scholarly journals Soil and Crop Management Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity within Sustainable Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Shah ◽  
Wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Integrated Crop Management

The rising population and reduction in the amount of land and some other resources have created tremendous pressure on current agricultural producers to meet the increasing food demands. To cope with this challenge, certain key inputs, such as fertilizers and other chemicals, are overused, which are worsening the surroundings. This intensive agricultural production without adherence to ecological sustainability has led to declining soil health, land degradation, and severe environmental problems. So, future efforts to feed the growing population should aim for greater agricultural production within sustainable environments. In this regard, innovative steps are needed, as business-as-usual policies lack the potential to cope with these challenges. The concept of agricultural sustainability and various soil and crop management strategies (SCMS) that have been designed to optimize crop yield under sustainable environmental conditions are discussed, including nutrient management, site specific nutrient management (SSNM), integrated nutrient management (INM), integrated soil fertility management (ISFM), integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM), ridge-furrow mulching systems (RFMS), sustainable water management (SWM), conservation agriculture (CA), sustainable land management (SLM), vertical/sky farming, and integrated crop management, and breeding strategies as well as other approaches combined with technological and behavioural changes. The present review suggests that a sustainable production system can be developed by combining the multifaceted efforts under SCMS practices with short- and long-term preventive measures. Reducing chemicals’ usage, such as that of fertilizers and pesticides, plus improvements in the crop input use efficiency could minimize greenhouse gases emissions while protecting the environment. Sustainable agriculture holds promise for humankind and the planet Earth, and it can be successful if all developed and developing nations stand together to seek ‘our common future’ to produce more food while generating less environmental pressure.

Connecting Crop Nutrient Use Efficiency to Future Soil Productivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Fernando García ◽  
Andrés Grasso ◽  
María González Sanjuan ◽  
Adrián Correndo ◽  
Fernando Salvagiotti
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Use Efficiency

Trends over the past 25 years indicate that Argentina’s growth in its grain crop productivity has largely been supported by the depletion of the extensive fertility of its Pampean soils. Long-term research provides insight into sustainable nutrient management strategies ready for wide-scale adoption.

scholarly journals Optimising Cropping Techniques for Nutrient and Environmental Management in Organic Agriculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Kopke ◽  
Miriam Athmann ◽  
Eusun Han ◽  
Timo Kautz
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Ecological Focus Areas ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Soil Pores

<p>Depth and architecture of root systems play a prominent role in crop productivity under conditions of low water and nutrient availability. The subsoil contains high amounts of nutrients that may potentially serve for nutrient uptake by crops including finite resources such as phosphorus that have to be used in moderation to delay their exhaustion. Biopores are tubular shaped continuous soil pores formed by plant roots and earthworms. Taproot systems especially those of perennial legumes can make soil nutrients plant available from the solid phase and increase the density of vertical biopores in the subsoil thus making subsoil layers more accessible for succeeding crops. Density of larger sized biopores is further enhanced by increased abundance and activity of anecic earthworms resulting from soil rest and amount of provided feed. Nutrient rich drilospheres can provide a favorable environment for roots and nutrient uptake of subsequent crops. Future efficient nutrient management and crop rotation design in organic agriculture should entail these strategies of soil fertility building and biopore services in subsoil layers site specifically. Elements of these concepts are suggested to be used also in mainstream agriculture headlands, e.g. as ‘Ecological Focus Areas’, in order to improve soil structure as well as to establish a web of biodiversity while avoiding constraints for agricultural production.</p>

scholarly journals Soil Health as Influenced by Fertilizer Management in Rice Based Cropping System

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MAA Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Soil C

Nutrient management influences soil health and crop productivity. Sustained crop production re-quires specific nutrient management options after a certain period. The objectives of this investigation were to examine the effects of inorganic and organic fertilization on yields and soil carbon budget under rice based cropping patterns in Bangladesh. The research data and informationhave been gen-erated based on previouslypublished, unpublished sources and own concept.Omission of K or im-balanced K are more influential for reduction in grain yield up to 47% in Boro (dry) season but N was most limiting up to 35% in T. Aman (wet) season. With existing fertilizer rates for growing rice, the balances of N and K are always negative. Balanced chemical fertilizer (NPKSZn) can be an option for improving crop productivity and maintain soil quality. Net ecosystem carbon (C) balances are posi-tive when 3 t ha-1 cow dung (CD), 2 t ha-1 poultry manure (PM) and 2 t ha-1 vermicompost (VC) are used in combination with chemical fertilizers. Soil amendments with organic nutrient sources (rice straw, CD, PM, VC, legume crops) and rice based cropping patterns such as T. Aman-Mustard-Boro, Boro-Fallow-Fallow, Jute-T. Aman-Fallow, Wheat-Mungbean-T. Aman, Grass pea- T. Aus-T. Aman and Potato-Boro-T. Aman can be beneficial in improving soil C budget, soil nutrient ratio, total crop production and maintenance of environmental health that will meet SDGs goal. Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (2): 119-131, 2021

scholarly journals Soil Fertility Management for Better Crop Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
John Havlin ◽  
Ron Heiniger
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Fertility Management

Increasing crop productivity per unit of land area to meet future food and fiber demand increases both soil nutrient removal and the importance of replenishing soil fertility through efficient nutrient management practices. Significant progress in enhancing nutrient-use efficiency in production agriculture requires improved estimates of plant-available nutrients in the root zone, enhanced crop response to applied nutrients, and reduced offsite nutrient transport. This special issue, Soil Fertility Management for Better Crop Production, presents 15 manuscripts that advance our knowledge of interrelated soil, plant, and management factors important to increasing the nutrient availability and crop recovery of applied nutrients.

Evaluation of integrated crop management strategies employed to cope withStrigainfestation in permanent land use systems in southern Benin

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre V. Vissoh ◽  
Gualbert Gbèhounou ◽  
Adam Ahanchédé ◽  
Niels G. Röling ◽  
Thomas W. Kuyper
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Integrated Crop Management ◽  
Southern Benin

scholarly journals Classification of Macronutrient Deficiencies in Maize Plant Using Machine Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4197
Author(s):  
Leena N ◽  
K. K. Saju
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Feature Sets ◽  
Learning Techniques

<p>Detection of nutritional deficiencies in plants is vital for improving crop productivity. Timely identification of nutrient deficiency through visual symptoms in the plants can help farmers take quick corrective action by appropriate nutrient management strategies. The application of computer vision and machine learning techniques offers new prospects in non-destructive field-based analysis for nutrient deficiency. Color and shape are important parameters in feature extraction. In this work, two different techniques are used for image segmentation and feature extraction to generate two different feature sets from the same image sets. These are then used for classification using different machine learning techniques. The experimental results are analyzed and compared in terms of classification accuracy to find the best algorithm for the two feature sets.</p>

scholarly journals Yield enhancement of chilli through integrated crop management in Kalaburagi district of Karnataka, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 907-909
Author(s):  
Raju Raju ◽  
G. Teggelli ◽  
Siddappa Siddappa ◽  
Zaheer Ahamad ◽  
Anand Naik
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Integrated Crop Management ◽  
Farmer Practices

One of the major reasons of low productivity in chilli is the lack of technical knowledge of the farmers about judicious and timely implementation of the management strategies against the major biotic stresses (insect pests and diseases) which ultimately reduce its return. Considering the integrated crop management on need based plant protection in vegetables was conducted in farmer’s fields at different villages of the Kalaburagi district, under northern part of Karnataka, during the period from 2011-12 to 2013-14 show the productivity potential and profitability of improved technologies. The results showed that, on an average the highest yield achieved by adopting integrated crop management was 260.17 quintals ha-1, whereas the corresponding yield ranged under farmer’s practices was to 235.243 quintals ha-1 of green chillies. Adoption of integrated crop management will increase the yield 10.56% over farmer practices. The average technological gap, extension gap and technological index were noticed 139.83 quintals ha-1, 24.92 quintals ha-1 and 34.95 % respectively. The economics of data indicated that an average of Rs. 1,64,500 ha-1 was recorded net profit under recommended practices while it was Rs 129976.7 ha-1 under farmer practices. Cost benefit ratio was 3.07 under demonstration, while it was 2.35 under farmer practices. Practicing of integrated crop management with improved technologies will improve the farmer socio-economical level.

IMPLEMENTATION OF PERMANENT RAISED BEDS CONTRIBUTES TO INCREASED CROP YIELD AND PROFITABILITY IN THE NORTHEASTERN TIGRAY REGION, ETHIOPIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 807-817
Author(s):  
AMANUEL A. GEBRU ◽  
TESFAY ARAYA ◽  
TSEGAY WOLDE-GEORGIS ◽  
JAN NYSSEN ◽  
FRÉDÉRIC BAUDRON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Tigray Region

SUMMARYA major problem faced by small-scale farmers in northern Ethiopia is reduced crop yield due to increasing soil degradation resulting from repeated tillage and inadequate agronomic management practices. These practices have left soils and rainfed crops susceptible to hazardous climatic events such as droughts. Sustainable farm practices such as minimum tillage and surface residue retention have been shown to improve soil health and crop productivity. The objectives of this field study were thus to evaluate the impacts of conservation agriculture (CA) practices on crop yield and economic productivity over 6 years in the eastern Tigray region of northern Ethiopia. Using a barley–wheat rotation from 2010 to 2016, the applied treatments were (i) permanent raised beds (PRB); (2) semi-permanent raised beds (SPB) and (3) conventional tillage (CT). Average barley and wheat biomass and grain yields in PRB and SPB treatments were consistently greater than yields under CT each year. In addition, the highest marginal rate of return was obtained in PRB and SPB compared to CT in all years (2010–2016). These results suggest that the CA practices of PRB and SPB can improve crop yield and profit compared to CT practices in the Tigray region.

scholarly journals Deficiency of phyto-available sulphur, zinc, boron, iron, copper and manganese in soils of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar Shukla ◽  
Sanjib Kumar Behera ◽  
Chandra Prakash ◽  
Ajay Tripathi ◽  
Ashok Kumar Patra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Nutrient Use

AbstractNutrient deficiencies in soil–crop contexts and inappropriate managements are the important reasons for low crop productivity, reduced nutritional quality of agricultural produce and animal/human malnutrition, across the world. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate nutrient deficiencies of sulphur (S) and micronutrients [zinc (Zn), boron (B), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn)] in agricultural soils of India for devising effective management strategies to achieve sustainable crop production, improved nutritional quality in crops and better animal/human health. A total of 2,42,827 surface (0–15 cm depth) soil samples were collected from agriculture fields of 615 districts lying in 28 states of India and were analysed for available S and micronutrients concentration. The study was carried out under the aegis of All India Coordinated Research Project on Micro- and Secondary-Nutrients and Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants. The mean concentrations were 27.0 ± 29.9 mg kg−1 for available S, 1.40 ± 1.60 mg kg−1 for available Zn and 1.40 ± 4.70 mg kg−1 for available B, 31.0 ± 52.2 mg kg−1 for available Fe, 2.30 ± 3.50 mg kg−1 for available Cu and 17.5 ± 21.4 mg kg−1 for available Mn. There were variable and widespread deficiencies of S and micronutrients in different states. The deficiencies (acute deficient + deficient + latent deficiency) of S (58.6% of soils), Zn (51.2% of soils) and B (44.7% of soils) were higher compared to the deficiencies of Fe (19.2% of soils), Cu (11.4% of soils) and Mn (17.4% of soils). Out of 615 districts, > 50% of soils in 101, 131 and 86 districts were deficient in available S, available Zn and available B, respectively. Whereas, > 25% of soils in 83, 5 and 41 districts had deficiencies of available Fe, available Cu and available Mn, respectively. There were occurrences of 2-nutrients deficiencies such S + Zn (9.30% of soils), Zn + B (8.70% of soils), S + B (7.00% of soils) and Zn + Fe (5.80% of soils) to a greater extent compared to the deficiencies of Zn + Mn (3.40% of soils), S + Fe (3.30% of soils), Zn + Cu (2.80% of soils) and Fe + B (2.70% of soils). Relatively lower % of soils were deficient in 3-nutrients (namely S + Zn + B, S + Zn + B and Zn + Fe + B), 4-nutrients (namely Zn + Fe + Cu + Mn) and 5-nutrients (namely Zn + Fe + Cu + Mn + B) simultaneously. The information regarding the distribution of deficiencies of S and micronutrients (both single and multi-nutrients) could be used by various stakeholders for production, supply and application of right kind of fertilizers in different districts, states and agro-ecological regions of India for better crop production, crop nutritional quality, nutrient use efficiency, soil health and for tackling human and animal malnutrition.

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