scholarly journals Benefits of Ryegrass on Multicontaminated Soils Part 2: A Green Process to Provide Idrocilamide

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6685
Author(s):  
Christophe Waterlot ◽  
Pierrick Dufrénoy ◽  
Marie Hechelski ◽  
Brice Louvel ◽  
Adam Daïch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Green Process ◽  
Current Process ◽  
Carcinogenic Metals

A restoration of highly contaminated garden soil is proposed as a greener alternative to the production of vegetables. Depending on potentially toxic elements and their concentration, ryegrass shoots accumulate these elements in sufficient quantity to be used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. The analysis of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Al in ashes issued from the calcination of ryegrass shoots revealed that the concentration of Zn was highest (>7000 mg kg–1). The ratios between potential Lewis acids (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Al) to carcinogenic metals (Cd or Pb) were 191 ± 7 for LA/Cd and 235 ± 13 for LA/Pb, making the shoots of ryegrass suitable for the production of Zn-rich polymetallic biosourced catalysts. This material was used in the synthesis of idrocilamide under free-solvent condition, providing the drug in a good yield (69.9%). Data show that a limitation of waste, a maximization of the material incorporation in the process, a minimization of the steps, and an optimization of the stoichiometric factor are the main innovative factors in the current process in comparison with those previously reported.

scholarly journals Toward a New Way for the Valorization of Miscanthus Biomass Produced on Metal-Contaminated Soils Part 1: Mesocosm and Field Experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9370
Author(s):  
Marie Hechelski ◽  
Brice Louvel ◽  
Pierrick Dufrénoy ◽  
Alina Ghinet ◽  
Christophe Waterlot
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
P Fertilizers

The effects of P-fertilizers (mono- and di-calcium phosphates) on the bioavailability of metals and nutrients in leaves and stems of Miscanthus × giganteus were studied in mesocosm and field experiments in order to propose a new way for the valorization of miscanthus biomass. The concentration of potentially toxic elements was generally higher in stems than in leaves. Although P-fertilizers were added to contaminated soils under sustainable conditions (from 0.022% to 0.026% w/w), the average of leaf and stem biomass generally increased in the presence of P-fertilizers due to the changes in the speciation of phosphorus. Leaves of the investigated miscanthus may be of great interest as a catalyst in organic chemistry, since the Ca concentration was up to 9000 mg kg−1 DW. Stems represent a potential biomass that can be used as renewable resource of Lewis acids, currently used in organic syntheses (the sum of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Mg, Si and Al was near 1000 mg kg−1 DW). The percentage of Cd and Pb in leaves and stems of miscanthus did not significantly change with P-fertilizers. Depending on the mesocosm and field experiments, it ranged from 0.004% to 0.016% and from 0.009% and 0.034% for Cd in leaves and stems, respectively, and from 0.004% to 0.015% and from 0.009% and 0.033% for Pb in leaves and stems, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of clay on the fractions of potentially toxic elements in contaminated soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Katerina Vejvodova ◽  
Ondřej Drábek ◽  
Christopher Ash ◽  
Václav Tejnecký ◽  
Karel Němeček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Plant Availability ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Mn Oxides

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of clay as an amendment to decrease the mobility and plant availability of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Kaolinite and vermiculite were added at a 9% application rate to a contaminated garden soil from Kutná Hora. Half of the original soil was acidified by the addition of HNO<sub>3</sub>, to observe the effect of the pH on the adsorption of the PTEs. The samples were analysed four times over an eight-week period to evaluate the effect of the clay additions on the As, Cd, Pb and Zn plant availability and different fractions of the BCR sequential extraction. The results indicate that the PTEs were mainly bound by ion/cation exchange on the edges of the clay minerals and onto the Fe/Mn oxides and organic fractions in the soils. The significance (P &lt; 0.05) of the pH was observed for the plant availability of the PTE, especially on the As and Cd. A comparison of the vermiculite in the form of chunks and as powder displayed the most statistically significant results, where the vermiculite powder significantly decreased the plant availability of the As, Cd and Pb, while the opposite effect was observed for the Zn.

scholarly journals Current Status and Temporal Trend of Potentially Toxic Elements Pollution in Agricultural Soil in the Yangtze River Delta Region: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Shufeng She ◽  
Bifeng Hu ◽  
Xianglin Zhang ◽  
Shuai Shao ◽  
Yefeng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
River Delta ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution in the agricultural soil of China, especially in developed regions such as the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in eastern China, has received increasing attention. However, there are few studies on the long-term assessment of soil pollution by PTEs over large regions. Therefore, in this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the current state and temporal trend of PTEs pollution in the agricultural land of the Yangtze River Delta. Based on a review of 118 studies published between 1993 and 2020, the average concentrations of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni were found to be 0.25 mg kg−1, 0.14 mg kg−1, 8.14 mg kg−1, 32.32 mg kg−1, 68.84 mg kg−1, 32.58 mg kg−1, 92.35 mg kg−1, and 29.30 mg kg−1, respectively. Among these elements, only Cd and Hg showed significant accumulation compared with their background values. The eastern Yangtze River Delta showed a relatively high ecological risk due to intensive industrial activities. The contents of Cd, Pb, and Zn in soil showed an increasing trend from 1993 to 2000 and then showed a decreasing trend. The results obtained from this study will provide guidance for the prevention and control of soil pollution in the Yangtze River Delta.

scholarly journals Dietary exposure to potentially toxic elements through sushi consumption in Catalonia, Spain

2021 ◽  
pp. 112285
Author(s):  
Neus González ◽  
Eudald Correig ◽  
Isa Marmelo ◽  
António Marques ◽  
Rasmus la Cour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements

Purified montmorillonite as a nano-adsorbent of potentially toxic elements from environment: an overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Biglari Quchan Atigh ◽  
Pourya Sardari ◽  
Ebrahim Moghiseh ◽  
Behnam Asgari Lajayer ◽  
Andrew S. Hursthouse
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Nano Adsorbent

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment for Exposure to Potentially Toxic Elements in Polluted Rivers in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Samantha Jiménez-Oyola ◽  
Kenny Escobar Segovia ◽  
María-Jesús García-Martínez ◽  
Marcelo Ortega ◽  
David Bolonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Ecuadorian Amazon ◽  
Polluted Rivers

Anthropogenic activities performed in the Ecuadorian Amazon have released potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into the rivers, causing severe environmental pollution and increasing the risk of exposure to the residents of the surrounding areas. This study aims to carry out a human health risk assessment using deterministic and probabilistic methods to estimate the hazard index (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR) related to multi-pathway human exposure to PTEs in polluted rivers. Concentrations of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in surface water and sediment samples from rivers on the Ecuadorian Amazon were considered to assess the potential adverse human health effects. As a result, deterministic and probabilistic estimations of cancer and non-cancer risk through exposure to surface waters and sediments were above the safety limit. A sensitivity analysis identified the concentration of PTEs and the exposure duration (ED) as the two most important variables for probabilistic health risk assessment. The highest risk for receptors was related to exposure to polluted sediments through incidental ingestion and dermal contact routes. According to the deterministic estimation, the human health risk through ingestion of water was above the threshold in specific locations. This study reveals the potential health risk to which the population is exposed. This information can be used as a baseline to develop public strategies to reduce anthropogenic pollution and exposure to PTEs in Ecuadorian Amazon rivers.

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