scholarly journals Environmental Impact of the High Concentrator Photovoltaic Thermal 2000x System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7213
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Shittu ◽  
Maria Kolokotroni ◽  
Valentina Stojceska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Impact Category ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Iso 14044 ◽  
Direct Normal Irradiance

High Concentrator Photovoltaic Thermal (HCPV/T) systems produce both electrical and thermal energy and they are efficient in areas with high Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI). This paper estimates the lifecycle environmental impact of the HCPV/T 2000x system for both electrical and thermal functionalities. Process-based attributional method following the guidelines and framework of ISO 14044/40 was used to conduct the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The midpoint and endpoint impact categories were studied. It was found that the main hotspots are the production of the thermal energy system contributing with 50% and 55%, respectively, followed by the production of the tracking system with 29% and 32% and the operation and maintenance with 13% and 7%. The main contributor to the lifecycle environmental impact category indicators was found to be the raw materials acquisition/production and manufacturing of the thermal energy and tracking systems. The results indicate that the lifecycle environmental impact of the HCPV/T 2000x system is lower compared to fuel-based Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and non-Renewable Energy Sources (non-RES) systems.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Evaluation of Interconnected Nuclear-Renewable Micro Hybrid Energy Systems with Combined Heat and Power

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam A. Gabbar ◽  
Muhammad R. Abdussami ◽  
Md. Ibrahim Adham
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Systems ◽  
The Impact

Renewable energy sources (RESs) play an indispensable role in sustainable advancement by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Nevertheless, due to the shortcomings of RESs, an energy mix with RESs is required to support the baseload and to avoid the effects of RES variability. Fossil fuel-based thermal generators (FFTGs), like diesel generators, have been used with RESs to support the baseload. However, using FFTGs with RESs is not a good option to reduce GHG emissions. Hence, the small-scale nuclear power plant (NPPs), such as the micro-modular reactor (MMR), have become a modern alternative to FFTGs. In this paper, the authors have investigated five different hybrid energy systems (HES) with combined heat and power (CHP), named ‘conventional small-scale fossil fuel-based thermal energy system,’ ‘small-scale stand-alone RESs-based energy system,’ ‘conventional small-scale fossil fuel-based thermal and RESs-based HES,’ ‘small-scale stand-alone nuclear energy system,’ and ‘nuclear-renewable micro hybrid energy system (N-R MHES),’ respectively, in terms of net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE), and GHG emissions. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to identify the impact of the different variables on the systems. The results reveal that the N-R MHES could be the most suitable scheme for decarbonization and sustainable energy solutions.

scholarly journals CONCEPT OF EFFICIENT REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN UKRAINE’S ENERGY SECTOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Oleksandr SERDIUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Economic Point

Ukraine’s energy system, namely the sector of thermal energy, is the country’s largest producer of greenhouse gas emissions nowadays. Given the significant contribution of Ukraine’s energy sector to the nationwide producing greenhouse gas emissions, the need for its restructuring is becoming increasingly obvious from an economic point of view. However, the lack of economic incentives for private parties and the limited financial capacity of the public sector hamper the implementation of appropriate measures. Given that the natural economic incentives for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the private sector in the energy sector (80% of the thermal energy sector belongs to the private sector) can only arise in the event of a change in the energy market situation, this raises the question of how to effectively use the limited financial resources of the state for such needs. In view of this, the concept of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Ukraine’s energy sector is developed, which should be implemented in three stages: (i) the optimization of electricity generation at the TPPs by bringing the load to the maximum and relatively efficient levels, at which the largest amount of energy will be generated per unit of greenhouse gas emissions; (ii) clustering of TPPs into two groups by the performance indicators of operation: the identifying relatively efficient TPPs to be modernized; (iii) ranking of relatively inefficient TPPs by priority for replacement with renewable energy sources. To identify the enterprises in relation to which the proposed measures should be applied, the software is developed, which will determine the relevant information by analyzing the data characterizing the activity of enterprises.

scholarly journals Assessment And Feasibility Analysis Of Off-Grid Solar PV- Pico Hydro Hybrid System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2461-2464
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
River System ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Run Of River

As hydropower is one of the commonly available renewable energy sources, so it is experiencing a development in the large part of the world. Pico hydropower is used as a distributed system based renewable energy system meant for rural or remote area load . It is, hence, of most significant to propose an effective methodology to assure the better making reimbursement of a combined Pico hydro system with solar pv system. The proposed method mainly estimates the feasible of installing Pico hydropower in a run-of river. The Methodologies to assess the feasibility and sustainability of such mechanism were depicted. The orderly designing of plant is defined by considering some optimal technological method that considers the dimension of components plus the estimation of the gross energy generation. Economical plus Technical data studies performed to examine the profitability and practicability of the system. This planned method can be examined as a study and the feasibility of developing a PHP in a run of river system is possible. The environmental impact on fixing this plant measured and possibly reduced. This results obtained are demonstrated for already existing infrastructure and analyzed that the cost can be reduced by using an optimized model. A simulation result has obtained the financial expand is more by the technique used for the combine hydro-PV hybrid system. In Addition to the environmental impact and effect an analysis has exposed that yearly more than 200 tons of carbon emission is reduced by producing clean and green liveliness by means of the environmental and ecological solution.

scholarly journals Enabling Technologies for Sector Coupling: A Review on the Role of Heat Pumps and Thermal Energy Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8195
Author(s):  
Omais Abdur Rehman ◽  
Valeria Palomba ◽  
Andrea Frazzica ◽  
Luisa F. Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Enabling Technologies

In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, current and future energy systems need to be made more efficient and sustainable. This change can be accomplished by increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources and using efficient technologies in energy generation systems. One way to improve the operation of the whole energy system is through the generation and end-use sector coupling. Power-to-heat energy conversion and storage technologies, in this view, are enabling technologies that can help in balancing and improving the efficiency of both thermal and electric grids. In the present paper, a comprehensive analysis of the role of heat pumps and thermal energy storage for sector coupling is presented. The main features of the analyzed technologies are presented in the context of smart electric grid, district heating and cooling and multi-carrier energy systems, and recent findings and developments are highlighted. Finally, the technical, social, and economic challenges in the adoption of investigated technologies are discussed.

scholarly journals Application of an absorption heat pump in the conditions of an existing combined heat and power plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
A. Redko ◽  
I. Redko ◽  
S. Pavlovskiy ◽  
Y. Burda ◽  
Y. Pivnenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Secondary Energy ◽  
Condense Water ◽  
Secondary Energy Resources ◽  
Heating Networks

The dependence of mankind on energy resources only increases with the development of scientific and technological progress. It is clear that the supply of natural energy resources will run out soon. The solution is using new energy generation technologies based on renewable and secondary sources. Due to the presence in Ukraine of operating combined heat and power plants, there is the possibility of producing thermal energy using the secondary heat by absorption heat pumps. At the same time, the thermal energy of flue gases and steam from steam turbines does not heat the atmosphere, but are involved in the generation of thermal energy for heating networks of settlements. Due to the ability of the absorbent solution to absorb and condense water vapor under the influence of low-potential and high-potential heat carriers, it is possible to significantly reduce the consumption of traditional energy resources and increase the overall efficiency of the combined heat and power plants. World experience shows that the use of secondary energy resources can significantly improve the country's energy balance. And the main problem is the availability of these resources. In today's changing climate, the use of renewable energy sources requires additional expences and it is appropriate to pay attention to use of present secondary energy resources, which are not used now. There are a lot of such resources available in heat generating facilities. This is especially noticeable in large cities with central heating networks. Therefore, increasing the efficiency of their work makes it possible to significantly improve the energy balance of the whole country and reduce tariffs for thermal energy for industry and individual consumers, which, in turn, will improve the living standards of citizens.

Life Cycle Assessment on Environmental Impact of Wind Power Turbines

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1897-1903
Author(s):  
Jia Hua Dong ◽  
Wei Guang Zhu ◽  
Cheng Kang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Wind Power Generation

Wind power is an important type of renewable energy sources. In this passage we will apply Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to analyze the four stages of wind power generation,which are production of raw materials, transportation, build-operate process of wind plants and demolition stages, calculate the energy consumption and the environmental impact, set a contrastive analysis between coal-fired power plants and wind power plants. We will take WangHaiSi Wind Plant in Faku, Shenyang as an example to show the difference between the two ways of getting power. The analysis shows that: in comparison with coal-fired generation, wind power generation saves more energy and reduces emissions of pollutants markedly; the main energy consumption comes from production of raw materials, which takes 79.3% of the total energy consumption throughout the life cycle. In the meantime, the large amount of ecological resources consumption from construction, operation and maintenance of wind plants leads to mass emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, which respectively take 67.3% and 96.6% of total emissions. Besides, wind generation only accounts for 0.93%, 0.89% and 2.72% of energy consumption, global warming potential (GWP) and acid potential (AP) of coal-fired power generation. Thus, it proved that wind power generation has lesser impacts on environment than coal-fired power generation. However, it is still of great necessity to strengthen the environmental protection measures to reduce the consumption and destroy of ecologic resources.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of a Hybrid System with Hydrogen Storage and Fuel Cell for Cogeneration in Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Boulmrharj ◽  
Mohammed Khaidar ◽  
Mohamed Bakhouya ◽  
Radouane Ouladsine ◽  
Mostapha Siniti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Photovoltaic System

The search for new fuels to supersede fossil fuels has been intensified these recent decades. Among these fuels, hydrogen has attracted much interest due to its advantages, mainly cleanliness and availability. It can be produced from various raw materials (e.g., water, biomass) using many resources, mainly water electrolysis and natural gas reforming. However, water electrolysis combined with renewable energy sources is the cleanest way to produce hydrogen while reducing greenhouse gases. Besides, hydrogen can be used by fuel cells for producing both electrical and thermal energy. The aim of this work was towards efficient integration of this system into energy efficient buildings. The system is comprised of a photovoltaic system, hydrogen electrolyzer, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell operating as a cogeneration system to provide the building with both electricity and thermal energy. The system’s modeling, simulations, and experimentations were first conducted over a short-run period to assess the system’s performance. Reported results show the models’ accuracy in analyzing the system’s performance. We then used the developed models for long-run testing of the hybrid system. Accordingly, the system’s electrical efficiency was almost 32%. Its overall efficiency reached 64.5% when taking into account both produced electricity and thermal energy.

scholarly journals Thermal Energy Storage for Grid Applications: Current Status and Emerging Trends

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Enescu ◽  
Gianfranco Chicco ◽  
Radu Porumb ◽  
George Seritan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Grid Applications

Thermal energy systems (TES) contribute to the on-going process that leads to higher integration among different energy systems, with the aim of reaching a cleaner, more flexible and sustainable use of the energy resources. This paper reviews the current literature that refers to the development and exploitation of TES-based solutions in systems connected to the electrical grid. These solutions facilitate the energy system integration to get additional flexibility for energy management, enable better use of variable renewable energy sources (RES), and contribute to the modernisation of the energy system infrastructures, the enhancement of the grid operation practices that include energy shifting, and the provision of cost-effective grid services. This paper offers a complementary view with respect to other reviews that deal with energy storage technologies, materials for TES applications, TES for buildings, and contributions of electrical energy storage for grid applications. The main aspects addressed are the characteristics, parameters and models of the TES systems, the deployment of TES in systems with variable RES, microgrids, and multi-energy networks, and the emerging trends for TES applications.

Contrastive Analysis between Wind Power Generation and Coal Generation on the Environmental Impact Assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 254-258
Author(s):  
Jia Hua Dong ◽  
Wei Guang Zhu ◽  
Cheng Kang Gao ◽  
Han Mei Tang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Wind Power Generation ◽  
Contrastive Analysis

Wind power is an important type of renewable energy sources. In this passage we will apply Life Cycle Assessment to analyze the four stages of wind power generation，which are production of raw materials, transportation, build-operate process of wind plants and demolition stages, calculate the energy consumption and the environmental impact, set a contrastive analysis between coal-fired power plants and wind power plants. We will take WangHaiSi Wind Plant in Faku, Shenyang as an example to show the difference between the two ways of getting power. The analysis shows that: in comparison with coal-fired generation, wind power generation saves more energy and reduces emissions of pollutants markedly; the main energy consumption comes from production of raw materials, which takes 79.3% of the total energy consumption throughout the life cycle. In the meantime, the large amount of ecological resources consumption from construction, operation and maintenance of wind plants leads to mass emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, which respectively take 67.3% and 96.6% of total emissions. Besides, wind generation only accounts for 0.93%, 0.89% and 2.72% of energy consumption, global warming potential (GWP) and acid potential (AP) of coal-fired power generation. Thus, it proved that wind power generation has lesser impacts on environment than coal-fired power generation. However, it is still of great necessity to strengthen the environmental protection measures to reduce the consumption and destroy of ecologic resources.

scholarly journals Hybrid Energy Efficient Multi Source Energy System With Iot Base Load Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Continuous Power

As the demand for electricity increasing day by day there is a need for an alternative power generation from renewable energy sources. The usage of increasing these conventional energy sources and the irregular supply of the power generated by them create problems like stability, consistency, and quality of the power in the main electrical grid. The solution to this problem is the concept of hybrid energyefficient multi-source energy systems.“Hybrid energy efficient multisource energy system includes two or more energy conversion devices or two or more fuels for the same device, that when integrated, overcome limitations that may be inherent in either”. Remote areas should be equipped with hybrid energyefficient multi-source systems. This Project gives suitable ways to generate power in rural and agency areas also. The proposed system includes three systems that are capable of renewables, mainly solar (with the auto-tracking system), wind and Piezo along with power storage devices. This system has designed to give quality un-interrupted power to the developed Hybrid energy efficient multi-source energy systems. Further, this system is applied to maintain a continuous power supply for different loads like cooling and heating

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