scholarly journals Open-End Funds for Sustainable Economic Growth in China: The Relationship between Load Fees, Performance, and Flows

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6514
Author(s):  
Yaping Xiao ◽  
Haishu Qiao ◽  
Ting Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Load ◽  
Investor Behavior ◽  
Fund Flows ◽  
Distraction Effect ◽  
Fee Structure ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The financial market, including the fund market, has an increasingly important role in facilitating sustainable economic development. In this study, we examine whether investors react rationally to fund fees through the investigation of the impact of fee structures on investor behavior with open-end funds in China. We aim to determine whether performance influences the effect of the load fee on fund flows. Based on panel data that contained 240 open-end funds for the period of 2008 to 2017, we offer insight into the relationship between fee structure and the flow of open-end funds in China and find that investors react more sensitively to the load fee than operating expenses. Specifically, the coefficients of operating expenses were found to be insignificant in all regression analyses, while almost all the coefficients of load fees were statistically significant. In addition, our findings indicate that the load fee decreases net flow mainly through increasing redemption, and high load fees can make investors more rational to redeem funds with low performance. High load fees can influence investors to sell funds that perform worse in moderately performing funds, where a high load fee can increase investors’ rationality and motivate them to sell funds, resulting in the mitigation of the disposition effect. We also find that investors in larger funds and aggressive growth funds, as well as those who invest with institutional investors and higher liquidity, react more insensitively to load fees, which can be illustrated by the distraction effect.

Contemporary Qur'anic Studies in Iran and its Relationship with Qur'anic Studies in the West

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.

scholarly journals The Impact of R&D Expenses on Firm Performance: Empirical Witness from the Bist Technology Index

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zied Bouaziz
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Positive Coefficients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

<em>The relationship between investment in R&amp;D and company performance has attracted the interest of several research. Vast amount of research have been carried to figure out whether this relationship exist or not. Some researchers suggest that there is no relationship between R&amp;D expenses and firm performance; others put forward the existence of negative or positive relationship. It can be asserted that possible existence as useful information can be consumed by managers to increase the market value of firms. In that respect, the main aim of this research is to reveal the relationship between R&amp;D and firm performance by taking into account 12 companies that are listed on the BIST Technology Index for 5 years periods (between 2010 and 2014). In order to accomplish this purpose, we employed pooled regression model and cross sectional time series analysis technique. In general, although negative and positive coefficients are found, almost, all of them is not statistically significant. In other words, according to outcomes, it can be claimed that there is no relationship between R&amp;D and firm performance which is line with previous studies. </em>

On the Impact of Misclassification in an Ordinal Exposure Variable

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Wang ◽  
Paul Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Exposure Variable ◽  
General Test ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSay that interest focuses on the relationship between an exposure variable and an outcome variable; however, the exposure variable is subject to measurement error. While exceptions have been identified, in almost all circumstances nondifferential measurement error leads to attenuated regression coefficients and lost power to detect associations. In the case of an ordinal exposure variable subject to nondifferential misclassification, we confirm that power is always lost in a general test for association between the exposure and outcome variables. Surprisingly, however, we find that for a linear test of trend, a gain in power is possible.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN DARING DAN PSHYCAL DISTANCING TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN MAHASISWA KEBIDANAN STIKES MUHAMMADIYAH SIDRAP ERA COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
St. Hasriani
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Internet Networks ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Spread ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Covid-19 in a short time spread to almost all countries in the world, including Indonesia. The impact of Covid-19 is very dangerous, in Indonesia taking preventive steps, namely Pshycal distancing is a policy that has an impact on decisions regarding online learning. This policy is to minimize and suppress the spread of Covid-19. Studying online is not easy. Difficulties arise not only in terms of skill in using technology, but by adding a large quota and not having a laptop. This research aims to determine the impact of online learning and Pshycal distancing on the anxiety level of midwifery students. The method used is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were the midwifery students of STIKES Muhammadiyah Sidrap. Sampling was done by  random sampling. The criteria for the sample were midwifery students who were still active and following online learning. ZSAS research instrument. The research questionnaire uses Google Form through online media. Dianalisi using the Chi-Square test to determine the relationship between the two variables. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 24.0. The results of the analysis show that online learning carried out at STIKES Muhammadiyah Sidrap was obtained by students who did not agree with online learning (83.3%) because of obstacles in using learning applications, namely students did not have a quota (47.9%) and difficult Internet networks (41.7%). While students tend to experience severe anxiety (50.0%) and moderate (29%) It can be concluded that there is an effect of online learning and Pshycal distancing on student anxiety. Criticism can appear in various stages of lectures, so it is important for research related to differences in the degree of anxiety of early and late students.  

scholarly journals Employment and economic growth in the conditions of COVID-19 pandemics: Cross-country comparisons

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Tatiana I. Solodkaya ◽  
◽  
Maksim A. Industriev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. The factor of a sharp slowdown in economic growth in almost all countries since the beginning of 2020 has been quite atypical. Whereas previously we had seen shocks mainly related to economic processes, this time the “black swan” was a public health emergency – the new coronavirus pandemic COVID-19. A feature of this crisis was the unprecedented measures of states to restrict the movement of citizens, as well as the suspension of the activities of both industrial enterprises and enterprises in the sphere of trade and services. The aim of this work is to make cross-country comparisons of the impact of increased unemployment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on different countries’ economic growth. Theoretical analysis. The relationship between the actual output gap and potential and cyclical unemployment rates has traditionally been studied according to the well-known law of A. Okun. Okun’s Law can be viewed as a linear algebraic equation for the function of real gross domestic product (GDP). The essence of the law is that with an increase in cyclical unemployment, total output should decrease, since the number of people employed in GDP production falls. Empirical analysis. Cross-country comparisons of economic growth and characteristics of the labor market in Russia, the USA, China, Canada and Germany from 2000 to 2020, including the period of the new coronavirus infection pandemic, were carried out. Results. Based on the analysis of time series of GDP and the unemployment rate, it is shown that, depending on the depth and effectiveness of state support measures for business in terms of maintaining employment, deviations of the actual values of GDP from those calculated in accordance with Okun’s empirical law are observed. The largest and smallest deviations in real GDP changes from the predictions for the first half of 2020 have been recorded in Germany and Canada, respectively.

scholarly journals Does the Reflection of Foci of Commitment in Job Performance Weaken as Generations Get Younger? A Comparison between Gen X and Gen Y Employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9271
Author(s):  
Ahmet Alkan Çelik ◽  
Mert Kılıç ◽  
Erkut Altındağ ◽  
Volkan Öngel ◽  
Ayşe Günsel
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Gen Y ◽  
The Past ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gen X

Today’s organizations increasingly recognize the fact that employees and employee performance are essential intangible assets that should be effectively managed. Affective commitment (AC) is a widely recognized antecedent of sustainable job performance. However, achieving AC has become a great challenge in general and has been especially difficult since the beginning of the pandemic because almost all companies asked their employees to stay at home and work remotely in an isolated manner. Today, many different generations work side by side, contrary to the past, when generational mixing was very rare. Many differences exist among these employee generations, which determine their feelings towards authority and organization. Accordingly, this paper aims to clarify generational differences in the interrelationships among AC and sustainable job performance between Gen X and Gen Y employees. As remote working structure limits the interactions that employees have with their supervisor, fellow employees, and the organization, we decided to use the foci of commitment: affective commitment to the organization, affective commitment to the supervisor, and affective commitment to coworkers. Based on data from 416 post-graduates of Beykent University and using the PLS-SEM technique, we find that commitment to the supervisor and commitment to the organization are positively associated with job performance. Moreover, the findings reveal that the impact of the relationship between commitment to the supervisor and job performance is weaker for Gen Y than for Gen X.

scholarly journals The Recruitment Process of the Head of Local Government by Political Parties In Malang Raya Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Budhy Prianto ◽  
Dwi Suharnoko ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Local People ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Direct regional head elections are in the process of recruiting leaders in regions that can guarantee the representation of local people through a democratic process. In this process, theoretically and constitutionally political parties have important and strategic roles and functions. Unfortunately, the oligarchic practice that engulfed almost all political parties has internally and externally recognized the basic principles of democracy in the process of recruiting prospective leaders in the region. The democratic process is only procedural, not substantial. So far it is strongly suspected that the process of regional head elections is more colored by transactional politics. This paper aims first, to obtain an overview of the recruitment process of candidates by political parties in the regional head elections in the Malang Raya region. Second, to obtain a description that is the power of money not only in choosing candidates for the regional head, but also able to lull constituents and voters in determining the choice of regional heads. Third, to obtain an explanation of the impact of the transactional political process and the use of the power of money as well as the impact on the relationship between political parties and their constituents in the Malang Raya region.

scholarly journals A BUFFER ANALYSIS BASED ON CO-LOCATION ALGORITHM

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 2487-2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zhou ◽  
S. Huang ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
R. Zhang ◽  
Q. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Complicated Problem ◽  
The Past ◽  
Buffer Analysis ◽  
Location Algorithm ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Buffer analysis is a common tool of spatial analysis, which deals with the problem of proximity in GIS. Buffer analysis researches the relationship between the center object and other objects around a certain distance. Buffer analysis can make the complicated problem be more scientifically and visually, and provide valuable information for users. Over the past decades, people have done a lot of researches on buffer analysis. Along with the constantly improvement of spatial analysis accuracy needed by people, people hope that the results of spatial analysis can be more exactly express the actual situation. Due to the influence of some certain factors, the impact scope and contact range of a geographic elements on the surrounding objects are uncertain. As all we know, each object has its own characteristics and changing rules in the nature. They are both independent and relative to each other. However, almost all the generational algorithms of existing buffer analysis are based on fixed buffer distance, which do not consider the co-location relationship among instances. Consequently, it is a waste of resource to retrieve the useless information, and useful information is ignored.

scholarly journals The Recruitment Process of the Head of Local Government by Political Parties In Malang Raya Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Budhy Prianto ◽  
Dwi Suharnoko ◽  
Mardiyono
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Local People ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Direct regional head elections are in the process of recruiting leaders in regions that can guarantee the representation of local people through a democratic process. In this process, theoretically and constitutionally political parties have important and strategic roles and functions. Unfortunately, the oligarchic practice that engulfed almost all political parties has internally and externally recognized the basic principles of democracy in the process of recruiting prospective leaders in the region. The democratic process is only procedural, not substantial. So far it is strongly suspected that the process of regional head elections is more colored by transactional politics. This paper aims first, to obtain an overview of the recruitment process of candidates by political parties in the regional head elections in the Malang Raya region. Second, to obtain a description that is the power of money not only in choosing candidates for the regional head, but also able to lull constituents and voters in determining the choice of regional heads. Third, to obtain an explanation of the impact of the transactional political process and the use of the power of money as well as the impact on the relationship between political parties and their constituents in the Malang Raya region.

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