scholarly journals Soil Microbial Communities and Enzyme Activities after Long-Term Application of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers at Different Depths of the Soil Profile

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Holík ◽  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Roman Honzík ◽  
Josef Trögl ◽  
Hana Burdová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
The Impact

Fertilization is a key factor for sustaining productivity in agroecosystems. A long-term experiment in cambisol following periodical application of several types of fertilization has been running at the experimental site since 1954. In this study, we determined the impact of applied inorganic and/or organic fertilizers on the activity of soil enzymes and on the structure of microorganisms at depths of 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm. Single-factor comparison showed that use of inorganic and/or organic fertilizer had an insignificant effect on the activities of soil enzymes (at depths 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) and also on the structure of microbial communities at both depths studied. Only soil respirations exhibited stimulation by combined fertilization. The results, irrespective of sampling depth (0–60 cm), showed that application of combined organic and inorganic fertilization stimulated the activity of glucosidases and use of inorganic fertilizer inhibited the activity of arylsulphatases. Respirations were stimulated by application of organic fertilizer and combined fertilization. Nevertheless, principal component analyses, which calculate with multidimensional data, revealed differences in samples treated by sole mineral fertilizer compared to other variants, especially in the lower layer. In general, our results indicate that use of combined fertilization may improve biological characteristics in deeper parts of soil profile and possibly increase biological activity in agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Bio-organic fertilizers stimulate indigenous soil Pseudomonas populations to enhance plant disease suppression

Microbiome ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Tao ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Wu Xiong ◽  
Zongzhuan Shen ◽  
Shanshan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Bioorganic Fertilizer

Abstract Background Plant diseases caused by fungal pathogen result in a substantial economic impact on the global food and fruit industry. Application of organic fertilizers supplemented with biocontrol microorganisms (i.e. bioorganic fertilizers) has been shown to improve resistance against plant pathogens at least in part due to impacts on the structure and function of the resident soil microbiome. However, it remains unclear whether such improvements are driven by the specific action of microbial inoculants, microbial populations naturally resident to the organic fertilizer or the physical-chemical properties of the compost substrate. The aim of this study was to seek the ecological mechanisms involved in the disease suppressive activity of bio-organic fertilizers. Results To disentangle the mechanism of bio-organic fertilizer action, we conducted an experiment tracking Fusarium wilt disease of banana and changes in soil microbial communities over three growth seasons in response to the following four treatments: bio-organic fertilizer (containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W19), organic fertilizer, sterilized organic fertilizer and sterilized organic fertilizer supplemented with B. amyloliquefaciens W19. We found that sterilized bioorganic fertilizer to which Bacillus was re-inoculated provided a similar degree of disease suppression as the non-sterilized bioorganic fertilizer across cropping seasons. We further observed that disease suppression in these treatments is linked to impacts on the resident soil microbial communities, specifically by leading to increases in specific Pseudomonas spp.. Observed correlations between Bacillus amendment and indigenous Pseudomonas spp. that might underlie pathogen suppression were further studied in laboratory and pot experiments. These studies revealed that specific bacterial taxa synergistically increase biofilm formation and likely acted as a plant-beneficial consortium against the pathogen. Conclusion Together we demonstrate that the action of bioorganic fertilizer is a product of the biocontrol inoculum within the organic amendment and its impact on the resident soil microbiome. This knowledge should help in the design of more efficient biofertilizers designed to promote soil function.

Bio-Organic Fertilizers Manipulate Abundance Patterns of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community Structure To Improve Tomato Productivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bintao Li ◽  
Luodi Guo ◽  
Haoming Wang ◽  
Yulong Li ◽  
Hangxian Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract Background Bio-organic fertilizers has been shown to improve crop yields, partially because of the effects on the structure and function in resident soil microbiome. Purpose and methods Whereas, it is unknown if such improvements have been facilitated by the particular action of microbial inoculants, or the compost substrate. To understand the ecological mechanisms to increase crop productivity by bio-organic fertilizers, we conducted a pot experiment tracking soil physicochemical factors and extracellular enzyme activity over two growth stages and variations of soil microbial communities caused by fertilization practices as below: Bacillus subtilis CY1 inoculation, swine compost, and bio-organic fertilizer. Results Results showed that different fertilization measures, especially bio-organic fertilizers, increased soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and the diversity of microbial communities. For quantifying the “effect size” of microbiota manipulation, we discoverd that, respectively, 19.94% and 48.99% of variation in the bacterial and fungal communities could be interpreted using tested fertilization practices. Fertilization-sensitive microbes showed taxonomy diversity and gave responses as guilds of taxa to specific treatments. The microbes exhibited medium to high degree of co-occurrence in the network and could be recruited, directly or indirectly, by B. subtilis CY1, suggesting that bio-organic fertilizer may allow manipulation of influential community members.Conclusion Together we demonstrated that the increase in tomato productivity by bio-organic fertilizer was caused by the synergistic effect of organic fertilizer and beneficial microorganisms, thus providing novel insights into the soil microbiome manipulation strategies of biologically-enhanced organic fertilizers.

scholarly journals The Impact of Bio-Organic and N, P, K Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Potato

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duraid K.A. AL-Taey ◽  
Rusul F. AL-Shmary
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Bio-organic agriculture considers the medium- and long-term impact of agricultural interferences on the agro-ecosystem. It aims to produce food while setting an ecological balance to soil fertility. Bio-organic agriculture takes a proactive design as opposed to treating problems after they emerge, so the study was conducted for studying two factors: First: the cultivars (Riviera and Arizona) class A resulting from cultivation of class E imported and cultivated in spring season 2018. The second factor: fertilizer combinations (bio-organic fertilizers compared with traditional chemical fertilizers). Arizona cultivar significantly achieved the highest values, in most of the study parameters compared to Rivera cultivar. Significant differences were observed between the treatments of fertilizer combinations, the treatment (organic fertilizer + bio-fertilizer + 25% chemical fertilizer) significantly achieved the best values compared to the control. Bi-interaction treatment (Arizona cultivar + organic fertilizer + bio-fertilizer + chemical fertilizer 25%) achieved the highest yield per hectare (43.24 tons.ha−1).

scholarly journals Bio-organic fertilizers stimulate indigenous soil Pseudomonas populations to enhance plant disease suppression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Tao ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Wu Xiong ◽  
Zongzhuan Shen ◽  
Shanshan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Bioorganic Fertilizer

Abstract Background: Plant diseases caused by fungal pathogen result in a substantial economic impact on the global food and fruit industry. Application of organic fertilizers supplemented with biocontrol microorganisms (i.e. bioorganic fertilizers) has been shown to improve resistance against plant pathogens at least in part due to impacts on the structure and function of the resident soil microbiome. However, it remains unclear whether such improvements are driven by the specific action of microbial inoculants, microbial populations naturally resident to the organic fertilizer or the physical-chemical properties of the compost substrate. The aim of this study was to seek the ecological mechanisms involved in the disease suppressive activity of bio-organic fertilizers.Results: To disentangle the mechanism of bio-organic fertilizer action, we conducted an experiment tracking Fusarium wilt disease of banana and changes in soil microbial communities over three growth seasons in response to the following four treatments: bio-organic fertilizer (containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W19), organic fertilizer, sterilized organic fertilizer and sterilized organic fertilizer supplemented with B. amyloliquefaciens W19. We found that sterilized bioorganic fertilizer to which Bacillus was re-inoculated provided a similar degree of disease suppression as the non-sterilized bioorganic fertilizer. We further observed that disease suppression in these treatments could be linked to impacts on the resident soil microbial communities, with noted increases in specific Pseudomonas spp.. The link between Bacillus amendment and indigenous Pseudomonas spp. was further examined using pot experiments and biofilm assays. Conclusion: Together we demonstrate that the action of bioorganic fertilizer is a product of the biocontrol inoculum within the organic amendment and its impact on the resident soil microbiome. This knowledge should help in the design of more efficient biofertilizers designed to promote soil function.

scholarly journals Bio-organic fertilizers stimulate indigenous soil Pseudomonas populations to enhance plant disease suppression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Tao ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Wu Xiong ◽  
Zongzhuan Shen ◽  
Shanshan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Bioorganic Fertilizer

Abstract Background: Plant diseases caused by fungal pathogen result in a substantial economic impact on the global food and fruit industry. Application of organic fertilizers supplemented with biocontrol microorganisms ( i.e. bioorganic fertilizers) has been shown to improve resistance against plant pathogens at least in part due to impacts on the structure and function of the resident soil microbiome. However, it remains unclear whether such improvements are driven by the specific action of microbial inoculants, microbial populations naturally resident to the organic fertilizer or the physical-chemical properties of the compost substrate. The aim of this study was to seek the ecological mechanisms involved in the disease suppressive activity of bio-organic fertilizers. Results: To disentangle the mechanism of bio-organic fertilizer action, we conducted an experiment tracking Fusarium wilt disease of banana and changes in soil microbial communities over three growth seasons in response to the following four treatments: bio-organic fertilizer (containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W19), organic fertilizer, sterilized organic fertilizer and sterilized organic fertilizer supplemented with B. amyloliquefaciens W19. We found that sterilized bioorganic fertilizer to which Bacillus was re-inoculated provided a similar degree of disease suppression as the non-sterilized bioorganic fertilizer across cropping seasons. We further observed that disease suppression in these treatments is linked to impacts on the resident soil microbial communities, specifically by leading to increases in specific Pseudomonas spp.. Observed correlations between Bacillus amendment and indigenous Pseudomonas spp. that might underlie pathogen suppression were further studied in laboratory and pot experiments. These studies revealed that specific bacterial taxa synergistically increase biofilm formation and likely acted as a plant-beneficial consortium against the pathogen. Conclusion: Together we demonstrate that the action of bioorganic fertilizer is a product of the biocontrol inoculum within the organic amendment and its impact on the resident soil microbiome. This knowledge should help in the design of more efficient biofertilizers designed to promote soil function.

Metaproteome of the microbial community in paddy soil after long-term treatment with mineral and organic fertilizers

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wu ◽  
Chuan-Hai Li ◽  
Juan Zhao ◽  
Yong-Liang Xiao ◽  
Hui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Long Term Treatment

The soil microbial community research conducted in the field has focused on the genetic diversity of these organisms. In this study, we assessed the proteins expressed in soil microbial communities following the long-term application of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and organic manure (M) to paddy soil, indirect extraction method and separated via two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and identified using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) approach. We found that the number of cells in the primary soil in the M treatment was significantly greater than in the NPK and CK treatments. The numbers of cells extracted were consistent with the total cell numbers and the concentration of extracted proteins (CK < NPK < M). 303 and 306 protein spots being detected in the CK map and NPK map, respectively. Eleven spots of interest were identified in the 2D gels, including 8 different protein spots and 3 unique protein spots. Three common proteins involved in protein hydrolysis and glutamate synthesis and metabolism. Eight differentially expressed proteins involved in DNA replication, transcription, protein folding and energy metabolism, the processes of cofactor and vitamin metabolism, transcriptional regulation, recombination and xenobiotic compound biodegradation and metabolism. The long-term application of fertilization resulted in significant changes in the microbial community structure and function, and the long-term application of pig manure significantly increased the microbial biomass and the functional and structural diversity in the soil. It is very interesting to address the MS identification of intracellular proteins from microbial communities under different fertilizer treatments in a paddy soil.

The impact of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles on soil microbial communities is soil dependent

2019 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
María T. Gómez-Sagasti ◽  
Lur Epelde ◽  
Mikel Anza ◽  
Julen Urra ◽  
Itziar Alkorta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron ◽  
The Impact

Impact of Long-Term Organic Fertilizer Application on Lignin in Mollisol

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1332-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Hong Bo He ◽  
Hong Tu Xie ◽  
Zhen Bai ◽  
Xu Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Degradation Degree ◽  
Northeast Of China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cuo Oxidation

Fertilization is one of the essential managements to maintain and increase soil organic carbon (SOC) level in agroecosystems. It has been realized that fertilizer applications influenced the turnover of labile and refractory organic carbon pools in arable soil markedly. However, the dynamic of relatively refractory lignin in response to fertilization is still kept unclear. Therefore, the impact of long-term organic fertilization on the content and degradation degree of lignin in Mollisol was investigated. Lignin monomers were released by alkaline CuO oxidation method and quantified by gas chromatography (GC). At the time scale of decades, lignin was clearly accumulated in soil and the relative accumulation of lignin in SOC was evident after long-term organic fertilizer application. Compared with the unfertilized soil, lower acid to aldehyde ratios of vanillyl and syringyl units induced by organic fertilization suggested a lower degradation degree of lignin incorporated into soil to some extent. It could be concluded that long-term organic fertilization was an effective fertilizer practice for lignin accumulation in soil and SOC sequestration in Mollisol in northeast of China.

scholarly journals Profiling soil microbial communities with next-generation sequencing: the influence of DNA kit selection and technician technical expertise

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Soliman ◽  
Sung-Yin Yang ◽  
Tomoko Yamazaki ◽  
Holger Jenke-Kodama
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Structure and diversity of microbial communities are an important research topic in biology, since microbes play essential roles in the ecology of various environments. Different DNA isolation protocols can lead to data bias and can affect results of next-generation sequencing. To evaluate the impact of protocols for DNA isolation from soil samples and also the influence of individual handling of samples, we compared results obtained by two researchers (R and T) using two different DNA extraction kits: (1) MO BIO PowerSoil® DNA Isolation kit (MO_R and MO_T) and (2) NucleoSpin® Soil kit (MN_R and MN_T). Samples were collected from six different sites on Okinawa Island, Japan. For all sites, differences in the results of microbial composition analyses (bacteria, archaea, fungi, and other eukaryotes), obtained by the two researchers using the two kits, were analyzed. For both researchers, the MN kit gave significantly higher yields of genomic DNA at all sites compared to the MO kit (ANOVA; P <0.006). In addition, operational taxonomic units for some phyla and classes were missed in some cases: Micrarchaea were detected only in the MN_T and MO_R analyses; the bacterial phylum Armatimonadetes was detected only in MO_R and MO_T; and WIM5 of the phylum Amoebozoa of eukaryotes was found only in the MO_T analysis. Our results suggest the possibility of handling bias; therefore, it is crucial that replicated DNA extraction be performed by at least two technicians for thorough microbial analyses and to obtain accurate estimates of microbial diversity.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of proteins, lipids, and metabolites in two organic fertilizer products derived from different nutrient sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyu Li ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Laura S. Bailey ◽  
Manasi N. Kamat ◽  
Kari B. Basso
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Soil Microbial

AbstractThe biochemical composition of organic fertilizers largely determines their nutrient supply characteristics following soil application as well as their potential impact on soil microbial communities. Yet, limited information is available regarding the biochemical composition of organic fertilizers derived from different nutrient sources. Here, we qualitatively analyzed the presence and abundance of proteins, lipids, and metabolites in a liquid fish fertilizer (LFF) product and a type of granular organic fertilizer (GOF) commonly used in organic vegetable production, using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Our results suggest that the presence and abundance of proteins, lipids, and metabolites differ greatly between GOF and LFF. The qualitative analysis shows LFF as a rich source of metabolites, while complex proteins and long-chain saturated fatty acids are dominant in GOF. The degree of biochemical composition complexity may help explain the varying impacts of different types of organic fertilizers on nutrient availability, soil health, and environmental quality.

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