2002. The genera of moulds identifi ed included Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium, Mucor and Alternaria. The microbiological safety should be controlled during the whole production chain, beginning with the cultivation and harvesting periods.;

scholarly journals New varieties of vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.) and prospects of their cultivation in southern Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Marina O. Burlyaeva ◽  
Mariya V. Gurkina ◽  
Pavel A. Chebukin ◽  
Irina N. Perchuk ◽  
Elena V. Miroshnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Far East ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
State Register

Relevance. Currently, there is an interest in this country in vegetable varieties of Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc. However, a small number of varieties adapted to different cultivation conditions prevents a wider distribution of this crop. The present work was aimed at creating new vegetable cowpea varieties adapted to the climatic conditions of southern regions of Russia.Materials and methods. The study was carried out in 1998-2018 in the Astrakhan Province (Astrakhan Experiment Station) and in 2012-2018 in Primorsky Territory (Far East Experiment Station). Vegetable cowpea accessions from the global VIR collection were studied.Results. Many years of breeding have resulted in creation of such varieties as ‘Astrakhanskaya krasavitsa’, ‘Kaspiyskaya zarya’, ‘Zhemchyuzhina Kaspiya’ and ‘Lyanchihe’, which were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2019. All varieties are characterized by earliness, high productivity, excellent quality of vegetable pods, high protein content in pods in the technical ripeness phase (29.5-33.5%), and by low demand to the soil fertility. ‘Zhemchyuzhina Kaspiya’, ‘Astrakhanskaya krasavitsa’ and ‘Kaspiyskaya zarya’ are tolerant to high temperatures, air drought and soil salinity. The growing season for these varieties lasts 62-68 days in the Astrakhan Province under irrigation, while technical ripeness of pods occurs in 46-50 days. The green pod yield is 16.1–28.2 t/ha and the seed yield is 1.91-2.71 t/ha. The ‘Lyanchihe’ variety tolerates humidity well; its growing season in southern Primorsky Territory is 97-110 days, and pods reach technical ripeness in 61-70 days. The green pod yield is 21.0-24.0 t/ha, and that of seeds is 2.38-2.64 t/ha. The released varieties will broaden the range of vegetable crops cultivated in this country and improve the quality of nutrition of the population.

scholarly journals Effects of pre- and postharvest factors on browning in Braeburn

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hatoum ◽  
K. Buts ◽  
M.L.A.T.M. Hertog ◽  
A.H. Geeraerd ◽  
A. Schenk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
And Storage

The effects of several pre- and postharvest factors on apple cv. Braeburn browning disorder (BBD) incidence using a nine-factor experimental design has been investigated. The design allowed the determination of the effects of single factors as well as their interaction with growing season and storage time. BBD increased in severity with storage duration. BBD incidence was reduced with calcium and potassium fertilizers application, while it was increased when triazoles were used. Delayed controlled atmosphere (DCA) application resulted in less BBD in storage, while treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) increased BBD incidence. More BBD was observed in fruit stored at above optimal CO<sub>2 </sub>levels. BBD incidence was increased when O<sub>2</sub> concentration in CA was increased from 1 kPa to 3 kPa (optimum CA) or 6 kPa. Finally, the various factors showed a different effect for different growing seasons and storage time. These findings suggest a possible mechanism for the development of BBD. Further work should focus on extending the experimental design to include the interactions between the different pre- and postharvest factors. &nbsp;

Soil Solarization Controls Broomrapes (Orobanchespp.) in Host Vegetable Crops in the Jordan Valley

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Abu-Irmaileh
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Solarization ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Tomato Field

The effectiveness of soil solarization with black (BPE) and clear polyethylene mulches (CPE), 0.04 and 0.06 mm thick, respectively, was tested during the 1986 to 1990 growing seasons for controlling Egyptian broomrape, hemp broomrape and nodding broomrape in heavily infested fields. Solarization for 6 wk reduced or eliminated broomrape infestation and improved crop yields. The CPE started to show splitting and deterioration after 4 to 5 wk of solarization. The BPE lasted in usable conditions throughout the growing season. Deep soil tillage with the hand hoe, after solarization, caused broomrape to reappear. Crops grew best in plots after solarization with BPE if they were planted through the same mulch after it was perforated. Soil solarization with BPE or CPE in large tomato field trials, completely eliminated both nodding and hemp broomrapes during the growing season. However, greenhouse pot experiments indicated that solarization significantly reduced weed seedling numbers, but did not significantly reduce the dry weights of the broomrape plants that emerged in the soil samples taken from solarized plots.

scholarly journals Changes in Broccoli Head Quality during Spring, Summer, and Fall, in Coastal South Carolina

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 754E-754
Author(s):  
Robert J. Dufault ◽  
Mark Farnham
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Bead Size ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Quality Production ◽  
Field Production

The objectives of this study were 1) to identify high-quality broccoli cultivars for field production in spring, summer, and fall seasons; and 2) to illustrate dynamic changes in head quality of promising cultivars for a particular growing season compared to head quality over all seasons evaluated. Twenty-four hybrid cultivars were grown in spring, summer, and fall growing seasons 1993 to 1995 included `Arcadia', `Baccus', `Bonanza', `Citation', `Claudia', `Early Dawn', `Embassy', `Emerald City', `Everest', `Exselsior', `Galaxy', `Galleon', `Goliath', `Green Comet', `Green Duke', `Leprechaun', `Packman', `Paragon', `Skiff', `Southern Comet', `Sprinter', `Sultan', `Symphony', and `Viking'. Head density, color, leafiness, and shape, bead size, and consumer use were documented. `Symphony' performed best in Spring 1993 and 1994, and only `Paragon' tolerated heat in Summer 1993 and 1994. Fall climate in coastal South Carolina is most conducive to high-quality production versus spring and summer seasons, with the following cultivars producing superior heads in both years: `Symphony', `Embassy', `Galleon', `Galaxy', `Sultan', and `Emerald City'. Quality defects for each cultivar in each inappropriate growing season will be illustrated.

scholarly journals Thermal conditions in Bydgoszcz Region in growing seasons of 2011–2050 in view of expected climate change/ Warunki termiczne w rejonie Bydgoszczy w okresie wegetacyjnym w latach 2011–2050 w świetle przewidywanej zmiany klimatu

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Bąk ◽  
Leszek Łabędzki
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Boundary Values ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The paper presents an analyse of the scenario of expected changes in monthly mean air temperature of months in the growing season (April-September) and growing seasons of 2011-2050 in Bydgoszcz Region. Prediction of thermal conditions is made using regional climate model RM5.1 with boundary values taken from global model ARPEGE. When compared with the reference period 1971-2000, an increase of mean air temperature should be expected in most months and growing seasons of the years 2011-2050. The biggest positive change in the mean monthly temperature is predicted for July (1.5°C) and August (1.2°C). In 2011-2050 significant increase trends of air temperature change can be expected in April, June and August. According to the thermal classification proposed by Lorenc, normal, slightly warm and slightly cool months and growing periods will dominate. The frequency of normal and slightly cool growing periods will decrease and the frequency of slightly warm growing periods will increase.

Environmental Effects on Absorption and Translocation of 2,4,5-T in Winged Elm

Weed Science ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene D. Wills ◽  
Eddie Basler
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Scintillation Counting ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Ulmus Alata

The absorption and translocation of foliarly applied14C-labeled (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4,5-T-1-14C) in winged elms (Ulmus alataMichx.) as affected by season of application, air temperature, and soil moisture were determined by autoradiography of bark samples and liquid scintillation counting of leaf tissue. Treatments at 3-week intervals throughout the growing season showed highly variable trends in absorption and translocation within and between growing seasons. Seasonal variations in the absorption of14C-2,4,5-T were similar to the variations in translocation. Translocation into the stem closely correlated with absorption into the leaves. Higher daily temperatures of 24 to 40 C appeared to enhance absorption and translocation. Variations in soil moisture showed little effect on absorption; whereas, a decrease in soil moisture reduced translocation from leaves to roots.

scholarly journals Thermal growing season in Poland calculated by two different methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kępińska-Kasprzak ◽  
Przemysław Mager
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Graphical Method ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Comparative Results

Abstract Methods of identifying dates of passing determined threshold value are of significant importance in the study of thermal growing seasons. The difficulty to determine dates of beginning and end of growing season in a given year stems from the fact that daily mean air temperature changes irregularly on a day-to-day basis often crossing the threshold value (i.e. 5°C) multiple times. The most frequently used method to identify dates of threshold value crossing is the mathematical or graphical method proposed by Gumiński in 1950 which based on monthly mean air temperature values. In the 1970s, Huculak and Makowiec presented a method using daily mean values of air temperature. It is assumed that both methods give comparative results although calculations of daily mean air temperature render more accurate results. This paper presents the comparison of these two methods. Air temperatures measurements from 1966–2005 taken at 38 weather stations located in various physiographic conditions in Poland were used.

scholarly journals The role of fertilization practices in the yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.)

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-360
Author(s):  
Aino-Maija Evers
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Positive Effects

The influence of different fertilization practices on the growth, yield and inner quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.) was studied. The field experiments were carried out in Southern Finland, on the experimental farm of Kemira Oy, in 1985 and 1986. Unirrigated and irrigated placement and broadcast fertilization, NPK fertirrigations without or with basic fertilization, and PK placement with N fertirrigations were compared. Placement and broadcast fertilizations were carried out by single application, whereas NPK or N fertirrigations were performed as split applications. The highest yields were obtained when the total phytomass production was high. The yield increased by the placement of NPK fertilizer as compared to broadcast fertilization, and by the placement of P and K as compared to treatments where P and K were broadcasted or fertirrigated. The PK placement with N fertirrigations increased the root dry matter content as compared to NPK fertirrigations. The lowest NO3-N contents of roots were obtained by unirrigated placement fertilization. NPK fertirrigations caused higher root NO3-N contents than any other fertilization practice, and irrigation as such increased the NO3-N contents. Root N and P contents were increased by placement of PK or NPK fertilizers, but fertilization practices had no effects on K, Mg and Ca contents. Single application increased ash and dietary fibre contents as compared to split applications. In conclusion, the placement of NPK or PK fertilizers had positive effects on the above mentioned quality criteria and yield, and thus in future research and in commercial vegetable production these fertilization practices should be utilized. Fertilization practices had no or only slight effects on the carotene and sugar contents, taste, texture and the quality of stored carrots. Carotene content increased as the growing season progressed, and was 41 % higher in the climatically more favourable year 1986 than in 1985. Total sugar contents were higher in the climatically less favourable year 1985 and in unfertilized treatments than in 1986 and in fertilized treatments. It was hypothesized that carrot sugar contents are related to growth and total phytomass production. The indicative results showed that the NPK fertirrigations without basic fertilization had a slight positive effect on carrot taste and texture as compared to placement fertilization but, on the other hand, the NPK fertirrigations without basic fertilization showed a tendency to impair the storage ability as compared to single application. In conclusion, carotene and sugar contents are strongly influenced by genotype and climate and thus it is logical that the effects of fertilization practices remained slight. The results of carrot taste do not allow any final conclusions to be drawn; further investigation on the subject is needed.

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