scholarly journals Family Structure and Severe Food Insecurity in Maputo and Matola, Mozambique

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
McCordic ◽  
Abrahamo
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Nuclear Household

The rapid growth of Maputo and Matola (neighbouring cities in Mozambique) has dramatically shifted the vulnerability profiles of these cities. Poor neighbourhoods across these two cities may now face the prospect of becoming food deserts. Scholars have defined African urban food deserts by the co-occurrence of poverty and food insecurity. This study aims to assess the assumed relationship between resource poverty and food insecurity in the African urban food desert concept and to assess the contribution of household demographics to this relationship. Using household survey data collected in 2014 across Maputo and Matola, this investigation demonstrated that inconsistent access to water, electricity, medical care, cooking fuel, and cash was associated with increased odds of severe household food insecurity across both cities. In addition, a nuclear household family structure was associated with reduced odds of severe food insecurity in both cities (even when taking limited resource access into account). These findings suggest that the severe food insecurity vulnerabilities associated with African urban food deserts may differ according to the family structure of households in Maputo and Matola.

scholarly journals Do Urban Food Deserts Exist in the Global South? An Analysis of Nairobi and Mexico City

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Wagner ◽  
Lucy Hinton ◽  
Cameron McCordic ◽  
Samuel Owuor ◽  
Guénola Capron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Global South ◽  
Food Desert ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Household Survey Data

Recent conceptualizations of ‘food deserts’ have expanded from a sole focus on access to supermarkets, to food retail outlets, to all household food sources. Each iteration of the urban food desert concept has associated this kind of food sourcing behavior to poverty, food insecurity, and dietary diversity characteristics. While the term continues to evolve, there has been little empirical evidence to test whether these assumed associations hold in cities of the Global South. This paper empirically tests the premises of three iterations of the urban food desert concept using household survey data collected in Nairobi, Kenya, and Mexico City, Mexico. While these associations are statistically significant and show the expected correlation direction between household food sourcing behavior and food security, the strength of these relationships tends to be weak. These findings indicate that the urban food desert concept developed in North American and UK cities may have limited relevance to measuring urban food insecurity in the Global South.

Some remarks on the economics of child labour*

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Bhalotra
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Development Literature ◽  
Contemporary Development

The responsibility for child labour is often cast as resting with (exploitative) employers. This creates a demand for legislation that bars employers from employing children. However, a careful look at household survey data suggests that the majority of employers are parents and, when not, parents have volunteered the child for work. This chapter focuses on the majority case of children working to help the family survive. It briefly discusses the role of legislation in curbing child labour, while arguing that it is not a substitute for efforts directed at creating income-generating opportunities amongst the poor and improving their access to education. Even when legislation is effective in lowering the incidence of child labour, it remains relevant to consider where children removed from the labour market go, which is why so much of the emphasis in the contemporary development literature is on education.

Niepełna rodzina jako zaburzenie prawidłowego funkcjonowania struktur rodzinnych

2018 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Michał Kuzdak
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Family

The author discusses the topic of families, especially incomplete. The work is about the disorganization of the family structure, showing its causes and history. The article describes the dangers of modern family and relations on the parentchild line. The author refers to economic emigration as one of the reasons for the loosening of family ties and the cause of incomplete families.

Queens of the Desert: Convictism and Marital Attitudes across Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 457-462
Author(s):  
Victoria Baranov ◽  
Ralph De Haas ◽  
Pauline Grosjean
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Same Sex Marriage ◽  
Founder Populations ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Combined Data

We merge data on spatial variation in the presence of convicts across eighteenth and nineteenth century Australia with results from the country's 2017 poll on same-sex marriage and with household survey data. These combined data allow us to identify the lasting impact of convict colonization on social norms about marriage. We find that in areas with higher historical convict concentrations, more Australians recently voted in favor of same-sex marriage and hold liberal views about marriage more generally. Our results highlight how founder populations can have lasting effects on locally held social norms.

scholarly journals WASH Financial and Social Investment Dynamics in a Conflict-Arid District of Jariban in Somalia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4836
Author(s):  
Wonder Mafuta ◽  
Jethro Zuwarimwe ◽  
Marizvikuru Mwale
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Random Number Generator ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
The Government

The paper investigated the social and financial resources’ interface in WASH programmes for vulnerable communities. Nineteen villages were randomly selected from the Jariban district in Somalia using the random number generator based on the village list. Data was collected in a sequential methodology that started with transect walks to observe and record the WASH infrastructure. Thirty-eight focus group discussions and desktop reviews triangulated transact walk recordings. The findings indicate minimum to zero investments towards WASH infrastructure in Jariban from the state government, with more dependency on the donor community. The study revealed that resources for the construction of latrines and water sources come from the following sources, NGOs (54.3%), diaspora community (34.5%) and community contributions (11.2%). The findings revealed a backlog in the WASH infrastructure, resulting in low access to water supply and sanitation services. The results demonstrate limited resource allocation by both the government and community, affecting the WASH infrastructure’s sustainability and further development. Due to the backlog in investments, particularly on improved latrines, it is concluded that their usage is low and a hindrance to having access to sanitation, hygiene and water as per the SDG goals, of leaving no one behind. While investment towards WASH in Jariban demonstrates multiple potential sources, there is a need to strengthen domestic resource mobilisation and explore governments’ role and capacity to secure WASH infrastructure investments. It is also recommended to explore how to tax the remittances to fund WASH infrastructure development and the private sector’s role in WASH infrastructure investment.

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