scholarly journals Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Blue Water Use of Dutch Diets and Its Association with Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina E. Vellinga ◽  
Mirjam van de Kamp ◽  
Ido B. Toxopeus ◽  
Caroline T. M. van Rossum ◽  
Elias de Valk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Daily Diet

Food consumption patterns affect the environment as well as public health, and monitoring is needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Dutch food consumption patterns for environmental (greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and blue water use) and health aspects (Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015), according to age, gender, and consumption moments. Food consumption data for 4313 Dutch participants aged 1 to 79 years were assessed in 2012 to 2016, by two non-consecutive 24-h recalls. The environmental impact of foods was quantified using a life cycle assessment for, e.g., indicators of GHG emissions and blue water use. The healthiness of diet, operationalized by the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015, was assessed for 2078 adults aged ≥19 years. The average daily diet in the Netherlands was associated with 5.0 ± 2.0 kg CO2-equivalents of GHG emissions and 0.14 ± 0.08 m3 of blue water use. Meat, dairy and non-alcoholic beverages contributed most to GHG emissions, and non-alcoholic beverages, fruits, and meat to blue water use. More healthy diets were associated with a lower GHG emission and higher blue water use. Different associations of environmental indicators (GHG emissions and blue water use) with health aspects of diets need to be considered when aligning diets for health and sustainability.

scholarly journals Blue water use and greenhouse gas emission in Dutch diets and its association with health

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina Vellinga ◽  
Elisabeth HM. Temme ◽  
Mirjam van de Kamp ◽  
Ido B. Toxopeus ◽  
Caroline TM. van Rossum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Gas Emission

AbstractIntroductionFood consumption is important for population as well as planetary health. Globally, fresh water is a scarce resource. For both fresh water use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions a risk of exceeding the planetary boundaries exists. Food production accounts for approximately 90% of the global water footprint and for 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, the Dutch food consumption patterns are evaluated for blue water use and greenhouse gas emission and its association with dietary quality (Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015).Materials and MethodsFood consumption was assessed, in 2012–2016, by two non-consecutive 24 h recalls, in Dutch children and adults aged 1–79 y (n = 4313) (www.wateetnederland.nl). Environmental impact of foods was quantified using life cycle assessment for e.g. indicators (blue) water use and GHG emission. For each participant aged ≥ 18 y (n = 2078), a score was calculated for the Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 index (DHD15) to quantify the quality of diet with respect to health. Statistical analyses were stratified for age and gender.ResultsDaily diets in the Netherlands were associated with 0.14 ± 0.10 m3 blue water use and 5.3 ± 2.4 kg CO2-equivalents GHG emission. Non-alcoholic beverages, nuts and fruits were most important food groups for use of blue water, and meat, dairy and non-alcoholic beverages for GHG emission. DHD15 score was 4.2 ± 1.5 for men and 4.9 ± 1.4 for women. Diets with a higher DHD15 score had a higher blue water use (r = 0.17) and a lower GHG emission (r = -0.35).DiscussionDifferent associations of environmental indicators (blue water use and GHG emission) with health aspects of diets need to be considered when aligning diets for health and sustainability.

On-farm greenhouse gas emissions and water use: case studies in the Queensland beef industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Eady ◽  
James Viner ◽  
Justin MacDonnell
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
On Farm

In response to climate change, research is being undertaken to understand the on-farm greenhouse gas emissions and water use for agricultural systems and investigate options farmers may have for mitigating or offsetting emissions. In the present study, a life cycle assessment framework is used to determine on-farm GHG emissions and water use, and the overall ‘cradle-to-farm gate’ GHG emissions and water use attributed to beef production. The total on-farm emissions for the two properties were 2984 t CO2-e/year (or 1.93 t CO2-e/livestock unit) for the 634-cow enterprise turning off weaner cattle at Gympie and 5725 t CO2-e/year (or 1.70 t CO2-e/livestock unit) for the 720-cow enterprise turning off finished steers in the Arcadia Valley. The on-farm emissions are largely attributable to enteric methane emissions from the beef herd. The overall ‘cradle-to-farm gate’ GHG emissions associated with enterprise products were 3145 t CO2-e/year at Gympie and 7253 t CO2-e/year in the Arcadia Valley, with the additional emissions coming from off-farm inputs (fuel for farm vehicles and earth-moving equipment, electricity, supplementary feed, agricultural chemicals, farm services) and additionally, for the Arcadia Valley enterprise, from purchased store steers. The carbon footprint of beef products at the farm gate ranged from 17.5 to 22.9 kg CO2-e/kg liveweight at Gympie, where wearers are the primary product, and from 11.6 to 15.5 kg CO2-e/kg liveweight in the Arcadia Valley, where finished steers are the primary product. Green water use ranged from 7400 to 12 700 L/kg liveweight depending on class of livestock, with on-farm blue water use of 51–96 L/kg liveweight and off-farm blue water use of 0.1–59 L/kg liveweight. The ability to offset on-farm GHG emissions through reforestation varied between the two locations, with predicted biosequestration rates of 19.3–34.7 t CO2-e/ha per year at Gympie (rainfall 1200 mm/year) from eucalypt plantation and 1.5–9.8 t CO2-e/ha per year in the Arcadia Valley (rainfall 600 mm/year) through reforestation from a combination of brigalow regrowth, leucaena and environmental eucalypt plantings. The area that would need to be reforested to offset on-farm emissions (over a 30-year time horizon) would be 86–155 ha at Gympie (7–13% of the holding) and 629–4108 ha in the Arcadia Valley (9–60%). If carbon sequestration could be achieved at the higher end of the rates nominated, a significant proportion of on-farm emissions could be offset by sequestration in timber, with minimal impact on beef production. However, at the lower end of the forest sequestration range, the required level of land-use change would reduce the carrying capacity, and hence beef production, especially at the Arcadia Valley site.

Communicating GHG mitigating food consumption in-store

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 1618-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Ekelund ◽  
Erik Hunter ◽  
Sara Spendrup ◽  
Heléne Tjärnemo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ghg Reduction

Purpose – Current food consumption patterns contribute negatively to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change. Positioned at the interface between producers and consumers, retailers have the potential to reduce this problem through informing their customers on the consequences of their actions. The purpose of this paper is to understand the variety of ways European retailers go about informing their customers on the linkage between food choice and climate change as well as which actions they advocate in-store to reduce the problem. Design/methodology/approach – In-store walkthroughs lasting between 40 minutes and 1.5 hours were carried out at 30 grocery stores in five European countries to identify climate mitigating communications. The observations targeted any message produced and transmitted by the retailer where links between food and climate change were drawn. Findings – The diversity in climate mitigating food communication we expected to find across Europe did not materialize. Only four out of the 30 retailers visited transmitted to their customers any information showing a direct link between food consumption and climate change. Indirectly, the authors found some retailers communicating food choices believed to lead to GHG reduction without linking them to climate change. Finally the authors found several retailers communicating what the authors argue are ambiguous messages to their customers where sustainability issues were confounded with climate ones. The dearth of climate mitigating food communications reveals the complexity in informing customers on such issues but also a possible lack of interest on the part of both parties. Originality/value – This research contributes empirically to knowledge of how retailers communicate climate mitigating food consumption to consumers.

scholarly journals Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Food Consumption in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
Amalia Zaida
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Tailored Approach ◽  
Sweet Foods ◽  
The Impact

Prevention of Covid-19 transmission by increasing immunity of the body with protein intake results in changes in people's dietary behavior. Pressure due to changing environment and loss of work leads to the tendency to eat sweet foods, preserved, high in fat and salt. This study aims to determine changes in food consumption patterns in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. Use a quick assessment of empirical facts about Indonesia's ongoing impact on Covid-19. The research approach framework conceptualizes Covid-19 as a 'Cause', and its effect on changes in food consumption patterns is "Consequent". The data used in this study from study literature uses references from national and international literature. Literature materials in the form of journals, articles, books, and news that discuss the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on people's behavior, especially food consumption behavior, which can be accessed in electronic media. Pandemic covid-19 in Indonesian society affects food consumption patterns, namely, in adults, consumption of vegetables, fruits, and spices increases. While in adolescence, consumption of sweets and fast food increases. This change in the diet affects immunity. A healthy diet increases immunity and reduces the potential for contracting covid-19. Changes in different diets require a tailored approach to community nutrition fulfillment programs. It is necessary to create a program to raise awareness among young people to implement a healthy diet, and a program to support the consistency of healthy diets that have been formed in the community due to the covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts of Introducing LNG as Alternative Fuel for Urban Buses – Case Study in Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-847
Author(s):  
Martin Jurkovič ◽  
Tomáš Kalina ◽  
Tomáš Skrúcaný ◽  
Piotr Gorzelanczyk ◽  
Vladimír Ľupták
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Bus Transport

The aim of the paper is to assess the possibility of decreasing the chosen environmental indicators like energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) production and other exhaust pollutants in the selected region in Slovakia by introducing Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) buses into bus transport. The assessment is carried out by comparing the consumption and emissions of current buses (EURO 2) in real operation, with potential buses (EURO 6) and with pilot LNG buses testing on the same lines. Comparison took place under the same conditions over the same period. The study measures the energy consumption and GHG production per bus. The research paper also compares two methodologies of calculation. The first calculation is according to the European Standard EN 16258: 2012 which specifies the general methodology for evaluation and declaration of energy consumption and GHG emissions (all services - cargo, passengers or both). The second calculation is according to the Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA). The results of the calculation are compared  by both methods, and the most suitable version of the bus in terms of GHG emissions is proposed.

scholarly journals Uncertainty Analysis of Embedded Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using BIM in Early Design Stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Schneider-Marin ◽  
Hannes Harter ◽  
Konstantin Tkachuk ◽  
Werner Lang
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Early Design Stages

With current efforts to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of buildings in the operational phase, the share of embedded energy (EE) and embedded GHG emissions is increasing. In early design stages, chances to influence these factors in a positive way are greatest, but very little and vague information about the future building is available. Therefore, this study introduces a building information modeling (BIM)-based method to analyze the contribution of the main functional parts of buildings to find embedded energy demand and GHG emission reduction potentials. At the same time, a sensitivity analysis shows the variance in results due to the uncertainties inherent in early design to avoid misleadingly precise results. The sensitivity analysis provides guidance to the design team as to where to strategically reduce uncertainties in order to increase precision of the overall results. A case study shows that the variability and sensitivity of the results differ between environmental indicators and construction types (wood or concrete). The case study contribution analysis reveals that the building’s structure is the main contributor of roughly half of total GHG emissions if the main structural material is reinforced concrete. Exchanging reinforced concrete for a wood structure reduces total GHG emissions by 25%, with GHG emissions of the structure contributing 33% and windows 30%. Variability can be reduced systematically by first reducing vagueness in geometrical and technical specifications and subsequently in the amount of interior walls. The study shows how a simplified and fast BIM-based calculation provides valuable guidance in early design stages.

scholarly journals Localisation of primary food production in Finland: production potential and environmental impacts of food consumption patterns

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. RISKU-NORJA ◽  
R. HIETALA ◽  
H. VIRTANEN
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Land Use

The potential for and environmental consequences of localising primary production of food were investigated by considering different food consumption patterns, based on conventional and organic production. Environmental impact was assessed according to agricultural land use and numbers of production animals, both of which depend on food consumption. The results were quantified in terms of nutrient balances, greenhouse gas and acid emissions and the diversity of crop cultivation, which indicate eutrophication of watersheds, climate change and landscape changes, respectively. The study region was able to satisfy its own needs for all farming and food consumption scenarios. Dietary choice had a marked impact on agricultural land use and on the environmental parameters considered. Organic farming for local food production resulted in higher greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with mixed diets, the vegetarian diet was associated with lower emissions and nutrient surpluses, but also with reduced crop diversity. The arable areas allocated to leys and pastures were also smaller. The study area represents a predominantly rural region and is a net exporter of agricultural produce. Therefore, only part of the environmental impact of food production results from local needs. Both the differences among the dietary options and the overall environmental benefit of localised primary food production were greatly reduced when considering total agricultural production of the region. Much of the negative impact of agriculture is due to food consumption in the densely populated urban areas, but the consequences are mainly felt in the production areas. The environmental impacts of localisation of primary food production for the rural areas are small and inconsistent. The results indicate the importance of defining ‘local’ on a regional basis and including the urban food sinks in impact assessment.;

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