scholarly journals How Farmers Make Investment Decisions: Evidence from a Farmer Survey in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangjin Wang ◽  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Xiaowei Liu ◽  
Maggie Foley
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Output Elasticity ◽  
The Cost

Based on the grain production data hand collected in Mid-East China, a multinomial Logit model was employed to analyze factors that are critical to farmers’ investment decisions in food production. Reasonable explanations are provided to help understand differences between expected farmers’ investments in grain production and the actual results. It was found that the cost of machinery and the number of farmers is key factors affecting farmers’ willingness to adjust investment. Further research shows that most of the farmers who had the willingness to adjust investment did not implement the adjustments in the short-term. From the micro-adaptability expectation perspective, the time that it takes to adjust the planting area could explain farmers’ investment adjustment intention and the behavior. From the macro-investment perspective, short-term output elasticity of physical capital is less than long-term output elasticity. The differences between farmers’ willingness to invest and the actual results are therefore generated. These findings suggest that it is necessary to strengthen the application of big data technology in agriculture in order to improve the platforms’ efficiency in data releasing and reaching out to farmers to provide more accurate advice regarding investment adjustment.

Factors affecting the future of the Scottish hydrometric network

1987 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Poodle
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Data Standards ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Minor Extent

ABSTRACTThe Scottish Hydrometric Network consists of a number of river gauging stations which have been located at sites considered suitable to provide long term flow records. Economic recession has placed some stress on the gauging programme, and has given rise to extensive closures of gauging stations in England and, to a minor extent so far, in Scotland. The way in which the network became established provides a mixture of strengths and weaknesses which could have unpredictable consequences in an adverse economic climate. Changing technology provides some opportunity to reduce the cost of data acquisition and improve the deployment of manpower, while maintaining data standards. In these changing circumstances, particularly with extensive use of computer systems, it is important that standards are established for data returned to the Water Archive and that the network is not allowed to degenerate by default.

scholarly journals Methods to Prevent Future Severe Animal Welfare Problems Caused by COVID-19 in the Pork Industry

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Temple Grandin
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Third Party Auditing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Welfare

In the U.S., the most severe animal welfare problems caused by COViD-19 were in the pork industry. Thousands of pigs had to be destroyed on the farm due to reduced slaughter capacity caused by ill workers. In the future, both short-term and long-term remedies will be needed. In the short-term, a portable electrocution unit that uses scientifically validated electrical parameters for inducing instantaneous unconsciousness, would be preferable to some of the poor killing methods. A second alternative would be converting the slaughter houses to carcass production. This would require fewer people to process the same number of pigs. The pandemic revealed the fragility of large centralized supply chains. A more distributed supply chain with smaller abattoirs would be more robust and less prone to disruption, but the cost of pork would be greater. Small abattoirs can coexist with large slaughter facilities if they process pigs for specialized premium markets such as high welfare pork. The pandemic also had a detrimental effect on animal welfare inspection and third party auditing programs run by large meat buyers. Most in-person audits in the slaughter plants were cancelled and audits were done by video. Video audits should never completely replace in-person audits.

Does salience matter in investment decision?

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1894-1912
Author(s):  
Samra Chaudary
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
Money Managers ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The paper takes a behavioral approach by making use of the prospect theory to unveil the impact of salience on short-term and long-term investment decisions. This paper aims to investigate the group differences for two types of investors’ groups, i.e. individual investors and professional investors. Design/methodology/approach The study uses partial least square-based structural equation modeling technique, measurement invariance test and multigroup analysis test on a unique data set of 277 active equity traders which included professional money managers and individual investors. Findings Results showed that salience has a significant positive impact on both short-term and long-term investment decisions. The impact was almost 1.5 times higher for long-term investment decision as compared to short-term decision. Furthermore, multigroup analysis revealed that the two groups (individual investors and professional investors) were statistically significantly different from each other. Research limitations/implications The study has implications for financial regulators, money managers and individual investors as it was found that individual investors suffer more with salience heuristic and may end up with sub-optimal portfolios due to inefficient diversification. Thus, investors should be cautious in fully relying on salience and avoid such bias to improve investment returns. Practical implications The study concludes with a discussion of policy and regulatory implications on how to minimize salience bias to achieve optimum and diversified portfolios. Originality/value The study has significantly contributed to the growing body of applied behavioral research in the discipline of finance.

scholarly journals Forecasting Australian port throughput: Lessons and Pitfalls in the era of Big Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
soumya banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Port Development ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Port Throughput ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Modelling And Forecasting

Modelling and forecasting port throughput enables stakeholders to make efficient decisions ranging from management of port development, to infrastructure investments, operational restructuring and tariffs policy. Accurate forecasting of port throughput is also critical for long-term resource allocation and short-term strategic planning. In turn, efficient decision-making enhances the competitiveness of a port. However, in the era of big data we are faced with the enviable dilemma of having too much information. We pose the question: is more information always better for forecasting? We suggest that more information comes at the cost of more parameters of the forecasting model that need to be estimated. We comparemultiple forecasting models of varying degrees of complexity and quantify the effect of the amount of data on model forecasting accuracy. Our methodology serves as a guideline for practitioners in this field. We also enjoin caution that even in the era of big data more information may not always be better. It would be advisable for analysts to weigh the costs of adding more data: the ultimate decision would depend on the problem, amount of data and the kind of models being used.

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis under the DSM Model of Green Lighting

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Yanjiang GONG ◽  
Jiang LI ◽  
Wenshuang YU ◽  
Runbing YANG ◽  
Tiejun ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Association Rules ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Subsidy Rate ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
The Cost

Based on the concept of DSM and the requirements of the demonstration project, the DSM model of green lighting was studied, carrying out the cost-benefit analysis. Combining the characteristics of the demonstration area, first of all, the cost-benefit of different interest subjects was analyzed. Secondly, the association rules algorithm was analyzed in detail, and the cost-benefit was analyzed by the association rules algorithm. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the key factors, affecting the cost and benefit of each interest subject, was done by using the algorithm. And it is concluded that the user subsidy rate and consumer electricity price are the key factors that affect the userТs willingness to use green lighting technology and power grid enterprises to implement DSM measures.

scholarly journals Analysis of Prognostic Factors Affecting Short-term and Long-term Outcomes of Gastric Cancer Resection

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 3523-3534
Author(s):  
PIOTR KULIG ◽  
PRZEMYSŁAW NOWAKOWSKI ◽  
MAREK SIERZĘGA ◽  
RADOSŁAW PACH ◽  
OLIWIA MAJEWSKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cancer Resection ◽  
Gastric Cancer Resection

What money can’t buy: an argument against paying people to get vaccinated

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2021-107235
Author(s):  
Nancy S Jecker
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Healthy Communities ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Better Than

This paper considers the proposal to pay people to get vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The first section introduces arguments against the proposal, including less intrusive alternatives, unequal effects on populations and economic conditions that render payment more difficult to refuse. The second section considers arguments favouring payment, including arguments appealing to health equity, consistency, being worth the cost, respect for autonomy, good citizenship, the ends justifying the means and the threat of mutant strains. The third section spotlights long-term and short-term best practices that can build trust and reduce ‘vaccine hesitancy’ better than payment. The paper concludes that people who, for a variety of reasons, are reluctant to vaccinate should be treated like adults, not children. Despite the urgency of getting shots into arms, we should set our sights on the long-term goals of strong relationships and healthy communities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of installation effects on set-up of field displacement piles in sand

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Anusic ◽  
Barry M. Lehane ◽  
Gudmund R. Eiksund ◽  
Morten A. Liingaard
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Impact Frequency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Installation Effects ◽  
Field Displacement ◽  
Small Influence ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Shaft Friction

The paper presents results from a new series of tests on displacement piles in sand, involving different installation modes, and combines these with results from previous tests at the same site as well as with test data at two other well-investigated sand sites to provide fresh insights into factors affecting “short-term” capacity and set-up of shaft friction. It is shown that the shaft capacity measured shortly after installation reduces systematically with the logarithm of the number of impact blows or jacking increments per unit shaft area imparted during installation. However, the degree of set-up of shaft friction for piles increases with an increase in the number of blows, and piles installed using a large number of blows can attain highest “long-term” shaft capacities, despite having the lowest short-term capacity. The tests indicated that the driving impact frequency had a relatively small influence on shaft friction, while piles installed by vibration attain short-term capacities comparable to driven impact piles, but showed negative set-up.

scholarly journals The Main Drivers for Sustainable Decisions in a Family Business That Impact the Company’s Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8659
Author(s):  
Adriana Cioca ◽  
Kassam Wehbe ◽  
Delia Popescu ◽  
Constanta Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Operation

The successful ways in which families have conducted their businesses decade after decade have drawn scholars’ attention to what the mainstream ideas are when it comes to making sustainable decisions. This article focuses on the main drivers behind sustainable decisions made by family businesses with respect to three pillars: economic, environmental, and social. In this context, the authors’ aim is to present a statistical model for forecasting companies’ future revenue in the next financial year by analyzing the relationship between the main internal drivers of family businesses and their corresponding financial objectives. Additionally, the analysis of the long-term strategy and the short-term actions indicates an understanding of environmental awareness. Reaction time in investment decisions represents a challenge for the sustainable performance of family companies. Human resources with good operation management in family businesses contribute to the assurance of long-term business stability and high returns on investments. The results will contribute to the literature on economic sustainability of family businesses.

Key factors affecting long-term penetration of global onshore wind energy integrating top-down and bottom-up approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hancheng Dai ◽  
Diego Silva Herran ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimori ◽  
Toshihiko Masui
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Factors Affecting
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