scholarly journals Perceptions of the Impact of High-Level-Machine-Intelligence from University Students in Taiwan: The Case for Human Professions, Autonomous Vehicles, and Smart Homes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6133
Author(s):  
Su-Yen Chen ◽  
Chiachun Lee
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mixed Feelings ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

There is a “timing optimism” that artificial general intelligence will be achieved soon, but some literature has suggested that people have mixed feelings about its overall impact. This study expanded their findings by investigating how Taiwanese university students perceived the overall impact of high-level-machine-intelligence (HLMI) in three areas: a set of 12 human professions, autonomous vehicles, and smart homes. Respondents showed a relatively more positive attitude, with a median answer of “on balance good”, toward HLMI’s development corresponding to those occupations having a higher probability of automation and computerization, and a less positive attitude, with a median of “more or less neutral”, toward professions involving human judgment and social intelligence, and especially creativity, which had a median of “on balance bad”. On the other hand, they presented a highly positive attitude toward the AI application of the smart home, while they demonstrated relatively more reservation toward autonomous vehicles. Gender, area of study, and a computer science background were found as predictors in many cases, whereas traffic benefits, and safety and regulation concerns, among others, were found as the most significant predictors for the overall impact of autonomous vehicles, with comfort and support benefits being the most significant predictor for smart homes. Recommendations for educators, policy makers, and future research were provided.

scholarly journals Time Granularity Impact on Propagation of Disruptions in a System-of-Systems Simulation of Infrastructure and Business Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3922
Author(s):  
Mateusz Iwo Dubaniowski ◽  
Hans Rudolf Heinimann
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
High Level ◽  
Systems Simulation ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

A system-of-systems (SoS) approach is often used for simulating disruptions to business and infrastructure system networks allowing for integration of several models into one simulation. However, the integration is frequently challenging as each system is designed individually with different characteristics, such as time granularity. Understanding the impact of time granularity on propagation of disruptions between businesses and infrastructure systems and finding the appropriate granularity for the SoS simulation remain as major challenges. To tackle these, we explore how time granularity, recovery time, and disruption size affect the propagation of disruptions between constituent systems of an SoS simulation. To address this issue, we developed a high level architecture (HLA) simulation of three networks and performed a series of simulation experiments. Our results revealed that time granularity and especially recovery time have huge impact on propagation of disruptions. Consequently, we developed a model for selecting an appropriate time granularity for an SoS simulation based on expected recovery time. Our simulation experiments show that time granularity should be less than 1.13 of expected recovery time. We identified some areas for future research centered around extending the experimental factors space.

scholarly journals The Role of Dopamine Receptor D2 in Bridging the Intention-Behavior Gap in Sport Participation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2379
Author(s):  
Seiyeong Park ◽  
Junhye Kwon ◽  
Chiyoung Ahn ◽  
Hae-Sung Cho ◽  
Hyo Youl Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dopamine Receptor D2 ◽  
The Impact

Previous studies have identified that a behavior can occur through the strongest predictor intention, but there is a gap between intention and behavior. Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) is known to account for a variance in sporting behaviors in human and animal subjects. However, the relationship between DRD2 and sport participation has been poorly studied, and the limited available reports are inconsistent. The present study was performed to examine the impact of DRD2 on sport participation among Korean university students based on the integrated behavioral model (IBM). Data were collected from enrolled university students in Seoul (N = 45). Participants answered survey questions first, and then they gave investigators their hair to provide DNA information (i.e., the A1 allele of DRD2). DRD2 had a significant effect on sport participation, but only in male students. Male students who carried the A1 allele of DRD2 significantly participated in 105.10 min more sporting activities than male students who did not. Moreover, the effect of intention on sport participation was significantly decreased when considering DRD2. Despite the small sample size, the results of this study could be a preliminary case for a larger study and indicate the direction of future research. Our results suggest that DRD2 may have played an important role as the “actual skill” shown in the IBM.

The Impact of the Privacy Rule on Cancer Research: Variations in Attitudes and Application of Regulatory Standards

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 4014-4020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Goss ◽  
Michael P. Link ◽  
Suanna S. Bruinooge ◽  
Theodore S. Lawrence ◽  
Joel E. Tepper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Privacy Rule ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
American Society ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Cancer Research Committee designed a qualitative research project to assess the attitudes of cancer researchers and compliance officials regarding compliance with the US Privacy Rule and to identify potential strategies for eliminating perceived or real barriers to achieving compliance. Methods A team of three interviewers asked 27 individuals (13 investigators and 14 compliance officials) from 13 institutions to describe the anticipated approach of their institutions to Privacy Rule compliance in three hypothetical research studies. Results The interviews revealed that although researchers and compliance officials share the view that patients' cancer diagnoses should enjoy a high level of privacy protection, there are significant tensions between the two groups related to the proper standards for compliance necessary to protect patients. The disagreements are seen most clearly with regard to the appropriate definition of a “future research use” of protected health information in biospecimen and data repositories and the standards for a waiver of authorization for disclosure and use of such data. Conclusion ASCO believes that disagreements related to compliance and the resulting delays in certain projects and abandonment of others might be eased by additional institutional training programs and consultation on Privacy Rule issues during study design. ASCO also proposes the development of best practices documents to guide 1) creation of data repositories, 2) disclosure and use of data from such repositories, and 3) the design of survivorship and genetics studies.

Impact of web banner advertising frequency on attitude

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Hussain ◽  
Ahmed Shahriar Ferdous ◽  
Gillian Sullivan Mort
Keyword(s):  
Online Advertising ◽  
Repetition Effect ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Banner Advertisements ◽  
Banner Advertisement ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether advertising type (static or dynamic) and appeal (emotional or rational) moderate the relationship between web banner advertising frequency and consumer attitudinal response. Design/methodology/approach A laboratory experiment involving 400 participants was conducted to test for the moderating effect. Factorial ANOVA is used to measure brand attitude. Findings The results identified that the web banner advertisement type acted as a moderator between frequency and brand attitude. However, the moderating effect of banner advertisement appeal was found to be insignificant at a single banner advertisement frequency (i.e. exposure) but significantly different at a higher frequency. The study findings provide better directives for online marketers. Practical implications The major limitation is the fact that the impact of banner advertisement frequency was manipulated from one to five exposures. Future research needs to determine what happens after the fifth exposure, perhaps ten exposures or more, to determine the wear-out effect and in turn, to decide on the optimal frequency level in an effort to design more appropriate web communication strategies. Social implications The result shows that pop-up banner advertisements are intrusive, and that high level of exposures to pop-up banner advertisement could annoy online users. Thus, online advertisers should avoid repeating the pop-up banner advertisements because this could adversely affect the attitude towards the online advertising in general, and could also negatively influence attitudes towards the brand and ultimately effect online purchase. Originality/value This study contributes to the theory by providing more insights into the repetition effect, and comprehensive conclusions can be drawn based on the manipulation of banner advertisement frequency on different frequency levels. The research identifies that if the communication objective is to generate brand attitude, different strategies can be adopted depending on the banner advertisement type (pop-up vs static) and banner advertisement appeal (emotional vs rational).

Knowledge Sharing From Employee's Perspective

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Peng ◽  
Jing ("Jim") Quan ◽  
Guoying Zhang ◽  
Alan J. Dubinsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Contextual Performance ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Professional Employees ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This chapter combines three less-studied factors on employee knowledge sharing, namely, social relationship, contextual performance, and IT competence. Using a survey study that was targeted to professional employees in a R&D department, we reveal that both social relationship—which incorporates degree of centrality of employee's social network and frequency of interpersonal interaction—and employee's contextual performance have significant positive impacts on knowledge sharing. This association, however, is found to be further positively moderated by employee's IT competence. Our work extends the literature pertaining to knowledge sharing by, not only providing an enhanced approach to measure social relationship, but also emphasizing that social relationship or contextual performance can magnify the impact on knowledge sharing through a high level of IT competence. The findings provide managerial and future research insights pertaining to promoting knowledge sharing by enhancing social relationship, rewarding contextual performance, and improving IT competence of employees.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Influence, Technophobia, and Perceived Safety on Autonomous Vehicle Technology Adoption

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Sahil Koul ◽  
Ali Eydgahi
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Vehicle Technology ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between social influence, technophobia, perceived safety of autonomous vehicle technology, number of automobile-related accidents and the intention to use autonomous vehicles. The methodology was a descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study. Theory of Planned Behavior provided the underlying theoretical framework. An online survey was the primary method of data collection. Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. This study found that both social influence and perceived safety of autonomous vehicle technology had significant, positive relationships with the intention to use autonomous vehicles. Additionally, a significant negative relationship was found among technophobia and intention to use autonomous vehicles. However, no relationship was found between the number of automobile-related accidents and intention to use autonomous vehicles. This study presents several original and significant findings as a contribution to the literature on autonomous vehicle technology adoption and proposes new dimensions of future research within this emerging field.

scholarly journals Impact of Internet on Academic Performance of University Students in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (38) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nimra Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Impact

It is impossible to ignore the fact that the internet is the basic need of today’s technological world. Different research shows that individuals across the globe are using information and communication technologies (ICTs) to get the most up-to-date information from the internet. Similarly, university students also spend a lot of time on the internet researching and collecting material relevant to their research topics. Although different research has been conducted on the usage of the internet in different countries, research about Pakistani students is still limited. The major goal of this research was to see how internet usage affects students' academic performance particularly when it comes to increasing their grades. The objective of this research was to determine the type of internet use and the impact of the internet on students' academic achievement. Arts faculty from the University of Punjab Pakistan was selected as the universe of the study and 5 departments of arts were selected by simple random sampling and a sample of 100 students was taken through systematic sampling. The study adopted a survey research design. A questionnaire was developed by the researchers as a tool for data collection. The data was analyzed statistically, which led to the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis. Statistical results are also presented and discussed, and implications for future research are also provided. According to the findings, internet use has a positive impact on student's academic achievement.

scholarly journals Situating Second-Year Success: Understanding Second-Year STEM Experiences at a Liberal Arts College

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. ar43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Gregg-Jolly ◽  
Jim Swartz ◽  
Ellen Iverson ◽  
Joyce Stern ◽  
Narren Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Second Year ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Challenges particular to second-year students have been identified that can impact persistence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. We implemented a program to improve student success in intermediate-level science courses by helping students to feel they belonged and could succeed in STEM. We used survey measures of perceptions and attitudes and then qualitative measures to characterize the impact of support strategies, including peer mentoring, a second-year science student retreat, learning and advising support resources, and department-specific activities. Analysis of registration and transcript information revealed underperformance by students of color (SOC) and first-generation (FG) students in 200-level science courses. Comparison of these data before and during programming revealed significant improvement in success rates of these students in 200-level biology and chemistry courses, but success rates of SOC and FG students remain lower than the overall rate for 200-level science courses. Contemporaneous with the program, qualitative and quantitative measures of student attitudes revealed a high level of belongingness and support. The results suggest that a focus on students’ metacognition about their own abilities and strategic knowledge of how to succeed may be a fruitful direction for future research.

scholarly journals Measuring the Impact of Online Translation on FL Writing Scores

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Errol M. O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
University Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Student Writing ◽  
Prior Training ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Writing Scores ◽  
Writing Task

Online translation (OT) sites, which automatically convert text from one language to another, have been around for nearly 20 years. While foreign language students and teachers have long been aware of their existence, and debates about the accuracy and usefulness of OT are well known, surprisingly little research has been done to analyze the actual effects of online translator usage on student writing. The current study compares the scores of two composition tasks by third- and fourth-semester university students of French who used an online translator, with or without prior training, to the scores of students who did not use OT. Students using an online translator did not perform significantly worse those not using the translator on either task. In fact, students who received prior training in OT outscored the control group overall on the second writing task. Additionally, students using the online translator received higher subscores on one or both writing tasks for features such as comprehensibility, spelling, content, and grammar. The results of the current study are discussed in detail; implications for the foreign language classroom are presented; and avenues for future research are proposed.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Flu and COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions among University Students

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Pastorino ◽  
Leonardo Villani ◽  
Marco Mariani ◽  
Walter Ricciardi ◽  
Guendalina Graffigna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Flu vaccination for the general population, and specifically for vulnerable subgroups, brings the potential to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of mobility, mortality, and hospitalizations. In Italy, flu vaccination is recommended to all ≥6 months of age, even if it is only free of charge for specific categories. We investigated the intentions towards flu and COVID-19 vaccinations from a sample of 436 Italian university students. Results of a web-based survey show that 77.52% of them were willing to get the flu vaccine and 94.73% were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19 when available. We identified positive predictive factors to undertake flu vaccination as being a medical student, having undertaken a previous vaccination against flu, and having a high level of concern and perceived vulnerability to the COVID-19 pandemic. Reinforced public health activities might consider engaging university students a as possible “positive influencer” towards flu and COVID-19 vaccination programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document