scholarly journals Sustainable Sewage Sludge Management: From Current Practices to Emerging Nutrient Recovery Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Shaddel ◽  
Hamidreza Bakhtiary-Davijany ◽  
Christian Kabbe ◽  
Farbod Dadgar ◽  
Stein Østerhus
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The World ◽  
Sewage Sludge Management ◽  
Geographical Context

Nutrient recovery from secondary resources, such as wastewater, has received increasing attention in recent years. Nutrient cycle sustainability and recycling approaches are important measures under development and considerations. This paper aims to present an overview of routes and technologies for nutrient recovery from sewage sludge and measures for improving their sustainability. First, current routes for nutrient recovery from sewage sludge are briefly reviewed. Next, an overview of commercial nutrient recovery technologies, projects, and emerging techniques around the world with the key factors for a successful phosphorus recovery technology is presented. Finally, a proposal for improving the sustainability of these practices is presented. It is concluded that the gap between demand and supply can be a major driver for the shift from ‘removal and treat’ to ‘recovery and reuse’. Moreover, there is not, and will never be, a one-size-fits-all solution. Future strategies and roadmaps need to be adapted to the local economy and geographical context more than ever.

scholarly journals Sewage Sludge Treatment by Hydrothermal Carbonization: Feasibility Study for Sustainable Nutrient Recovery and Fuel Production

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2697
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gerner ◽  
Luca Meyer ◽  
Rahel Wanner ◽  
Thomas Keller ◽  
Rolf Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge Treatment

Phosphorus recovery from waste biomass is becoming increasingly important, given that phosphorus is an exhaustible non-renewable resource. For the recovery of plant nutrients and production of climate-neutral fuel from wet waste streams, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been suggested as a promising technology. In this study, digested sewage sludge (DSS) was used as waste material for phosphorus and nitrogen recovery. HTC was conducted at 200 °C for 4 h, followed by phosphorus stripping (PS) or leaching (PL) at room temperature. The results showed that for PS and PL around 84% and 71% of phosphorus, as well as 53% and 54% of nitrogen, respectively, could be recovered in the liquid phase (process water and/or extract). Heavy metals were mainly transferred to the hydrochar and only <1 ppm of Cd and 21–43 ppm of Zn were found to be in the liquid phase of the acid treatments. According to the economic feasibility calculation, the HTC-treatment per dry ton DSS with an industrial-scale plant would cost around 608 USD. Between 349–406 kg of sulfuric acid are required per dry ton DSS to achieve a high yield in phosphorus recovery, which causes additional costs of 96–118 USD. Compared to current sewage sludge treatment costs in Switzerland, which range between 669 USD and 1173 USD, HTC can be an economically feasible process for DSS treatment and nutrient recovery.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Poly-Phosphate Release from Sewage Sludge with Thermal Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 476-483
Author(s):  
Ming Yang Zhang ◽  
Jian Wei Du ◽  
Takahiro Kuba ◽  
Yong Wen
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
The World

Phosphorus is a necessary nutrient element to all lives in the world. Distribution and phosphate rock reserves in the world disclose shortage crisis of phosphorus. Thus phosphorus recovery has been a research hot spot in the world. Mr.Ohtake’ group [1] recommended a new method to recover phosphorus from sewage sludge during heating process. It seems that nearly 90% of the poly-phosphate (poly-P) and 87% of total phosphate (T-P) can be released from cultivated sludge by heating at 70 °C for 1 hour. Meanwhile, released poly-P can precipitate with Ca in neutral condition without any pH adjustment. Sewage sludge was used in this research to identify its performance during thermal treatment. With the increase of temperature and heating time, release of poly-P and T-P increased obviously. However, poly-P would be hydrolyzed when temperature was higher than 80 °C. With addition of EDTA, release of poly-P increased nearly 100%. Migration of metal cations during thermal treatment can provide indirect evidence which kinds of metal cations would make impediment on poly-P release. A novel phenomenon was observed poly-P mixed with ortho-phosphate can precipitate with NH4+ and Mg2+ as struvite at pH 8.5.

Emerging Nutrient Recovery Technologies in Sewage Sludge Management

2022 ◽  
pp. 125-145
Author(s):  
Lalichetti Sagar ◽  
Sagar Maitra ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
Ajar Nath Yadav ◽  
Sultan Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Sewage Sludge Management

scholarly journals Influence of Acids and Alkali as Additives on Hydrothermally Treating Sewage Sludge: Influence on Phosphorus Recovery, Yield, and Energy Value of Hydrochar

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Vicky Shettigondahalli Ekanthalu ◽  
Satyanarayana Narra ◽  
Jan Sprafke ◽  
Michael Nelles
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Sewage Sludge Management

The high moisture content present in sewage sludge hinders the use of sewage sludge in incineration or energy application. This limitation of moisture present in sewage sludge can be obviated by using the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process. In sewage sludge management, the HTC process requires less energy compared to other conventional thermo–chemical management processes. The HTC process produces energy-rich hydrochar products and simultaneously enables phosphorus recovery. This study investigates the influence of organic acids, inorganic acid, and alkali as additives on phosphorus transformation, yield, proximate analysis and the heating value of subsequently produced hydrochar. The analysis includes various process temperatures (200 °C, 220 °C, and 240 °C) in the presence of deionized water, acids (0.1 M and 0.25 M; H2SO4, HCOOH, CH3COOH), and alkali (0.1 M and 0.25 M; NaOH) solutions as feed water. The results show that phosphorus leaching into the process-water, hydrochar yield, proximate analysis, and the heating value of produced hydrochar is pH- and temperature-dependent, and particularly significant in the presence of H2SO4. In contrast, utilization of H2SO4 and NaOH as an additive has a negative influence on the heating value of produced hydrochar.

scholarly journals Co-Management of Sewage Sludge and Other Organic Wastes: A Scandinavian Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3411
Author(s):  
Clara Fernando-Foncillas ◽  
Maria M. Estevez ◽  
Hinrich Uellendahl ◽  
Cristiano Varrone
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Sewage Sludge Management ◽  
The Common ◽  
Green Chemicals

Wastewater and sewage sludge contain organic matter that can be valorized through conversion into energy and/or green chemicals. Moreover, resource recovery from these wastes has become the new focus of wastewater management, to develop more sustainable processes in a circular economy approach. The aim of this review was to analyze current sewage sludge management systems in Scandinavia with respect to resource recovery, in combination with other organic wastes. As anaerobic digestion (AD) was found to be the common sludge treatment approach in Scandinavia, different available organic municipal and industrial wastes were identified and compared, to evaluate the potential for expanding the resource recovery by anaerobic co-digestion. Additionally, a full-scale case study of co-digestion, as strategy for optimization of the anaerobic digestion treatment, was presented for each country, together with advanced biorefinery approaches to wastewater treatment and resource recovery.

scholarly journals Economic impact of refugees

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (27) ◽  
pp. 7449-7453 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Edward Taylor ◽  
Mateusz J. Filipski ◽  
Mohamad Alloush ◽  
Anubhab Gupta ◽  
Ruben Irvin Rojas Valdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
World Food ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Unique Study

In 2015, the United Nations High Commission for Refugees accommodated over 15 million refugees, mostly in refugee camps in developing countries. The World Food Program provided these refugees with food aid, in cash or in kind. Refugees’ impacts on host countries are controversial and little understood. This unique study analyzes the economic impacts of refugees on host-country economies within a 10-km radius of three Congolese refugee camps in Rwanda. Simulations using Monte Carlo methods reveal that cash aid to refugees creates significant positive income spillovers to host-country businesses and households. An additional adult refugee receiving cash aid increases annual real income in the local economy by $205 to $253, significantly more than the $120–$126 in aid each refugee receives. Trade between the local economy and the rest of Rwanda increases by $49 to $55. The impacts are lower for in-kind food aid, a finding relevant to development aid generally.

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