scholarly journals Assessing Urban Areas’ Vulnerability to Flood Disaster Based on Text Data: A Case Study in Zhengzhou City

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu ◽  
Shen ◽  
Wang
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Disaster Vulnerability ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Flood Disasters

Confronting the frequent flood disasters triggered by torrential downpour, the vulnerability of urban rainstorm flood disasters was analyzed with one highly popular area of research in mind: big data. Web crawler technology was used to extract text information related to floods from Internet and popular social media platforms. Combining these text data with traditional statistical data, a flood disaster vulnerability assessment model based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was established to evaluate rainstorm and flood disaster vulnerability, and the spatial distribution characteristics of vulnerability to pluvial flooding were analyzed based on Geographic Information System (GIS). The established model was applied in Zhengzhou, a city that often suffers from heavy rainstorms. The results show that the areas located near downtown Zhengzhou were more vulnerable to rainstorm and flooding than others, and most of the city could be at moderate and high vulnerability. Finally, the waterlogging spots extracted from various sources were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The results show that most of waterlogging spots were located in very-high and high risk zones, while less waterlogging spots were found in districts with low vulnerability, which demonstrates the discriminative power of the established model based on big data sources. This study overcomes limited data in flood disaster vulnerability assessment methods and provides a basis for flood control and management in cities.

scholarly journals A Case Study of Flood Risk Evaluation Based on Emergy Theory and Cloud Model in Anyang Region, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Zening Wu ◽  
Yuhai Cui ◽  
Yuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Emergy Theory

With the progression of climate change, the intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall have increased in many parts of the world, while the continuous acceleration of urbanization has made cities more vulnerable to floods. In order to effectively estimate and assess the risks brought by flood disasters, this paper proposes a regional flood disaster risk assessment model combining emergy theory and the cloud model. The emergy theory can measure many kinds of hazardous factor and convert them into unified solar emergy (sej) for quantification. The cloud model can transform the uncertainty in flood risk assessment into certainty in an appropriate way, making the urban flood risk assessment more accurate and effective. In this study, the flood risk assessment model combines the advantages of the two research methods to establish a natural and social dual flood risk assessment system. Based on this, the risk assessment system of the flood hazard cloud model is established. This model was used in a flood disaster risk assessment, and the risk level was divided into five levels: very low risk, low risk, medium risk, high risk, and very high risk. Flood hazard risk results were obtained by using the entropy weight method and fuzzy transformation method. As an example for the application of this model, this paper focuses on the Anyang region which has a typical continental monsoon climate. The results show that the Anyang region has a serious flood disaster threat. Within this region, Linzhou County and Anyang County have very high levels of risk for flood disaster, while Hua County, Neihuang County, Wenfeng District and Beiguan District have high levels of risk for flood disaster. These areas are the core urban areas and the economic center of local administrative regions, with 70% of the industrial clusters being situated in these regions. Only with the coordinated development of regional flood control planning, economy, and population, and reductions in the uncertainty of existing flood control and drainage facilities can the sustainable, healthy and stable development of the region be maintained.

scholarly journals Urban settlements' vulnerability to flood risks in African cities: A conceptual framework

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafiu O. Salami ◽  
Jason K. Von Meding ◽  
Helen Giggins
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Flood Risks ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Urban Settlements

In the recent past, the frequency and gravity of large-scale flood disasters have increased globally, resulting in casualties, destruction of property and huge economic loss. The destructive flood disaster devastating Louisiana, USA, is a recent example. Despite the availability of advanced technological capabilities for dealing with floods in developed nations, flood disasters continue to become more rampant and disastrous. Developing countries in Africa such as Benin, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal and Sudan have recently experienced severe flooding, leaving a considerable number of human casualties and thousands displaced. In African cities, most vulnerable urban residents usually have lesser capacity and fewer resources to recover from the shocks of disaster as a result of the failure of governments to build human security for poor African residents. Many scholars have acknowledged the lack of appropriate vulnerability assessment frameworks and policies, questioning the efficiency and effectiveness of the tested models in Africa. The ability to accurately identify, measure and evaluate the various vulnerabilities of affected people and communities is a right step towards reducing disaster risk. This article aimed at developing a framework for assessing urban settlements’ vulnerability to flood risks in Africa. The framework is currently being tested to assess various dimensions of vulnerability drivers in three urban communities in Ibadan metropolis, the third largest city in Nigeria, focusing more on flood risk perceptions and behaviour of the risk bearers. It uses participatory and mixed method approaches to socially construct vulnerability of populations at risk. This model emanates from the evaluation of considerable relevant literature and an array of vulnerability assessment frameworks. It integrates some approaches that are applicable to African cities in a bid to create a versatile tool to assess, identify and mitigate the effects of flood disaster risk and reduce urban poor’s vulnerability to natural and human-induced hazards.

Flood Disaster in Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Inoue ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Development Accounting ◽  
New Type ◽  
Area Development

Progress against flood disasters since the end of Word War II has shown that although human casualties have sharply decreased, material damage has not, despite improvements in flood control facilities. This is partly due to the increased concentration of buildings, infrastructures, and other assets in urban areas. Both natural and social factors are listed, and the implementation of suitable flood control policies is indispensable to saving lives and mitigating disasters in the future. Urban flood disasters are focused as a new type disaster explained in detail, stressing a combination of structural and non-structural measures and wide-area development accounting for both rivers and their entire basins to distribute the load in terms of flood control policy.

scholarly journals Flood disasters in the Changjiang River and their geo-environmental implications

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanzheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Changjiang River ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Changjiang River ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Scientists And Engineers

The archaeological records of past 5,000 years revealed that a period of high (13.6 m) flood occurred in the Changjiang River in 2,000 years BP. A serious flood disaster happened in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River in 1998. This event reverberated through the whole country and led to the very important attention by many scientists and engineers. In this paper, it is proposed to carry out the following three flood control measures. The first is to improve the flood control standard, which includes dredging river course and reinforcing dykes or dams. The second is to dig a channel through the Dongjing River (an old course of the Changjiang River) to divert the flood for avoiding the simultaneous flooding from different rivers and to remove the flood disaster for the Wuhan City. The third is to form gradually a great lake across the Changjiang River to contain the Dongting Lakeand Jianghan Lakes, which will supp ly the fresh water to be enough for the society and economic development of the middle China in the 21st century.

Comprehensive flood control involving citizens in a Japanese watershed

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampei Yamashita ◽  
Yukihiro Shimatani ◽  
Ryoichi Watanabe ◽  
Toshiyuki Moriyama ◽  
Tomoko Minagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The City

In July 2009, the city of Fukuoka, Japan experienced a flood disaster along the Hii River, which runs through densely populated, concrete-covered areas of the city. The drainage system was overwhelmed and the river overflowed due to heavy rainfall and rapid runoff. The event led citizens in its watershed to plan and implement comprehensive flood control. The plan aims not only to mitigate floods but also to revitalize the river environment and populated communities in urban areas. This study reports the activities led by the citizens. They organized and carried out civic forums, workshops, and fieldwork to share views as to how the flood disaster was caused, how floods in the watershed should be controlled, and how the river environment should be rehabilitated. This study illuminates how people, including the flood victims and municipal engineers, can change drastically and communicate effectively in the course of discussing and implementing the comprehensive flood control measures.

scholarly journals How Can Cities Respond to Flood Disaster Risks under Multi-Scenario Simulation? A Case Study of Xiamen, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Shi ◽  
Guofang Zhai ◽  
Shutian Zhou ◽  
Yuwen Lu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Disaster Risk Assessment ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
The Impact

Flood disasters often have serious impacts on cities. Disaster prevention and mitigation schemes for flood disasters must be based on risk assessment. We constructed an indicator system for flood disaster risk assessment from the aspects of hazard factors, sensitivity to the environment, disaster vulnerability, flood disaster prevention, and resilience. Then we add the precipitation factor as a scenario parameter to the assessment of flood disasters, in order to assess the flood disaster risk under annual average precipitation scenarios, multi-year flood season average precipitation scenarios, and large typhoon precipitation scenarios. Xiamen is one of the cities with more serious flood disasters. We select Xiamen as an example and refer to existing indicators of flood disaster assessment. The results show that: (1) the coefficient of variation of flood disasters in Xiamen under the impact of large-scale typhoon precipitation is large; (2) the drainage and flood control capacity of Xiamen is generally insufficient, and the risk in the old city is high; (3) there are many flood-prone locations in Xiamen. Underpass interchanges, underground spaces, and urban villages have become the new key areas for flood control; and (4) the flood risk in the northern mountainous areas of Xiamen is the highest. Based on the assessment results, we further delineate the urban flood control zones and propose corresponding countermeasures. The study expands the research on flood disaster risk assessment, and also provides reference for relevant cities to deal with flood disasters.

scholarly journals Early Warning Model of Sports Injury Based on RBF Neural Network Algorithm

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fuxing He
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Rbf Neural Network ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Data Network ◽  
Model Based

Sports injury is a common problem in athletes’ training. The sports injury assessment model is a physical method to determine the sports injury attributes of specific parts by predicting and evaluating the risk of sports injury. In this paper, we use a neural network to realize big data analysis of sports injury data. Big data network is a method of capturing Internet information by means of cloud computing, which is usually used in the construction of Wan and LAN. This paper analyzes the source of sports risk and the main injury factors, designs the sports injury estimation model based on big data analysis, establishes a new assessment model based on RBF neural network, and builds the big data network environment required for the model operation by improving the topological structure, combining big data and deep neural network. In the built environment, the risk assessment of sports injury can be completed by determining the risk source and identifying the risk factors. The realization of the model can be constrained by the uncertainty conditions so that it can achieve a good operation state.

Quantitative assessment of urban flood disaster vulnerability based on text data: case study in Zhengzhou

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-415
Author(s):  
Zening Wu ◽  
Yanxia Shen ◽  
Huiliang Wang ◽  
Meimei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Vulnerability Curve ◽  
Disaster Vulnerability ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Curve Model

Abstract Planning to evaluate flood disaster vulnerability is a crucial step towards risk mitigation and adaptation. In this study, the vulnerability curve model was established with one highly popular area of research in mind: big data. Web crawler technology was used to extract text information related to floods from Internet and social media platforms. Based on the three indicators of rainfall intensity, duration and coverage area, the heavy rainfall index was calculated, while the comprehensive disaster index was calculated based on the affected population, area and direct economic loss. Taking the heavy rainfall index as an independent variable and comprehensive disaster index as a dependent variable, the vulnerability curve of flood disasters was established, and the performance of this model was validated by comparing it with real-life situations. The results show that the relationship between rainfall and disaster is significant, and there is exponential correlation between the heavy rainfall index and comprehensive disaster index. This model is more than 65% accurate, which demonstrates the discriminative power of the established curve model. The results provide some basis for flood control and management in cities.

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