scholarly journals Showcasing Relationships between Neighborhood Design and Wellbeing Toronto Indicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shaker ◽  
Joseph Aversa ◽  
Victoria Papp ◽  
Bryant Serre ◽  
Brian Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Landscape Configuration ◽  
Public Data

Cities are the keystone landscape features for achieving sustainability locally, regionally, and globally. With the increasing impacts of urban expansion eminent, policymakers have encouraged researchers to advance or invent methods for managing coupled human–environmental systems associated with local and regional sustainable development planning. Although progress has been made, there remains no universal instrument for attaining sustainability on neither regional nor local planning scales. Previous sustainable urbanization studies have revealed that landscape configuration metrics can supplement other measures of urban well-being, yet few have been included in public data dashboards or contrasted against local well-being indicators. To advance this sector of sustainable development planning, this study had three main intentions: (1) to produce a foundational suite of landscape ecology metrics from the 2007 land cover dataset for the City of Toronto; (2) to visualize and interpret spatial patterns of neighborhood streetscape patch cohesion index (COHESION), Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), and four Wellbeing Toronto indicators across the 140 Toronto neighborhoods; (3) to quantitatively assess the global collinearity and local explanatory power of the well-being and landscape measures showcased in this study. One-hundred-and-thirty landscape ecology metrics were computed: 18 class configuration metrics across seven land cover categories and four landscape diversity metrics. Anselin Moran’s I-test was used to illustrate significant spatial patterns of well-being and landscape indicators; Pearson’s correlation and conditional autoregressive (CAR) statistics were used to evaluate relationships between them. Spatial “hot-spots” and/or “cold-spots” were found in all streetscape variables. Among other interesting results, Walk Score® was negatively related to both tree canopy and grass/shrub connectedness, signifying its lack of consideration for the quality of ecosystem services and environmental public health—and subsequently happiness—during its proximity assessment of socioeconomic amenities. In sum, landscape ecology metrics can provide cost-effective ecological integrity addendum to existing and future urban resilience, sustainable development, and well-being monitoring programs.

scholarly journals Determine the Land-Use Land-Cover Changes, Urban Expansion and Their Driving Factors for Sustainable Development in Gazipur Bangladesh

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1353
Author(s):  
Hossain Mohammad Arifeen ◽  
Khamphe Phoungthong ◽  
Ali Mostafaeipour ◽  
Nuttaya Yuangyai ◽  
Chumpol Yuangyai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Urbanized Area

At present, urbanization is a very common phenomenon around the world, especially in developing countries, and has a significant impact on the land-use/land-cover of specific areas, producing some unwanted effects. Bangladesh is a tightly inhabited country whose urban population is increasing every day due to the expansion of infrastructure and industry. This study explores the land-use/land-cover change detection and urban dynamics of Gazipur district, Bangladesh, a newly developed industrial hub and city corporation, by using satellite imagery covering every 10-year interval over the period from 1990 to 2020. Supervised classification with a maximum likelihood classifier was used to gather spatial and temporal information from Landsat 5 (TM), 7 (ETM+) and 8 (OLI/TIRS) images. The Geographical Information System (GIS) methodology was also employed to detect changes over time. The kappa coefficient ranged between 0.75 and 0.90. The agricultural land was observed to be shrinking very rapidly, with an area of 716 km2 in 2020. Urbanization increased rapidly in this area, and the urban area grew by more than 500% during the study period. The urbanized area expanded along major roads such as the Dhaka–Mymensingh Highway and Dhaka bypass road. The urbanized area was, moreover, concentrated near the boundary line of Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. Urban expansion was found to be influenced by demographic-, economic-, location- and accessibility-related factors. Therefore, similarly to many countries, concrete urban and development policies should be formulated to preserve the environment and, thereby, achieve sustainable development goal (SDG) 11 (sustainable cities and communities).

Implications of urban expansion on land use and land cover: towards sustainable development of Mega Manila, Philippines

GeoJournal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binaya Kumar Mishra ◽  
Kafungwa Mebeelo ◽  
Shamik Chakraborty ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Arjun Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Expansion

scholarly journals Strategic priorities for development of housing construction and renovation sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 05010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Voskresenskaya ◽  
Lybov Vorona-Slivinskaya ◽  
Lybov Achba
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Working Capacity

The article highlights the problem of sustainable development of the living environment and living standards of the population, which is rather relevant for the governments of most developed countries including Russia. In recent years, the anthropogenic impact of aggressive external medium on the quality of human life increases, which reduces the working capacity of citizens and consequently lowers their labor productivity. The implementation of «Concept for the Transition of the Russian Federation to Sustainable Development», which was elaborated and adopted in 1996, implies a gradual transition to the balanced solution of pressing social and economic issues and problems that concern preserving natural resources in order to meet the needs of present and future generations. The authors emphasized the need for a scientific-theoretical and methodological substantiation of preparing the strategic priorities of the housing development planning with a focus on creating competitive residential housing and renovation projects. The authors note that the greening of housing construction and renovation industry helps to ensure high living standards and contributes not only to improving human well-being and increasing person’s lifetime but also enhances his or her working capacity and labor productivity. The elaboration of strategic priorities of the housing industry development involves the consideration of current challenges of the national economy.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Health and Well-Being of People with Chronic Diseases: Assessment and Sustainable Development Planning for Therapeutic Landscapes after Urban Expansion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lin Mei ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Bo-Wei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Therapeutic Landscapes ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
East Lake ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
The East Lake

Under the influence of economic, environmental, and social structural changes, urban space expands and contracts to varying degrees and the everyday urban landscape changes in response. Over the past 20 years, a large number of cities in China have undergone a brief but rapid urban expansion and are moving toward shrinking cities. Most of these cities are now facing social problems such as an aging population and a high prevalence of chronic diseases. Therefore, the “therapeutic” role and impact of everyday landscapes in these cities need to be examined in the context of urban development processes through appropriate assessment methods. Therefore, this study applies the ANP-mV model to examine the therapeutic nature of everyday urban landscapes in different development periods, with the aim of enhancing the health and well-being of people with chronic diseases. Firstly, this study uses the city of Jinzhou in Northeast China as an example to develop a framework for assessing the therapeutic nature of everyday urban landscapes based on the health care needs of people with chronic diseases; secondly, it examines the therapeutic nature of the former Jinzhou Suburban Riverfront Forest Park as it has developed and evolved over the past 16 years; finally, it explores place-making and regeneration strategies for therapeutic landscapes from the perspectives of dynamic impact and sustainable development to enhance chronic illness patients’ well-being. At the theoretical level, this study contributes by providing a methodology and research ideas for examining the “therapeutic” nature of everyday urban landscapes and proposing further development plans for renewal, constructing a framework for assessing therapeutic landscapes, and elucidating the relationship between networks of influence and the relative importance of various assessment dimensions/elements. At the practical application level, the contribution of this study is to provide local policymakers with a key decision basis for the future development planning of the East Lake Forest Park. The aim is to explore landscape creation and regeneration strategies for the East Lake Forest Park in the context of Jinzhou's progressive move toward a shrinking city, in order to sustain the well-being of the chronically ill.

scholarly journals A mega-index for the Americas and its underlying sustainable development correlations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ross Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators

Indicators and their composite indices have been embraced as development tools for guiding humanity toward a sustainable destination. In response, public and private organizations have generated hundreds of these metrics, making their application overwhelming to policymakers, planners, and scientists. Past reviews have revealed that a majority of common development indices have theoretical or quantitative shortcomings, supporting that there is no consensus regarding their theoretical basis, design, use, thresholds-of-effect, or validation. In response, this study was designed around four guiding research questions: (i) What are the underlying development themes within a collection of established sustainability indices, and what distinguishes winning locations from losing ones? (ii) Are the three major divisions of sustainability (economic growth, social equity, environmental integrity) equally represented by current sustainable development measuring initiatives? (iii) Could just a few common and freely available indicators capture all present dimensions of sustainable development? (iv) Would a new sustainable development mega-index research paradigm improve humanity’s ability to assess progress toward sustainability? Those questions were investigated using data from 30 mostly contiguous Western Hemisphere nations and three amassing methodological objectives. First, 31 known indices were reduced into underlying dimensions (factors) of sustainable development. Next, those factors were combined (aggregated) into the first mega-index of sustainable development (MISD). Finally, 11 common development indicators were explored regarding collinearity and explanatory power of the sustainable development dimensions and MISD. Seven latent dimensions (sub-metrics) captured over 85% of the variation of the original 31 indices, with socioeconomic themes dwarfing environmental ones. The factors conveyed: (F1) socioeconomic well-being synergies; (F2) economic freedom and democracy; (F3) environmentally efficient happiness; (F4) ecosystem wellbeing; (F5) peace to economic vulnerability tradeoff; (F6) natural resources protection; and (F7) environmental stewardship and risk resilience. MISD is the geometric mean of the seven sub-metrics,which were directed toward sustainability, and rescaled (normalized) 0 (worst case) to 100 (best case). Geographically, this study ranked Belize best overall, followed by Guyana, Panama, Uruguay, and Canada; Barbados ranked worst, preceded by Haiti, Trinidad and Tobago, Mexico, and Cuba. Winning countries were characterized by low population density, increased forestland, decreased urban, and larger country area. Child mortality and population growth rate remained negative predictors of socioeconomic conditions; however per-capita CO2 sacrificed ecological integrity for improved human well-being. Mega-index creation will serve as an important scientific stepping-stone for improving accuracy and simplifying valuations of sustainable development, thus others should follow.

scholarly journals Understanding Land Changes for Sustainable Environmental Management: The Case of Basilicata Region (Southern Italy)

Pollutants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-233
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cillis ◽  
Biagio Tucci ◽  
Valentina Santarsiero ◽  
Gabriele Nolè ◽  
Antonio Lanorte
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Basilicata Region

Sustainable land management is one of the key actions for the achievement of objectives set by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In particular, land represents a fundamental resource to address issues of climate change, biodiversity preservation, maintaining ecosystem services, and at the same time ensuring shared prosperity and well-being. Therefore, it is necessary to activate strategies to monitor changes in land use and land cover in order to evaluate strategies for proper management. To do this, the new open source geospatial analysis tools and the increasing availability of remote sensed open data can allow the activation of methodologies for monitoring changes in land use and land cover in order to provide data usable in other research areas or, for example, to implement a decision support system for environmental sustainability. In this study, a GIS approach based on open remote sensing data has been used to perform a spatial analysis of land cover changes within the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) that is spatially expeditious yet accurate. The results showed a very evident land transformation with important repercussions on the environmental components. The ease of use of techniques makes this methodology replicable in other territory and can be used as a preliminary approach to sustainable development model.

Living Wall (Vertical Greening): Benefits and Threats

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Rakhshandehroo ◽  
Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof ◽  
Roozbeh Arabi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Living Wall ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Vertical Greening ◽  
Indoor Comfort

Sustainable development demands a significant approach between architecture and the environment. During the challenge of climate change, energy crisis and urban expansion, a new approach is required to address environmental problems and one of these approaches is vertical greening that can be categorized into green facade and living wall.Living wall systems (LWS) consist of plants and partly growing materials that have a number of beneficial functions, for example: increasing the outdoor and indoor comfort, ecological value, biodiversity, insulation properties, improvement of air quality mitigation of the urban heat island phenomenon, and psychological and social well-being of citizens. This paper focuses on different types of living wall systems as a method of sustainable development and their opportunities and threats were discussed.

scholarly journals A mega-index for the Americas and its underlying sustainable development correlations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ross Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators

Indicators and their composite indices have been embraced as development tools for guiding humanity toward a sustainable destination. In response, public and private organizations have generated hundreds of these metrics, making their application overwhelming to policymakers, planners, and scientists. Past reviews have revealed that a majority of common development indices have theoretical or quantitative shortcomings, supporting that there is no consensus regarding their theoretical basis, design, use, thresholds-of-effect, or validation. In response, this study was designed around four guiding research questions: (i) What are the underlying development themes within a collection of established sustainability indices, and what distinguishes winning locations from losing ones? (ii) Are the three major divisions of sustainability (economic growth, social equity, environmental integrity) equally represented by current sustainable development measuring initiatives? (iii) Could just a few common and freely available indicators capture all present dimensions of sustainable development? (iv) Would a new sustainable development mega-index research paradigm improve humanity’s ability to assess progress toward sustainability? Those questions were investigated using data from 30 mostly contiguous Western Hemisphere nations and three amassing methodological objectives. First, 31 known indices were reduced into underlying dimensions (factors) of sustainable development. Next, those factors were combined (aggregated) into the first mega-index of sustainable development (MISD). Finally, 11 common development indicators were explored regarding collinearity and explanatory power of the sustainable development dimensions and MISD. Seven latent dimensions (sub-metrics) captured over 85% of the variation of the original 31 indices, with socioeconomic themes dwarfing environmental ones. The factors conveyed: (F1) socioeconomic well-being synergies; (F2) economic freedom and democracy; (F3) environmentally efficient happiness; (F4) ecosystem wellbeing; (F5) peace to economic vulnerability tradeoff; (F6) natural resources protection; and (F7) environmental stewardship and risk resilience. MISD is the geometric mean of the seven sub-metrics,which were directed toward sustainability, and rescaled (normalized) 0 (worst case) to 100 (best case). Geographically, this study ranked Belize best overall, followed by Guyana, Panama, Uruguay, and Canada; Barbados ranked worst, preceded by Haiti, Trinidad and Tobago, Mexico, and Cuba. Winning countries were characterized by low population density, increased forestland, decreased urban, and larger country area. Child mortality and population growth rate remained negative predictors of socioeconomic conditions; however per-capita CO2 sacrificed ecological integrity for improved human well-being. Mega-index creation will serve as an important scientific stepping-stone for improving accuracy and simplifying valuations of sustainable development, thus others should follow.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Action in Rural Development Planning through Rural Tourism: Ayacucho a Case Study (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ruben Stratta Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The People ◽  
Potential Conditions

This paper explores multifunctionality in rural areas. To plan a sustainable development based on rural tourism, we performed a study about the potential conditions of the Ayacucho rural community. A methodology based on Working With People (WWP) model was applied to that end. This iniciative is supported by four principles: respect and primacy for the people, a guarantee of social well being and a sustainable development, bottom-up planning, and an endogenous approach; and also by a horizontal community engagement which allow to identify key factors for regional development and to reach consensus about priorities and future action plans.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico básico do sistema de drenagem em Piumhi com aplicação de modelagem GIS

ForScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e00871
Author(s):  
Gabriel Soares Silva ◽  
Germano de Oliveira Mattosinho
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Gis Modeling ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Water Volumes

O padrão de urbanização brasileiro convergiu para uma infraestrutura inconsistente e seus problemas crônicos são históricos devido à expansão urbana nos entornos dos mananciais. Dentro desses desafios, surge a oportunidade para inserção de conceitos de Engenharia para sanar essas deficiências. Neste estudo, no município de Piumhi/Minas Gerais, observa-se que os impactos socioambientais, ocasionados por meio do crescimento populacional desordenado e corroborado com uma antiga infraestrutura, levaram alguns pontos localizados no município a não ter capacidade de suporte nos volumes de água escoadas superficialmente nos períodos chuvosos. Definiu-se locais de análises, no entorno do Campus avançado IFMG, onde estes convergem para o exutório localizado na Ponte do Ribeirão do Corte, escoando águas pluviais das vias Amazonas e José Alvarenga, classificadas como coletora e arterial, respectivamente. O estudo a seguir pauta-se na utilização de uma metodologia aplicável, o qual confeccionará mapa cartográfico através de dados públicos em hidrografia e coleta de informações in loco, fazendo geoprocessamento em ambiente GIS de software livre, o que facilita sua reprodução nos setores públicos. O trabalho fornece elementos de dimensionamentos e hipóteses, para tomada de decisão dos gestores buscando uma melhoria do sistema de drenagem da região e trazendo conhecimento ao público local, os modelos contemporâneos de administração pública, partindo do preceito de uma Smart City, ou seja, com a utilização tecnologia para monitoramento, como possível no QGIS. Desse modo, o município estará preparado para atender suas demandas de crescimento populacional, minimizando gastos com obras emergências no ponto econômico e melhor bem-estar aos munícipes. Palavras-chave: Infraestrutura. Rede de drenagem. Smart city.   Basic diagnosis of the drainage system in Piumhi with GIS modeling application Abstract The Brazilian urbanization pattern converged to an inconsistent infrastructure and its chronic problems are historical due to the urban expansion around the springs. Within these challenges, there is an opportunity to insert engineering concepts to remedy these deficiencies. In this study, in the municipality of Piumhi/Minas Gerais, it is observed that the socioenvironmental, impacts caused, through the disordered population growth and corroborated with an old infrastructure, led some points located in the municipality to not have the capacity to support the drained water volumes. superficially in rainy periods. Analysis sites were defined around the advanced IFMG campus, where they converge to the exutory located on the Ribeirão do Corte Bridge, draining rainwater from the Amazonas and José Alvarenga roads, classified as collector and arterial, respectively. The following study is based on the use of an applicable methodology, which will make a cartographic map using public data in hydrography and information collection in loco, doing geoprocessing in a free software GIS environment, which facilitates its reproduction in the public sectors. The work provides elements of dimensioning and hypotheses, for decision-making by managers seeking to improve the drainage system in the region and bringing knowledge to the local, public about contemporary models of public administration, based on the precept of a Smart City, that is, with the use technology for monitoring, as possible in QGIS. In this way, the municipality will be prepared to meet its population growth demands, minimizing expenses with emergency works at the economic point and better well-being for residents. Keywords: Infrastructure. Drainage system. Smart city.

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