scholarly journals Rapid Transit Systems: Smarter Urban Planning Using Big Data, In-Memory Computing, Deep Learning, and GPUs

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aqib ◽  
Rashid Mehmood ◽  
Ahmed Alzahrani ◽  
Iyad Katib ◽  
Aiiad Albeshri ◽  
...  

Rapid transit systems or metros are a popular choice for high-capacity public transport in urban areas due to several advantages including safety, dependability, speed, cost, and lower risk of accidents. Existing studies on metros have not considered appropriate holistic urban transport models and integrated use of cutting-edge technologies. This paper proposes a comprehensive approach toward large-scale and faster prediction of metro system characteristics by employing the integration of four leading-edge technologies: big data, deep learning, in-memory computing, and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Using London Metro as a case study, and the Rolling Origin and Destination Survey (RODS) (real) dataset, we predict the number of passengers for six time intervals (a) using various access transport modes to reach the train stations (buses, walking, etc.); (b) using various egress modes to travel from the metro station to their next points of interest (PoIs); (c) traveling between different origin-destination (OD) pairs of stations; and (d) against the distance between the OD stations. The prediction allows better spatiotemporal planning of the whole urban transport system, including the metro subsystem, and its various access and egress modes. The paper contributes novel deep learning models, algorithms, implementation, analytics methodology, and software tool for analysis of metro systems.

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aqib ◽  
Rashid Mehmood ◽  
Ahmed Alzahrani ◽  
Iyad Katib ◽  
Aiiad Albeshri ◽  
...  

Road transportation is the backbone of modern economies, albeit it annually costs 1.25 million deaths and trillions of dollars to the global economy, and damages public health and the environment. Deep learning is among the leading-edge methods used for transportation-related predictions, however, the existing works are in their infancy, and fall short in multiple respects, including the use of datasets with limited sizes and scopes, and insufficient depth of the deep learning studies. This paper provides a novel and comprehensive approach toward large-scale, faster, and real-time traffic prediction by bringing four complementary cutting-edge technologies together: big data, deep learning, in-memory computing, and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). We trained deep networks using over 11 years of data provided by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), the largest dataset that has been used in deep learning studies. Several combinations of the input attributes of the data along with various network configurations of the deep learning models were investigated for training and prediction purposes. The use of the pre-trained model for real-time prediction was explored. The paper contributes novel deep learning models, algorithms, implementation, analytics methodology, and software tool for smart cities, big data, high performance computing, and their convergence.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Ampavathi ◽  
Vijaya Saradhi T

UNSTRUCTURED Big data and its approaches are generally helpful for healthcare and biomedical sectors for predicting the disease. For trivial symptoms, the difficulty is to meet the doctors at any time in the hospital. Thus, big data provides essential data regarding the diseases on the basis of the patient’s symptoms. For several medical organizations, disease prediction is important for making the best feasible health care decisions. Conversely, the conventional medical care model offers input as structured that requires more accurate and consistent prediction. This paper is planned to develop the multi-disease prediction using the improvised deep learning concept. Here, the different datasets pertain to “Diabetes, Hepatitis, lung cancer, liver tumor, heart disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease”, from the benchmark UCI repository is gathered for conducting the experiment. The proposed model involves three phases (a) Data normalization (b) Weighted normalized feature extraction, and (c) prediction. Initially, the dataset is normalized in order to make the attribute's range at a certain level. Further, weighted feature extraction is performed, in which a weight function is multiplied with each attribute value for making large scale deviation. Here, the weight function is optimized using the combination of two meta-heuristic algorithms termed as Jaya Algorithm-based Multi-Verse Optimization algorithm (JA-MVO). The optimally extracted features are subjected to the hybrid deep learning algorithms like “Deep Belief Network (DBN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)”. As a modification to hybrid deep learning architecture, the weight of both DBN and RNN is optimized using the same hybrid optimization algorithm. Further, the comparative evaluation of the proposed prediction over the existing models certifies its effectiveness through various performance measures.


Big data is large-scale data collected for knowledge discovery, it has been widely used in various applications. Big data often has image data from the various applications and requires effective technique to process data. In this paper, survey has been done in the big image data researches to analysis the effective performance of the methods. Deep learning techniques provides the effective performance compared to other methods included wavelet based methods. The deep learning techniques has the problem of requiring more computational time, and this can be overcome by lightweight methods.


2019 ◽  
pp. 1049-1070
Author(s):  
Fabian Neuhaus

User data created in the digital context has increasingly been of interest to analysis and spatial analysis in particular. Large scale computer user management systems such as digital ticketing and social networking are creating vast amount of data. Such data systems can contain information generated by potentially millions of individuals. This kind of data has been termed big data. The analysis of big data can in its spatial but also in a temporal and social nature be of much interest for analysis in the context of cities and urban areas. This chapter discusses this potential along with a selection of sample work and an in-depth case study. Hereby the focus is mainly on the use and employment of insight gained from social media data, especially the Twitter platform, in regards to cities and urban environments. The first part of the chapter discusses a range of examples that make use of big data and the mapping of digital social network data. The second part discusses the way the data is collected and processed. An important section is dedicated to the aspects of ethical considerations. A summary and an outlook are discussed at the end.


2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geophrey Mbatta ◽  
Thobias Sando ◽  
Ren Moses

The safe and efficient movement of passengers to and from the high-capacity transit system to other modes of transportation is of paramount importance to transportation officials. Transit stations are the primary interfaces for passengers with the transit system. This paper presents a procedure which could be used to develop station design criteria and guidelines with a focus on intermodal connectivity. The proposed procedure may be used for developing station design criteria and guidelines for high-capacity transit systems including rail project and Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). A successful implementation of the transit projects will result in higher ridership rates and hence reduce dependency on automobile driving along Florida highways.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Grayson ◽  
E. Garcia

Wind power continues to be produced by large-scale wind farms in remote areas. Supplying urban areas requires that this power be transmitted over vast distances. Generating power locally in urban cities not only decreases transmission distances but reduces external demand by using the harvested energy on site. A crucial element in the use of wind in the built environment as a source of energy is finding ways to maximize its flow. As flow approaches the windward façade of a building’s structure, it is disturbed, causing an increase in velocity both at the roof’s edge and above the separation bubble. Energy harvesting devices are usually placed in this flow region. The aim of this study is to further investigate the accelerated flow by modifying the building’s structure to be a concentrator of the wind, thereby maximizing the available wind power. Using computational fluid dynamics, sloped façades at varying angles were investigated. Simulations show that at an angle of 30°, the velocity is amplified by more than 100% at the separation point directly above the roof’s leading edge. Currently, wind tunnel experiments simulating flow behavior are being conducted and it is expected that analysis of the data will validate and support the findings presented.


Author(s):  
Shen Lu ◽  
Richard S. Segall

Big data is large-scale data and can be either discrete or continuous. This article entails research that discusses the continuous case of big data often called “data streaming.” More and more businesses will depend on being able to process and make decisions on streams of data. This article utilizes the algorithmic side of data stream processing often called “stream analytics” or “stream mining.” Data streaming Windows Join can be improved by using graphics processing unit (GPU) for higher performance computing. Data streams are generated by two independent threads: one thread can be used to generate Data Stream A, and the other thread can be used to generate Data Stream B. One would use a Windows Join thread to merge the two data streams, which is also the process of “Data Stream Window Join.” The Window Join process can be implemented in parallel that can efficiently improve the computing speed. Experiments are provided for Data Stream Window Joins using both static and dynamic data.


Author(s):  
Fabian Neuhaus

User data created in the digital context has increasingly been of interest to analysis and spatial analysis in particular. Large scale computer user management systems such as digital ticketing and social networking are creating vast amount of data. Such data systems can contain information generated by potentially millions of individuals. This kind of data has been termed big data. The analysis of big data can in its spatial but also in a temporal and social nature be of much interest for analysis in the context of cities and urban areas. This chapter discusses this potential along with a selection of sample work and an in-depth case study. Hereby the focus is mainly on the use and employment of insight gained from social media data, especially the Twitter platform, in regards to cities and urban environments. The first part of the chapter discusses a range of examples that make use of big data and the mapping of digital social network data. The second part discusses the way the data is collected and processed. An important section is dedicated to the aspects of ethical considerations. A summary and an outlook are discussed at the end.


2020 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Teresa Pamuła

The estimation of energy consumption has become an important prerequisite for planning the implementation of electric buses and the required infrastructure for charging them in public urban transport. The article proposes a model for estimating electric bus energy consumption for the bus line of public urban transport. The developed model uses a deep learning network to estimate bus energy consumption, stop by stop, accounting for the road characteristics. The research aimed to develop a neural model for estimating electric energy consumption so that it can be easily applied in large bus networks using real data sources that are widely available to bus operators. The deep learning networks allow for the effective use of a large number of sample data (big data). The energy needed to power a bus which travels a distance from a bus stop to a bus stop is a function of selected parameters, such as distance between stops, driving time between stops, time at the bus stop, average number of passengers, the slope of the road, average speed between stops, extra energy – fixed value for the section. The given relationships were mapped using a neural network. A neural model for estimating the energy consumption of an electric bus can be used in works for determining the necessary battery capacity, for the design of optimized charging strategies and to determine charging infrastructure requirements for electric buses in a public transport network. Ocena zapotrzebowania na energię stała się ważnym warunkiem wstępnym planowania wdrażania autobusów elektrycznych oraz wymaganej infrastruktury do ich ładowania w publicznym transporcie miejskim. W artykule zaproponowano model szacowania zużycia energii przez autobus elektryczny dla linii autobusowej przedsiębiorstwa komunikacji miejskiej. W opracowanym modelu do wyznaczenia zapotrzebowania na energię autobusu na odcinku drogi od przystanku do przystanku z uwzględnieniem charakterystyki drogi lokalnej użyto sieci neuronowej typu deep learning. Celem badań było opracowanie neuronowego modelu szacowania zużycia energii elektrycznej tak, aby można go było łatwo zastosować w dużych sieciach autobusowych przy użyciu rzeczywistych źródeł danych, które są powszechnie dostępne dla operatorów transportu autobusowego. Użycie sieci typu deep learning pozwala na efektywne wykorzystanie dużej liczby danych wzorcowych (tzw. big data). Przyjęto, że wartość energii potrzebna do pokonania odległości od przystanku do przystanku autobusowego jest funkcją wybranych parametrów, takich jak: odległość między przystankami, czas trwania jazdy na odcinku między przystankami, czas przebywania autobusu na przystanku, średnia liczba pasażerów, kąt nachylenia drogi, średnia prędkość na odcinku, energia dodatkowa – stała wartość dla odcinka. Podane zależności zostały odwzorowane za pomocą sieci neuronowej. Neuronowy model oszacowania zużycia energii przez autobus elektryczny może zostać użyty w pracach mających na celu określenie niezbędnej pojemności akumulatorów, zaprojektowanie zoptymalizowanych strategii ładowania oraz określenie wymogów w zakresie infrastruktury ładowania dla autobusów elektrycznych w sieci transportu publicznego.


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