scholarly journals Does Quality of Government Matter in Public Health?: Comparing the Role of Quality and Quantity of Government at the National Level

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunhee Kim ◽  
Jaesun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Government Effectiveness ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the degree of direct or indirect impact of quality and quantity of government on public health. It is a very important topic in that previous studies did not consider the role of government; they focused on the impact of national economic, social, and political factors on public health, therefore, disregarding the governmental factors. We measured the quantity of government by public expenditure on heath (i.e., rate of share of government budget to gross domestic product (GDP)) and the quality of government by five variables such as corruption control, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, voice and accountability, and rule of law. Based on national-level panel data (three waves) that covered 148–194 countries, we examined how quality and quantity of government has an impact on four kinds of public health, i.e., infant mortality, under-five mortality, maternal mortality, and life expectancy. Results show that both the quality and quantity of government had a significant impact on public health. In the quality of government, government effectiveness has a positive impact on life expectancy and a negative influence on infant deaths. Moreover, the quality of government has a greater impact on public health than the quantity of government. Lastly, the quality of government plays a role in moderating the relationships between quantity of government and the predicted variables.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

scholarly journals Measuring Quality Determinants of Financial Statements

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 884-893
Author(s):  
Widya Andelina ◽  
Aprih Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
The Impact

The research aims to study the impact of the role of internal audit, the application of regional accounting systems, and human resource competencies on the quality of financial statements. A sample of 141 employees according to the purposive sampling method and by distributing questionnaires. It turned out that the questionnaire returned was only from 138 employees. Data analyzed through moderate regression analysis (MRA) from the SPSS program. The results of the study stated that the role of internal audit has a negative impact on the quality of financial statements, the application of regional accounting systems and human resource competencies have a positive impact on the quality of financial statements

scholarly journals FUNGSI PRODUKSI PUSAT KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT*

Populasi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yusril
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Role Of Government

This study on the productivity of the Community Health Centers was carried out in the province of Bengkulu. 31 Health Centers constituted the sample used in this study, which were then divided into three categories, that is, category 1, comprising of 1 Community Health Center, category 2, comprising of 17 Health Centers, and category 3, comprising of 13 Health Centers. This study was aimed at determining the factors which influence the productivity of Community Health Centers.The results of the study indicate that the role of leadership, the implementing work force, the place of service, the duration of the service, and the budget,allhavea positive influence on the productivity of the Community Health Centers. On the other hand however, the service charges, and the health service substitution has a negative influence on the productivity of the Community Health Centers. This paper shows that the role of government is still very dominant in improving on the productivity and the quality of the Community Health Centers, particularly in funding and deploying professional workforce (leaders, paramedics and non-paramedics).

scholarly journals Quality eLearning in Distance Learning: Benefits and Implications for National eLearning Policy in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hannah Ayaba Tanye
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Distance Learners ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
University Management ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The continual innovation in technology has ripple effect on the way services are offered and undoubtedly has affected educational policies leading to educational reform. Governments, including the Government of Ghana have shown support to Universities in their implementation of eLearning. However, there is gap in the eLearning practice in Ghana. A well structured eLearning system with a supervisory role of Government and support system from university management for eLearners is little to none. How should online course be accredited? What pedagogy would ensure that the impact of skills and knowledge are not compromise for distance learners? What security measures should be put in place to ensure that learner’s data is secured? How Universities collaboration challenges can be minimized? and How students’ satisfaction level of eLearning system can be enhanced? This study seeks to answer these questions as a basis for eLearning policy debate at the National level. 

The impact of leader–member exchange on lodging employees’ dynamic capacities: The mediating role of job satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Bekir Eşitti ◽  
Mesut Kasap
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Firms take precautions with their dynamic capacities in response to rapidly changing and volatile conditions. Leader–member exchange refers to the importance of supervisors’ role in shaping employees’ work attitudes and job satisfaction. Previous researches on the relation between leader–member exchange and dynamic capabilities obtained mixed results; a call has been made for an examination of dynamic capabilities of lodging firms from the perspective of leader–member exchange. This research predicts that leader–member exchange is associated with dynamic capabilities and higher level of job satisfaction. Thus, this study examines the impact of five-star hotel employees’ leader–member exchange on the dynamic capabilities of a hospitality organization and the mediation role of job satisfaction between leader–member exchange and dynamic capabilities. Results from five hotel teams in Istanbul with 390 employees show that job satisfaction has a meaningful and positive impact on dynamic capabilities. Leader–member exchange has a statistically significant impact on dynamic capabilities and job satisfaction partially mediating the relationship between leader–member exchange and dynamic capabilities. This study also provides valuable recommendations on how to assess the service quality of lodging firms by assessing their dynamic capabilities. Specifically, Istanbul’s lodging firms should focus on job satisfaction to improve the dynamic capability of their employees.

scholarly journals Democratic governance (Studi mengenai governability dalam pengembangan UMKM berbasis e-commerce di Kota Yogyakarta)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanantyo Sri Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

<p align="center"> The development of technological progress has had a significant impact on. The impact is the same access to information that flows very quickly and easily. Alternative,. Changes in the centralistic direction towards decentralization. Of course, this is in accordance with the spirit of local economic development at the regional level. This study uses a qualitative approach, where the main question that arises is how to achieve local economic development. Based on this, it is necessary to make efforts to spur economic growth in exploiting the market. Later, this research is focused on the role of government in conducting program of empowerment of UMKM based on e-commerce, and role of government in using dialogue room. Therefore, the target of this research is the UMKM which has been assisted by the government through e-commerce. Based on this, the formulation of the problems that are built is 1) How the role of local government of Yogyakarta in the development of UMKM based e-commerce, 2) How the quality of the use of space dialogue in the development of UMKM-based e-commers. This research uses qualitative approach. The result of this research is the ability of government in developing UMKM with linear e-commerce based on democratic governance quality, that is empowerment and p</p>

scholarly journals Microcredit, Personal Empowerment and Quality of Life of Women Borrowers

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Sana Fayyaz ◽  
Roslan Abdul Hakim ◽  
Shazida Jan Mohd Khan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Personal Empowerment ◽  
Development Literature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The issue of marginalisation of women in development, particularly in South Asia, has been highlighted in the development literature. Women in this region are found to be generally poor, lack of education, and have a low quality of life, due to various economic and cultural reasons. Thus, unlocking the potentials of these women appears to be a plausible move as this could improve not only their income, but also their quality of life. One such initiative to unlock the potential of these women is microcredit program, where small loan is given to these women to enable them to embark on economic activities, which consequently improve their household income and quality of life. Indeed, there have been many studies that examine the relationship between microcredit and quality of life, and found that there is a positive relationship between microcredit and quality of life of the borrowers (women). However, most of these studies implicitly assume that the impact of microcredit on quality of life is direct, and hence, did not consider the role of other factors in evaluating the impact of microcredit on quality of life. Here, we argue that, the impact of microcredit on quality of life is not direct, but rather indirect. We believe personal empowerment does play an important role in influencing the impact of microcredit on quality of life. The mere availability of microcredit, in our view, did not guarantee a positive impact on quality of life. Rather, the availability of credit to borrowers affects their personal confidence, which consequently affects their level of quality of life. This paper discusses the theoretical framework by which these variables - microcredit, personal empowerment and quality of life - are inter-related.

scholarly journals Human Capital and Economic Growth: The Role of Governance

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 529-549
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad ◽  
Abiodun Egbetokun ◽  
Manzoor Hussain Memon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Adoption And Diffusion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Economists agree that human capital is an important determinant of economic growth [Arrow (1962); Aghion and Howitt (1992)]. Human capital-led growth generally concludes the positive impact of the two with the help of existing developed theories and empirical evidences. Nonetheless, the standard empirical result of a direct relationship between human capital (however measured) and economic growth, has been criticised on several fronts. First, the impact of other growth-related factors like quality of education, health of the labour force, inflation, corruption, unemployment, rule of law, etc. should not be ignored. These endogenous characteristics of a country are included in Becker‘s (1993) definition of human capital. In addition, as noted by Abramovitz (1986), social capabilities are important in the adoption and diffusion of technologies but countries differ in social capabilities. Therefore, to the extent to which human capital contributes to economic growth through innovation, its effect is conditioned by the country‘s social capabilities which include factors like quality of institutions and governance.

scholarly journals The Role of Discrete Emotions in Risk Perception and Policy Support during Public Health Crises: The Moderation Effect of SNS Dependency

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11654
Author(s):  
Soohee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Network Services ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
The Impact

People often experience strong emotions during public health crises. This study examines how these emotions shape the perception of risk and support for policies to address the risk. In particular, this study explores the moderating effects of social network services (SNS) use in the process, considering that SNS have become a prominent communication platform during crises. Using a nationwide online survey conducted on the issue of fine dust air pollution in South Korea, this study found that feelings of anxiety, anger, and sadness about the risk issue were positively related to risk perception and policy support, while the relative effects of these emotions varied. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that reliance on SNS for learning (i.e., SNS learning dependency) moderated the influence of anxiety: the positive impact of anxiety was greater among those who used SNS for learning, while no such effects were found among those who used SNS for play or entertainment (i.e., SNS entertainment dependency). The implications of this study are discussed in terms of the distinct role emotions play in public responses to risks and the importance of considering the impact of SNS on public perceptions and judgments in this era of social media.

scholarly journals The role of government auditing in controlling the level of corruption in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Anggreni Dian Kurniawati ◽  
Yohanes Mario Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Financial Supervision ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Audit Opinion ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Auditing ◽  
The Impact

The regional autonomy system has a great impact on the Indonesian local government to create good governance so as to prevent corruption. This study aims to examine the impact of detection of irregularities, audit opinion, and audit rectification on the level of corruption in provincial governments in Indonesia. The data collected in this research was the audit report of the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia and the annual report of The Corruption Eradication Commission in 34 provinces in 2015-2019. Further, the data was analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that the detection of irregularities and audit rectification has a positive impact on the level of corruption, while the irregularities and audit opinion do not have impact on the level of corruption. These results are expected to encourage the government to strengthen its financial supervision system.

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