scholarly journals Characteristics of Transformational Adaptation in Climate-Land-Society Interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koko Warner ◽  
Zinta Zommers ◽  
Anita Wreford ◽  
Margot Hurlbert ◽  
David Viner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transformational Change ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Storm Water Runoff ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Land Systems

Countries across the world aspire towards climate resilient sustainable development. The interacting processes of climate change, land change, and unprecedented social and technological change pose significant obstacles to these aspirations. The pace, intensity, and scale of these sizeable risks and vulnerabilities affect the central issues in sustainable development: how and where people live and work, access to essential resources and ecosystem services needed to sustain people in given locations, and the social and economic means to improve human wellbeing in the face of disruptions. This paper addresses the question: What are the characteristics of transformational adaptation and development in the context of profound changes in land and climate? To explore this question, this paper contains four case studies: managing storm water runoff related to the conversion of rural land to urban land in Indonesia; using a basket of interventions to manage social impacts of flooding in Nepal; combining a national glacier protection law with water rights management in Argentina; and community-based relocation in response to permafrost thaw and coastal erosion in Alaska. These case studies contribute to understanding characteristics of adaptation which is commensurate to sizeable risks and vulnerabilities to society in changing climate and land systems. Transformational adaptation is often perceived as a major large-scale intervention. In practice, the case studies in this article reveal that transformational adaptation is more likely to involve a bundle of adaptation interventions that are aimed at flexibly adjusting to change rather than reinforcing the status quo in ways of doing things. As a global mosaic, transformational change at a grand scale will occur through an inestimable number of smaller steps to adjust the central elements of human systems proportionate to the changes in climate and land systems. Understanding the characteristics of transformational adaptation will be essential to design and implement adaptation that keeps society in step with reconfiguring climate and land systems as they depart from current states.

scholarly journals A Framework for Assessing the Social and Economic Impact of Sustainable Investments

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Räikkönen ◽  
Susanna Kunttu ◽  
Teuvo Uusitalo ◽  
Josu Takala ◽  
Shah Rukh Shakeel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Sustainable Investments

Abstract Investments towards sustainable development are vital for the future and they must be carefully planned to deliver immediate and long-term benefits. Hence, the ability to communicate the forms of impact of sustainable investments to local societies, people, investors and other stakeholders can provide a competitive advantage. However, the assessments are often under pressure to demonstrate short-term effects rather than emphasise the long-term impact. In addition, indirect and intangible forms of impacts should not be measured solely in economic terms. This paper proposes an assessment framework to support the integrated economic and social impact assessment of sustainable investments aimed at improving physical and socio-economic wellbeing. The framework is demonstrated in two case studies: new construction and renovation investments in affordable housing and social impact investment in sustainable development. The investments in the case studies are evaluated, selected and prioritized not only in terms of money but also with regard to sustainability, social acceptability and their overall impact on society, as a whole. The results indicate that a systematic integrated assessment of monetary and non-monetary factors can be successfully combined with the sustainable development decisions.

scholarly journals Analyzing Transportation Sustainability in the Canary Islands Archipelago

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Alexandre Castanho ◽  
Arian Behradfar ◽  
Ana Vulevic ◽  
José Manuel Naranjo Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Regional Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relevant Case ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
La Gomera

The scarcity of resources, the limited land, and the overstressing of tourism, as well as the estrangements of movement, make the insular territories relevant case studies in terms of their regional management and governance and, consequently, sustainable development. Thereby, Transportation and Infrastructures’ Sustainability in these territories is not an exception. In this regard, the present study, through exploratory tools, expects to analyze, using accessibility and connectivity indicators, the impacts over the social-economic sphere that the local Transportation and Infrastructures may deliver to the populations of the Canary Islands Archipelago. The study enables us to identify the islands of La Palma, El Hierro, Fuerteventura, and La Gomera as those with better accessibility patterns.

scholarly journals OBJECT STATUS IN MODERN ONTOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
M.A. Perekhoda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Original Intention ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Object Status

The philosophical discourse of the XX–ХХI, in the face of the latest ontologies, is characterized by a change in the way of speaking about things (objects), the restoration of their philosophical rights, almost completely, excluding one of the central ontological roles of a person in access to the surrounding reality. The purpose of this study was to identify the features of ideas about the ontological status of an object in modern philosophical and ontological theories. Achievement of the stated goal of the research was ensured by complex application, based on the comparative approach, dialectical and hermeneutic methods, as well as the method of ontological differentiation. In the course of the study, the features of the vision of an object, characteristic of postclassical ontologies of the 20th century, were considered. In the course of the research, the features of the object vision characteristic of post-classical ontologies of the XX century (actor-network theory, flat ontologies) were considered. Based on the ideas of plurality, heterogeneity, anti-essentialism and relationalism in the philosophical discourse of our time, the author presents a modern interpretation of the ontological statuses of objects. By analyzing the relationship of postclassical ontologies to the category of truth, the epistemological and methodological nature of the above ontological theories has been revealed. A critical analysis of the features of the status that is attributed to the object within their framework is carried out. The author substantiates the idea that the ontological status of an object in modern ontologies is reduced exclusively to its communicative and intermediary nature. The article ends with a brief presentation of the author’s views that the ontological status of an object is a fundamental issue of the connection between the idea of essence and the idea of subjectivity, which is inherent in intentionality as the ability to cognize an object. At the same time, it is pointed out that the researcher must concentrate exclusively on «cognition» and not on the «construction» of the object. The author notes that modern specialists, operating with traditional ontological terms (being, existence) in the sphere of the considered ontologies, and trying to create a new «ontology of the social», miss their original intention. In this connection, the idea turns into a new epistemology and, as a consequence, the construction of a completely different methodological framework for the cognitive process, but not an integral ontological concept.

scholarly journals Water Diplomacy and Its Strategic Significance for Sustainable Development Goals and Global Security Architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13898
Author(s):  
Adam Krzymowski
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Global Security ◽  
The Face ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Water Diplomacy

This article presents new approaches to water diplomacy connected with the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The research question is what is the role and significance of water diplomacy for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and global security architecture? The paper is based on the theory of interdependence. To illustrate this concept, the author used several case studies to identify the international security role of water diplomacy in the context of SDGs. The case studies point to the greater likelihood that wars in the twenty-first century will be due to freshwater disputes; water diplomacy should be a crucial instrument for the SDGs implementation. Water diplomacy has the potential to become an effective platform for international cooperation in the face of many current and future global water challenges. Water diplomacy combines preventive and reactive measures, as well as the mediation and implementation of solutions. It is crucial for regional and world security. The results of this paper show future research directions on water diplomacy.

Guangdong Electric Power Sustainable Development Strategy

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Ma ◽  
Hua Yang ◽  
Hongkai Liao
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Social

This article introduces the current situation of Guangdong energy supply and electricity consumption, analyses the electricity structure and existing problems and points out that in order to meet the social demand for electricity and sustainable development of Guangdong province, it must expand the scale of West-East electricity transmission, build large-scale super-critical generation units, accelerate building nuclear power station, build LNG generation units in the load centers, promote the growth of wind- electricity, develop flue gas desurlphurization and denitrification technology, etc.

scholarly journals Optimization of Metro Passenger Organizing of Alighting and Boarding Processes: Simulated Evidence from the Metro Station in Nanjing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajie Yu ◽  
Yanjie Ji ◽  
Liangpeng Gao ◽  
Qi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Physical Energy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Simulation ◽  
The Status

Since the long dwell time and chaotic crowds make metro trips inefficient and dissatisfying, the importance of optimizing alighting and boarding processes has become more prominent. This paper focuses on the adjustment of passenger organizing modes. Using field data from the metro station in Nanjing, China, a micro-simulation model of alighting and boarding processes based on an improved social force paradigm was built to simulate the movement of passengers under different passenger organizing modes. Unit flow rate, delay, and social force work (SFW) jointly reflect the efficiency and, especially, the physical energy consumption of passengers under each mode. It was found that when passengers alighted and boarded by different doors, efficiency reached its optimal level which was 76.92% higher than the status quo of Nanjing, and the physical energy consumption was reduced by 16.30%. Both the findings and the model can provide support for passenger organizing in metro stations, and the concept of SFW can be applied to other scenes simulated by the social force model, such as evacuations of large-scale activities, to evaluate the physical energy consumption of people.

scholarly journals Understanding the Limits to Ethnic Change: Lessons from Uganda's “Lost Counties”

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott D. Green
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status

The historically constructed nature of ethnicity has become a widely accepted paradigm in the social sciences. Scholars have especially have focused on the ways modern states have been able to create and change ethnic identities, with perhaps the strongest case studies coming from colonial Africa, where the gap between strong states and weak societies has been most apparent. I suggest, however, that in order to better understand how and when ethnic change occurs it is important to examine case studies where state-directed ethnic change has failed. To rectify this oversight I examine the case of the “lost counties” of Uganda, which were transferred from the Bunyoro kingdom to the Buganda kingdom at the onset of colonial rule. I show that British attempts to assimilate the Banyoro residents in two of the lost counties were an unmitigated failure, while attempts in the other five counties were successful. I claim that the reason for these differing outcomes lies in the status of the two lost counties as part of the historic Bunyoro homeland, whereas the other five counties were both geographically and symbolically peripheral to Bunyoro. The evidence here thus suggests that varying ethnic attachments to territory can lead to differing outcomes in situations of state-directed assimilation and ethnic change.

scholarly journals LA CUESTIÓN AMBIENTAL EN EL CAPITALISMO DE LA PERSPECTIVA DE MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALESA QUESTÃO AMBIENTAL NO CAPITALISMO DESDE A PERSPECTIVA DOS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAISTHE ENVIRONMENTAL QUESTION ON CAPITALISM FROM THE SOCIAL MOVEMENTS PERSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Anita Helena Schlesener ◽  
Maria Antonia de Souza ◽  
Maria Arlete Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Education ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Face ◽  
Landless Workers Movement ◽  
La Via Campesina ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

El artículo trata del dilema que vive la humanidad de cómo preservar el sistema ecológico y la biodiversidad para la sostenibilidad frente a la constante depredación del capital y la forma de vida capitalista que se nos presenta como el Ideal. ¿Cuál es la tarea de la educación en esta realidad concreta? Las reflexiones de naturaleza bibliográfica y documental consideran que los movimientos sociales son portadores de referencias analíticas para comprender el aprendizaje generado en contradicciones, luchas y participación social, teniendo el Movimiento de Trabajadores Sin Tierra (MST) y la Via Campesina como protagonistas de prácticas sociales colectivas que contrastan críticamente con el modelo capitalista de producción a gran escala conocido como agronegocios. Se basa en el modelo agroecológico, en defensa de la educación crítica y la formación integral del hombre y las nuevas generaciones con miras a una sociedad planetaria justa y sostenible. O artigo trata do dilema que vive a humanidade de como preservar o sistema ecológico e a biodiversidade para sustentabilidade ante a constante depredação do capital e do estilo de vida capitalista, que nos é apresentado como o Ideal. Qual é a tarefa da educação nesta realidade concreta? As reflexões de natureza bibliográfica e documental consideram que os movimentos sociais são portadores de referências analíticas para se compreender o aprendizado gerado nas contradições, nas lutas e na participação social, tendo o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) e a Via Campesina como protagonistas de práticas sociais coletivas que se contrapõem de forma crítica ao modelo capitalista de produção em larga escala, conhecido como agronegócio. Fundamenta-se no modelo agroecológico, na defesa da educação crítica e formação integral do homem e das novas gerações com vistas a uma sociedade planetária justa e sustentável. The article deals with the dilemma that mankind lives of how preserving the ecological system and biodiversity for sustainability in the face of the constant depredation of capital and the capitalist way of life presented to us as the Ideal. What is the task of education in this concrete reality? Reflections of bibliographical and documentary nature consider that social movements are bearers of analytical references to understand the learning generated in contradictions, struggles and social participation, having the Landless Workers Movement (MST) and Via Campesina as protagonists of collective social practices that contrast critically to the large-scale capitalist model of production known as agribusiness. It is based on the agroecological model, in defense of critical education and integral formation of man and the new generations aiming a just and sustainable planetary society.

scholarly journals Linear economy, civil economy and circular economy: education as a catalyst for transition

2021 ◽  
pp. 260-269
Author(s):  
Rosa Indellicato
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Civil Economy ◽  
The Face

Many people today are raising the issue of sustainable development in the face of the danger of an ecological crisis. The economic, social and cultural evolution poses questions to which each of us is called to respond by reflecting on what are the emergencies of the planet, but at the same time to operate for the protection of health and the reduction of environmental damage. The natural disasters that have occurred in recent years lead us to reflect on the responsibility not only of man, but also the social responsibility of governments. So we ask ourselves: is it possible to achieve a green economy model? A famous economist has already mapped out a path to a non-violent economy, based on a model of accountability. This model states that every discovery must be evaluated by civil society, taking into account the balance between the resources used and the results obtained. To achieve a sustainable green economy, it will be essential to build a biodemocracy in which scientific options are widely supported and accepted.

The Changing Structure of Opportunity: Recruitment and Careers in Large Law Firms

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Law School ◽  
Law Firms ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Historical Periods

Growth and bureaucratization have begun to transform patterns of recruitment and career development in large law firms. Based on a case study of four large Chicago firms, this article examines these changes and their implications. The findings indicate that the social composition of large firms has become substantially more heterogeneous with respect to the status of law school attended, gender, and ethnoreligious background. However, data on lawyers' careers suggest that associates entering firms today face an increasingly bureaucratic organizational context marked by higher levels of turnover, earlier and more intensive specialization, decreased levels of client responsibility, and more frequent assignment to large-scale litigation. The article also addresses the dynamics of individual choice over type of work performed in firms. Lawyers initially working in litigation fields are far more likely to change fields of practice than are lawyers who begin in office practice fields, reflecting the increased tendency for firms to assign new associates to litigation as well as the alienating propensity of large-firm litigation for many associates. Paradoxically, a greater proportion of lawyers in traditionally organized, general service firms than in bureaucratically organized, specialty firms report that their choice of work was dictated by the firm. Also, somewhat surprisingly, the frequency with which firms explicitly direct lawyers into particular fields has not increased from earlier periods. The article concludes that these anomalies result from the fact that firms control the career choices of lawyers, and always have, but that the way such control is exercised varies across firms and historical periods.

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