scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of a Lithium Battery Cooling System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Zhao ◽  
Jianfeng Wang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Qinghe Liu ◽  
Weihua Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Model ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Cooling Fan ◽  
Heat Transfer Theory

To improve the heat dissipation performance of power batteries in electric racing cars in the Formula Student Electric China (FSEC), a battery cooling system was researched. A battery thermal model and a temperature experimental platform were established. The thermal model was verified by comparing the results of the ANSYS/Workbench simulations with the experimental results, and the maximum error was 7.2%. Based on the FSEC dynamic conditions, the cooling demand was analyzed according to the heat transfer theory. Then, an orthogonal method was used to optimize the position of the cooling fan and the arrangement of the cells, and a parameterized battery simulation model based on ANSYS/Icepak was established. The simulation results show that the maximum temperature difference was optimized by 38.35%. The results of the simulation were in good agreement with the experimental results, and the maximum error was less than 2 °C. This indicates that this design can ensure a car battery system that has a good heat dissipation performance in the FSEC; thus, the intended goal was achieved.

scholarly journals Simulation and Optimization of FEV Limit Discharge’s Heat Dissipation Based on Orthogonal Experiments

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5563
Author(s):  
Hong Li ◽  
Yilun Xu ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
Chenlong Si
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Design Method ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Orthogonal Experimental Design ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Battery Packs

The temperature difference between batteries has effects on the performance of the battery packs of electric vehicles (EVs). Therefore, it is necessary to design a battery cooling management system. In order to reduce the maximum temperature difference of the cooling system of the Formula Electric Vehicle (FEV) automobile, the orthogonal experimental design method was adopted in this paper, and the temperature field of the FEV air-cooled cooling system structure under a short-time high-current discharge condition was simulated for many times. The maximum temperature difference after simulating optimization was about 7 K, and the overall optimization degree was close to 40%. The research results showed that the gap between the single battery and the battery pack was very important to heat dissipation.

scholarly journals Automobile Radiator’s Engineering and Analysation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-558
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Cooling Fan

The shape of a radiator cover is crucial either in determining the pattern of air flow or in increasing the same through the radiator core thereby increasing the thermal efficiency, thus making it a necessity to understand it. Moreover the parts circumjacent to the core namely the upper tank, lower tank, cooling fan, fins, tubes, etc promote the air flow rate. Also it is to note that the air flow rate of discharge gases from radiator core is one of the prime factors in determining the automobile cooling system. Initially factors such as temperature, pressure, air flow rate that affect the performance are obtained in order to derive out the entities of operation. One of the observations that can be made through this paper is that as the volume of the coolant increases, the rate of heat dissipation increases, also parameters like inlet temperature and volume flow rate of coolant, air velocity, temperature drop and drop in pressure of coolant are factors that contribute in radiator performance evidently.

An Unsteady Analysis on Thermal Stratification in the SCS Piping Branched Off the RCS Piping

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Chu Kim ◽  
Man-Heung Park ◽  
Hag-Ki Youm ◽  
Sun-Ki Lee ◽  
Tae-Ryong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rear Side ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Starting Point

A numerical study is performed to estimate on an unsteady thermal stratification phenomenon in the Shutdown Cooling System (SCS) piping branched off the Reactor Coolant System (RCS) piping of Nuclear Power Plant. In the results, turbulent penetration reaches to the 1st isolation valve. At 500sec, the maximum temperature difference between top and bottom inner wall in piping is observed at the starting point of horizontal piping passing elbow. The temperature of coolant in the rear side of the 1st isolation valve disk is very slowly increased and the inflection point in temperature difference curve for time is observed at 2700sec. At the beginning of turbulent penetration from RCS piping, the fast inflow generates the higher temperature for the inner wall than the outer wall in the SCS piping. In the case the hot-leg injection piping and the drain piping are connected to the SCS piping, the effect of thermal stratification in the SCS piping is decreased due to an increase of heat loss compared with no connection case. The hot-leg injection piping affected by turbulent penetration from the SCS piping has a severe temperature difference that exceeds criterion temperature stated in reference. But the drain piping located in the rear compared with the hot-leg injection piping shows a tiny temperature difference. In a viewpoint of designer, for the purpose of decreasing the thermal stratification effect, it is necessary to increase the length of vertical piping in the SCS piping, and to move the position of the hot-leg injection piping backward.

Study on the Cooling System of Super-Capacitors for Hybrid Electric Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Peng Xia ◽  
Chen Quan Zhou ◽  
Dan Shen ◽  
Hong Jun Ni ◽  
Yin Nan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Heating Mechanism ◽  
In Series ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Super Capacitors

The heating mechanism of the capacitor is researched, the air cooling structure is designed of the capacitors, the model of the cooling of the capacitors is established for the heating phenomenon occurs during the charging and discharging process for super capacitors in series of hybrid electric vehicle. The model of the cooling is simulated based on the software of Star CCM +. The results of experiment show that the maximum temperature difference is less than 5°C among the capacitors, which ensures the consistency of the capacitors working temperature and proves the capacitors work substantially well.

Experimental Investigation on the Minichannel Cold Plate for High Temperature Uniformity Based on a Compact Thermal Model

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobing Luo ◽  
Zhangming Mao
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Cold Plate ◽  
Temperature Uniformity ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Maximum Value

A compact thermal model for multiple heat sources mounted on minichannel cold plate to achieve high temperature uniformity was presented in the authors’ previous work. In this paper, based on this compact thermal model, a fractal tree-like minichannel cold plate was designed and fabricated to obtain high temperature uniformity, and its thermal performance was tested under different working conditions by experiments. The comparison reveals that the measured temperatures are close to the ones predicted by the compact thermal model. The cold plate designed based on the compact thermal model can help multiple heat sources achieve high temperature uniformity, and the maximum temperature difference among the heat sources is 1.3 °C. Moreover, a straight minichannel cold plate was designed and tested under the same conditions. The measured results show that there exists relatively large temperature gap among the heat sources, and the maximum value is 6.7°C, which is much higher than 1.3 °C in the fractal tree-like minichannel. Therefore, the fractal tree-like microchannel or minichannel cold plate has an advantage over the straight one in obtaining temperature uniformity for multiple heat sources.

Thermal Management of a Li-Ion Battery for Electric Vehicles Using PCM and Water-Cooling Board

2019 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Gu Yu Yu ◽  
Sum Wai Chiang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Hong Da Du
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Optimum Operating Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Module

A novel thermal management system (TMS) for Li-ion battery module using phase change material (PCM) and cooling water as the heat dissipation source to control battery temperature rise has been developed. Graphite sheets were applied to compensate low thermal conductivity of battery and PCM and improve temperature uniformity of the batteries. One discharge (1C rate)-charge (2C rate) circle was applied in battery modules to test the effectiveness of this TMS. A three dimensional numerical model of the battery module with the TMS was conducted. The results show that this TMS basically meets the demand about the maximum temperature difference of battery module and totally keeps the maximum temperature within the optimum operating temperature range (≤45°C).

scholarly journals Deferred Cooling System for Desert Climates

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 168781401988805
Author(s):  
MF El Bedaiwy ◽  
MS El Morsi ◽  
MA Serag-Eldin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycles ◽  
Radiation Exchange ◽  
Equipment Sizing

The paper presents the design of a novel heat rejection system suitable for desert climates where daytime temperatures are typically high, nighttime cooling through sky radiation exchange is highly effective, and freshwater is scarce. Desert climates also feature high solar energy intensities during daytime, which can be exploited to power thermodynamic cycles. However, such cycles reject heat during operation, and daytime temperatures are too high for employing air cooling whereas scarcity of freshwater limits the applicability of evaporative cooling. We propose a system that defers dissipation of heat rejected during daytime operation to nighttime when ambient conditions are much more favorable for heat dissipation to the atmosphere. The paper presents the proposed design, its method of operation, and its implementation in a solar-driven ice-making plant in Upper Egypt. A mathematical model was developed to predict system performance and support decision-making over equipment sizing. It was used to simulate the performance of the deferred cooling system over a week. Using weather data collected at New Cairo (30.02 °N latitude, 31.5 °E longitude) in April 2017, the model demonstrated that the system could achieve a maximum temperature drop of 16 °C, which corresponds to a cooling of 47 MJ/m2/night.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Flow Mixing in Tunnel Kilns by Air Side Injection

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Ghareeb Tuaamah Al-Hasnawi ◽  
H. A. Refaey ◽  
T. Redemann ◽  
M. Attalla ◽  
E. Specht
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Injection Velocity ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Mixing Quality

The mixing of the two axial flows through the ware and through the gap between ware and walls using side nozzles in the preheating zone of tunnel kiln is investigated. The three-dimensional temperature field in the cross section between the two cars is calculated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool fluent. The mixing quality is evaluated using contours, the frequency of temperature distribution, and the maximum temperature difference. The influence on the mixing behavior of injection flow rate, injection velocity, nozzles position, and nozzle number has been analyzed. The results show that using two nozzles is more effective than one nozzle if the nozzles are installed at the opposite side walls with high vertical distance. The mixing quality increases strongly until an impulse flow rate (IFR) of about 4 N. For higher values, the influence becomes relatively low. The results for the mixing temperature obtained through CFD simulation compared with analytical results show a good agreement with maximum error of 0.5%.

scholarly journals Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5924
Author(s):  
Danial Karimi ◽  
Hamidreza Behi ◽  
Mohsen Akbarzadeh ◽  
Joeri Van Mierlo ◽  
Maitane Berecibar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Fast Charge ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor ◽  
Charge Discharge

Thermal management is the most vital element of electric vehicles (EV) to control the maximum temperature of module/pack for safety reasons. This paper presents a novel passive thermal management system (TMS) composed of a heat sink (HS) and phase change materials (PCM) for lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) technology under the premise that the cell is cycled with a continuous 150 A fast charge/discharge current rate. The experiments are validated against numerical analysis through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. For this purpose, a comprehensive electro-thermal model based on an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is designed. The designed electro-thermal model combines the ECM model with the thermal model since the performance of the LiC cell highly depends on the temperature. Then, the robustness of the model is evaluated using a precise second-order ECM. The extracted parameters of the electro-thermal model are verified by the experimental results in which the voltage and temperature errors are less than ±5% and ±4%, respectively. Finally, the thermal performance of the HS-assisted PCM TMS is studied under the fast charge/discharge current rate. The 3D CFD results exhibit that the temperature of the LiC when using the PCM-HS as the cooling system was reduced by 38.3% (34.1 °C) compared to the natural convection case study (55.3 °C).

scholarly journals Heat Dissipation Performance of Loader-Digger Cooling System based on Simulation and Test Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Hong-gen Zhou ◽  
Haiyan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cooling Fan ◽  
Cooling Chamber ◽  
Flow Field Characteristics ◽  
Air Cooler

Abstract High temperature of the radiator group is harmful to the power system and hydraulic system. In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the loader, the flow field characteristics of the cooling chamber are analyzed by simulation and heat balance test. Firstly, the mathematical model of heat flow is established. Secondly, the flow field in the cooling chamber under different speeds is simulated based on CFX. And then the influence of fan position and internal flow field distribution on radiator performance is studied. Through the simulation of four different distances, it is concluded that the optimal distance between cooling fan and radiator is 76mm. Finally, a testing system is built for the temperature acquisition of engine water radiator, torque converter oil radiator, hydraulic oil radiator and air-to-air cooler of the hood structure, and then the simulation results are verified. The test results show that the heat dissipation performance of the whole machine meets the requirements after optimization, and the optimized scheme can make the loader-digger in an efficient and energy-saving operation state.

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