scholarly journals Human Factor Preparedness for Decentralized Crisis Management and Communication in Cyber-Physical Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levente Bakos ◽  
Dănuț Dumitru Dumitrașcu ◽  
Katalin Harangus
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Industrial Organizations ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
Technology And Communication

Crises are influencing the corporate sustainability. Long-term stakeholder value built in decades can be ruined by a middle scale crisis. In the new world of cyber-physical systems, scholars emphasize the decentralized, human–machine cooperation based disturbance handling. From information technology and communication (ICT) point of view the cyber-physical systems are ready for a sustainable, decentralized crisis management. The aim of the article is to present results of a research that has as objective to study the readiness of the human component of cyber-physical systems for a decentralized crisis management approach in industrial organizations. Two highly regulated industries—automotive and pharmaceutical industry- was selected; in all the studied organizations the continuous human-machine cooperation is a reality. The sample consisted of 151 respondents and a questionnaire-based survey was used. The study revealed the need for guidance and education for the personnel regarding the roles and competences of the different departments regarding the relationship with certain stakeholders. The study also reveals that apart from some explicitly regulated by law areas—fire safety, occupational health and safety, and some issues related to technological failures—the studied organizations are not prepared for unexpected situations. Also, our survey revealed that the members of the organization, others than top managers, are not prepared to handle ‘off the job-description’ situations.

Cyber-Physical Systems: Project Management Approach: the introduction of BIM

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Ольга Ильина ◽  
Olga Ilina
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
New Era ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Project Management System ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
The Creation

In the era of the digital economy, the task of developing approaches to project management, the subject area of which is at the intersection of IT and real production processes, becomes especially urgent. This clearly demonstrates the challenges of the construction industry, where today the tasks of complex development of territories, the construction of unique facilities and structures are being solved, all based on modern information technologies. In fact, we are talking about a new era in construction — the era of cyber-physical systems. All this predetermines the need to change the methodology of project management in this area. As a methodological basis of project management for the creation of cyber-physical systems in the design, construction and operation of construction sites, an integrated methodological solution is proposed, formed on the basis of the synthesis of methodologies existing in project management. A scheme for the formation of the project management system for the creation of cyber-physical systems is developed on the basis of the project management methodology, which includes elements of project management methodologies such as PMBOK, P2M, PRINCE2, Agile (SCRUM).

scholarly journals Automation of the Process of Analysis of Security Threats in Cyber-Physical Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Elena Basan ◽  
◽  
Anton Gritsynin ◽  
Maria Shulika ◽  
Vasily Kryuchkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Physical System ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cyber Physical System ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Cyberphysical Systems ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Ontological Approach

Purpose: development of a methodology for automating the process of analyzing security threats in cyberphysical systems, which is based on the study and analysis of the system architecture and possible risks of threat implementation, as well as the capabilities of the intruder. Method: the developed methodology is based on structuring information about the architectural features of cyberphysical systems. Structuring information and presenting it in the form of directories that are interconnected allows to determine the list of threats, vulnerabilities and attacks that are relevant to it based on structural and functional characteristics. When designing the database, an ontological approach was applied, which allows you to highlight concepts and their properties. Results: methodological recommendations for analyzing the security of cyber-physical systems have been developed, based on the study and assessment of vulnerabilities and security threats. The analysis of the structural and functional characteristics of the cyber-physical system is carried out and the main features from the point of view of information security are highlighted. Integration of new methods for assessing risks, identifying current threats, and developing effective recommendations for cyber-physical systems made it possible to create a knowledge base about threats, attacks, vulnerabilities of CPS. New threats to CPS have been identified, which are associated with their specific properties: mobility, use of wireless networks, location outside the controlled area. The result of the study is a product presented in the form of a knowledge base that allows you to determine the degree of threat of a threat for a given structural and functional characteristics of a cyber-physical system. Implemented automatic updating of information about vulnerabilities from open databases.

scholarly journals ROBOTS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITY: ETHICAL, LEGAL AND HYGIENIC ISSUES

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Denisov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Physical Systems

The digital revolution poses new challenges for hygienists. From hygienic positions, the essence of digitalization of economy and society, and also ethical problems and projects of legal regulation of robotics, systems of artificial intelligence (AI), augmented and virtual reality (AR-VR) are considered. The aim of the work is the analysis of digitalization from the standpoint of information hygiene, as well as the legal regulation of these new technologies for their hygienic regulation. The range of views of the luminaries of Natural Sciences and Medicine on ethical and philosophical issues of the society, labor, and hygiene is given. Of the 23 Asilomar principles of safe, productive, and moral development of AI systems there are selected 7 hygienically significant ones, that can serve as the scientific basis for the hygienic assessment of cyber-physical systems. The issues of the legal regulation of robotics and AI on the example of the UNESCO draft and the European Parliament resolution, as well as draft laws of the United Kingdom and the United States, are considered. The proposal of Russian specialists on the category of high-risk robots and the presumption of the danger of conscious interaction with AI is noted. The terminology on robots and co-robots in the fields of welfare, medicine, and healthcare is presented. The proposal is described to form a friendly behavior of the robot to implement the ethical norms of robotics for the benefit of man. The systems of AR-VR used in education, industry, architecture, health care, medical Sciences, and entertainment are mentioned, as well as risk factors and symptoms of motion sickness as a form of their manifestation are considered. The basic theory is that of sensory conflict and then activation of the optic-vestibular-spinal system; one talks about the "disease of virtual reality". Possible disorders of the human body functions when using AR-VR devices and medical contraindications, as well as health and safety requirements are systematized. The bases of information hygiene can serve as a tool to preserve the health of workers and the population in the digital age. Robots and AI systems are concluded to require hygienic assessment. Special attention should be paid to the AR-VR systems, which create specific health risks, especially for vulnerable groups. The methods and criteria for evaluating cyber-physical systems on the base of information hygiene and specialized hygiene regulations are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Resilient Event-based Control for Nonlinear Cyber-Physical Systems under Intermittent Deception Attacks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Zhou Gu ◽  
Shen Yan
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Queuing Model ◽  
Fuzzy Controllers ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Exponentially Stable ◽  
Communication Scheme ◽  
Event Based

Abstract We address the resilient event-based control of nonlinear cyber-physical systems subject to deception attacks. In particular, an improved Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is employed to solve the mismatch problem between the fuzzy system and fuzzy controllers. From the attacker's point of view, we construct a novel queuing model to depict the intermittent behaviors of deception attacks. Then, a resilient event-based communication scheme is proposed, which is dynamically switched with different attack modes. The idea is to appropriately reduce the number of triggers according to the severity level of attacks, which can further save network resources. By using piecewise Lyapunov functional methods, we find a solution to the co-design of fuzzy controllers and event-triggering parameters while the concerned system is guaranteed to be exponentially stable. Finally, we apply the proposed approaches to a mass–spring–damping system, where the effectiveness is well verified.

scholarly journals Environmental Health and Safety Assessment of Schools in Khalkhal City Using Crisis Management Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Mehdi Vosoughi ◽  
◽  
Abdollah Dargahi ◽  
Parvin Teymouri ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Environmental Health And Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Item Checklist

Background: Paying attention to physical, health and safety issues in educational environments is the most effective and fundamental factor for physical, mental and psychological development of students. Therefore, one of the most important and effective health issues of the school is to observe environmental health and safety. This study was conducted with the aim of surveying the environmental health and safety of schools in Khalkhal city with a crisis management approach. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. The study population consists of all primary, middle and high schools in Khalkhal city (n=28). For sampling, census method was used. Data collection tool was an 87-item checklist that surveys the health status of schools and its classrooms in terms of health and safety facilities. It was completed by visiting schools and observing, interviews and measurements. Collected data were analyzed in SPSS and Excel software. Results: 10% of schools had newly constructed buildings and 90% had old buildings. The minimum required area per student was observed in all schools. The green space area required for each student is 0.5 square meters, which was not observed in 73.83% of schools. Only 87.5% of schools had one toilet for every 40 students. Sewage disposal in 98% of schools was hygienic, and 100% of schools had sanitary trash cans. In 60% of the schools, the toilets did not meet the hygiene standards. In 84% of the schools, the number of washbasins was proportional to the number of students (1 per 60). All the classrooms had maximum use of natural light. Moreover, in most schools, health policies, safety policies and emergency and personal hygiene standards were met. Conclusion: Most schools in Khalkhal city were at moderate level in terms of environmental health and safety and compliance with national school environmental health regulations as well as being prepared to deal with emergencies and crises which indicates a need for more attention and support from the relevant authorities for improving their status.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence and Cyber-Physical Systems: A Review and Perspectives for the Future in the Chemical Industry

AI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-443
Author(s):  
Luis M. C. Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Dias ◽  
Carine M. Rebello ◽  
Márcio A. F. Martins ◽  
Alírio E. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Models

Modern society is living in an age of paradigm changes. In part, these changes have been driven by new technologies, which provide high performance computing capabilities that enable the creation of complex Artificial Intelligence systems. Those developments are allowing the emergence of new Cyber Systems where the continuously generated data is utilized to build Artificial Intelligence models used to perform specialized tasks within the system. While, on one hand, the isolated application of the cyber systems is becoming widespread, on the other hand, their synchronical integration with other cyber systems to build a concise and cognitive structure that can interact deeply and autonomously with a physical system is still a completely open question, only addressed in some works from a philosophical point of view. From this standpoint, the AI can play an enabling role to allow the existence of these cognitive CPSs. This review provides a look at some of the aspects that will be crucial in the development of cyber-physical systems, focusing on the application of artificial intelligence to confer cognition to the system. Topics such as control and optimization architectures and digital twins are presented as components of the CPS. It also provides a conceptual overview of the impacts that the application of these technologies might have in the chemical industry, more specifically in the purification of methane.

Emerging Cyber-Physical Systems : An Overview

2018 ◽  
pp. 306-316
Author(s):  
Okolie S.O. ◽  
Kuyoro S.O. ◽  
Ohwo O. B
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Cyber Physical System ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Strategic Research ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Wide Range

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) will revolutionize how humans relate with the physical world around us. Many grand challenges await the economically vital domains of transportation, health-care, manufacturing, agriculture, energy, defence, aerospace and buildings. Exploration of these potentialities around space and time would create applications which would affect societal and economic benefit. This paper looks into the concept of emerging Cyber-Physical system, applications and security issues in sustaining development in various economic sectors; outlining a set of strategic Research and Development opportunities that should be accosted, so as to allow upgraded CPS to attain their potential and provide a wide range of societal advantages in the future.

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