scholarly journals Water Status and Yield Response to Deficit Irrigation and Fertilization of Three Olive Oil Cultivars under the Semi-Arid Conditions of Tunisia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouna Aïachi Mezghani ◽  
Amel Mguidiche ◽  
Faiza Allouche Khebour ◽  
Imen Zouari ◽  
Faouzi Attia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

Sustainability of olive production is possible by adopting the modern techniques of irrigation and fertilization. In Tunisia, olive trees are usually cultivated in poor soils, under semi-arid conditions characterized by water scarcity. This study investigated the effects of different water supply and fertilization on leaf water status and crop yield of three different olive oil varieties cultivated in central Tunisia, during four experimental seasons (2014–2017). Three treatments were examined: trees conducted under rainfed conditions (TRF), which represented the control treatment, trees irrigated with 50% ETc (T50) and, finally, trees irrigated with 50% ETc and with additional fertilization (T50F). Leaf water content and potential, yield and water use efficiency have been monitored on three different varieties, Chetoui, Chemlali, and Koroneiki, which are quite typical in the considered region. For all the growing seasons, midday leaf water potentials were measured from April to September. Midday leaf water potentials (MLWP) were generally higher for the two irrigated treatments (T50 and T50F) than for non-irrigated trees (TRF). As the season proceeded, MLWPs tended to decrease during summer for all the treatments and varieties. The lowest values were observed for the non-irrigated trees, varying between −3.25 MPa to −4.75 MPa. Relative leaf water content followed the same trends of midday leaf water potentials. Chetoui showed the lowest yield, which did not exceed 1530 Kg/(ha year), even for irrigated and fertilized trees. On the other hand, the yields of Chemlali and Koroneiki, cumulated in the four years, reached the maximum value of about 20 tons/ha. For these two varieties, the cumulated yield obtained in the control treatment (TRF) resulted significantly lower than the corresponding of the other two treatments (T50 and T50F). The highest irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) was estimated for Chemlali (T50) and (TRF). WUE was equal to 1.22 Kg/m3 for Koroneiki under fertigated treatment (T50F). Application of the only water supply (50% ETc) or associated with fertilizer improved the tree water status and increased the productivity of Chemlali and Koroneiki varieties.

Effect of irrigation and defoliation on the herbage production and water use efficiency of four temperate pasture species

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
GG Johns ◽  
A Lazenby
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use Efficiencies ◽  
Similar Quantity

Measurements were made over a 12-month period of the herbage production of both dryland and irrigated monoculture swards of four temperate pasture species under two defoliation regimes. By relating herbage production to the previously reported water use results for these swards, water use efficiencies (WUE) have been computed. Dryland clover produced 2000 kg/ha less herbage than did the dryland grasses, although it used a similar quantity of water. Consequently, the WUE of dryland clover was substantially less than that of the dryland grasses. Under dryland conditions, fescue not only produced more herbage, but also used water more efficiently than did the other species. Similar amounts of irrigation enabled the clover to yield an extra 6000 kg/ha of herbage compared with a mean grass response of 1760 kg/ha. The irrigated clover swards generally used water much more efficiently than the dryland clover swards. In contrast, the grasses generally used water with similar efficiency under both irrigated and dryland conditions. Under both irrigated and dryland conditions the frequently defoliated swards usually outyielded those cut infrequently as well as making more efficient use of water. The response of pastures to irrigation is discussed in terms of the effects of irrigation on the water status of the plants and the availability of nutrients in the rhizosphere.

Water use efficiency of castor bean under semi-arid conditions of Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 107278
Author(s):  
Darley de Araújo Nascimento ◽  
Alexsandro dos Santos Brito ◽  
Luiz Mariano Neves da Silva ◽  
Leandro Santos Peixouto ◽  
Vanessa Fernandes Cotrim
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Irrigation productivity and water-use efficiency in papaya crop under semi-arid conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (42) ◽  
pp. 4181-4188
Author(s):  
de Oliveira Feitosa Erialdo ◽  
Flávio Batista Araújo Antonio ◽  
Maria Bayma Oliveira Calorine ◽  
Bezerra Lopes Fernando ◽  
Maia de Andradre Eunice
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

Water use efficiency of olive tree under two water treatments in Tunisian semi-arid conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mortadha Ben Hassine ◽  
Olfa Boussadia ◽  
Ahmed Ben Abdelkader ◽  
Ines Moula ◽  
Mariem El Hafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Physiological Responses to Different Substrate Water Contents: Screening for High Water-use Efficiency in Bedding Plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna S. Nemali ◽  
Marc W van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Use Efficiency

Efficient use of irrigation water is increasingly important in the production of bedding plants. Two approaches to efficient water use include reducing irrigation water wastage during production by growing plants at the optimal substrate water content (θ) and growing species with high water-use efficiency (WUE). However, there is little information on the effects of different θ levels on leaf physiology of bedding plants and variation in WUE among different species of bedding plants. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of θ on leaf water relations, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and WUE of bedding plants and to identify the physiological basis for differences in WUE between two bedding plant species. We grew salvia ‘Bonfire Red’ (Salvia splendens Sellow ex Roemer & J.A. Schultes), vinca ‘Cooler Peppermint’ [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.], petunia ‘Lavender White’ (Petunia × hybrida Hort ex. Vilm.), and impatiens ‘Cherry’ (Impatiens walleriana Hook F.) at four constant levels of θ (0.09, 0.15, 0.22, and 0.32 m3·m−3) using an automated irrigation controller. Regardless of species, leaf water potential (Ψw) and leaf photosynthesis (A) of all four species were lower at a θ of 0.09 m3·m−3 and were not different among the other θ levels, but stomatal conductance to H2O (g S) was lower at 0.09 than at 0.15 and 0.22 m3·m−3 and highest at 0.32 m3·m−3. WUE of bedding plants at different θ levels depended on species. The WUE of petunia was unaffected by θ, whereas for the other three species, WUE was higher at a θ of 0.09 m3·m−3 than at 0.32 m3·m−3. Differences in WUE between petunia and salvia were partly from differences in photosynthetic capacity between the two species. Based on the response of A to leaf internal CO2 concentration (Ci), mesophyll conductance to CO2 [gm (a measure of photosynthetic capacity)] was higher in petunia than salvia, whereas gas phase conductance to CO2 (gCO2 ) was similar for these two species, which resulted in higher WUE in petunia than salvia.

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