scholarly journals Exploring Spatiotemporal Variation in Hourly Metro Ridership at Station Level: The Influence of Built Environment and Topological Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangbin Shi ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Wei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Topological Structure ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Closeness Centrality ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Best Fit

Reliable and accurate estimates of metro demand can provide metro authorities with insightful information for the planning of route alignment and station locations. Many existing studies focus on metro demand from daily or annual ridership profiles, but only a few concern the variation in hourly ridership. In this paper, a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model was used to examine the spatial and temporal variation in the relationship between hourly ridership and factors related to the built environment and topological structure. Taking Nanjing, China as a case study, an empirical study was conducted with automatic fare collection (AFC) data in three weeks. With an analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was found that the GTWR model produced the best fit for hourly ridership data compared with traditional regression models. Four built-environment factors, namely residence, commerce, scenery, and parking, and two topological-structure factors, namely degree centrality and closeness centrality, were proven to be significantly related to station-level ridership. The spatial distribution pattern and temporal nonstationarity of these six variables were further analyzed. The result of this study confirmed that the GTWR model can provide more realistic and useful information by capturing spatiotemporal heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Regression Models for Soil Water Storage Estimation Using the ESA CCI Satellite Soil Moisture Product: A Case Study in Northeast Portugal

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Tomás de Figueiredo ◽  
Ana Caroline Royer ◽  
Felícia Fonseca ◽  
Fabiana Costa de Araújo Schütz ◽  
Zulimar Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
The Relationship

The European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Soil Moisture (ESA CCI SM) product provides soil moisture estimates from radar satellite data with a daily temporal resolution. Despite validation exercises with ground data that have been performed since the product’s launch, SM has not yet been consistently related to soil water storage, which is a key step for its application for prediction purposes. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between soil water storage (S), which was obtained from soil water balance computations with ground meteorological data, and soil moisture, which was obtained from radar data, as affected by soil water storage capacity (Smax). As a case study, a 14-year monthly series of soil water storage, produced via soil water balance computations using ground meteorological data from northeast Portugal and Smax from 25 mm to 150 mm, were matched with the corresponding monthly averaged SM product. Linear (I) and logistic (II) regression models relating S with SM were compared. Model performance (r2 in the 0.8–0.9 range) varied non-monotonically with Smax, with it being the highest at an Smax of 50 mm. The logistic model (II) performed better than the linear model (I) in the lower range of Smax. Improvements in model performance obtained with segregation of the data series in two subsets, representing soil water recharge and depletion phases throughout the year, outlined the hysteresis in the relationship between S and SM.

Regression Model and Control in Experimental Mechanical Processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Ângelo Márcio Oliveira Sant’Anna ◽  
Danilo Marcondes Filho
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Experimental Mechanic ◽  
Real Process ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The use of the regression model is usually applied in experimental mechanics processes and allowing for modeling the relationship between one or more process variables. Besides, the regression models are used for monitoring of response variables as function of one or more process variables. The scheme is based on the residuals deviance from regression model for detecting any disturbance in the control variables. This paper presents the control charts from modeling of an experimental mechanic industrial processes that involve count variables. We illustrated the performance of scheme to case study based on real process.

scholarly journals Impact of Intellectual Capital Efficiency on Profitability (A Case Study of LSE25 Companies)

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Majid Makki ◽  
Suleman Aziz Lodhi
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The World ◽  
Capital Efficiency ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between intellectual capital efficiency and the firm's profitability. The importance of intellectual capital (IC) and the related philosophy of the knowledge economy have captured the attention of researchers and business enterprises in the World Trade Organization (WTO) era. IC is widely recognized as a tool that is critical to running a successful business in a highly competitive environment. Various models have been introduced to measure the numerous facets of IC, including the Skandia navigator, Tobin's Q, and value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC). This article examines the role of IC efficiency in the firm’s net profit using the VAIC developed by Ante Pulic (1998). It also investigates its correlation with the firm’s profitability, using regression models.

scholarly journals Case Study of the Relationship betweenAqua RegiaandReal TotalContents of Harmful Trace Elements in Some European Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ričardas Taraškevičius ◽  
Rimantė Zinkutė ◽  
Rimutė Stakėnienė ◽  
Marijus Radavičius
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Analytical Laboratories ◽  
Respective Number

Bothreal totalandaqua regiacontents of trace elements in soils are often denominated by the same word “total” though the results are not identical. The formulas would be helpful for recalculation ofaqua regiacontents toreal totals. Data for primary formulas were taken from the International Soil-Analytical Exchange Program of Wageningen Evaluating Programs for Analytical Laboratories. The degree of extractability DE of element in a sample was calculated by weighting the ratios of median contents inaqua regiato medianreal total contentsin different periods with weights proportional to the respective number of determinations. According to descending median values of DE (%) in ISE European soil samples the elements are arranged as follows: Hg(98), Cd(94), Cu(91), Zn(90), Mn(89), Ni(88), Co(86), As(82), Mo(82), Pb(79), V(61), Sn(57), Cr(56), Sb(53), Be(51), B(46), U(35), and Ba(21). These values can be used for approximate recalculation ofaqua regiacontents toreal totalsand adjustment of contamination assessment. An attempt to obtain more explicit prediction by fitting regression models and problems related to high leverage and possibly influencial points are discussed and their possible relation to the specificity of soil composition is pointed out.

scholarly journals Analyzing the spatial-temporal influence of built environment on taxi ridership

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Que Yuhua
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Taxi Service ◽  
Global Regression ◽  
Temporal Influence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Taxi is an important component in urban transportation system, which covers wide area and maintains 24h available. Exploring the relationship of taxi and built environment is very important to manage taxi service and improve transportation system. The issue is addressed by capturing the influence of built environment on taxi ridership considering spatial and temporal non-stationarities. The grid cells are developed as analysis units and the global regression model is adopted for preliminary exploring. Then the GWR are implemented considering spatial heterogeneity and the GTWR is used to analyze the spatiotemporal influence of built environment on taxi ridership. An empirical study conducted in Hong Kong Island using one-week taxi’s GPS data demonstrates the effectiveness of the regression models. It’s verified that GWR performs better than OLS, and GTWR outperforms the rest two regression models, indicating both time and space are critical dimensions.

scholarly journals Identifying Urban Residents’ Activity Space at Multiple Geographic Scales Using Mobile Phone Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Lunsheng Gong ◽  
Meihan Jin ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Yongxi Gong ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Activity Space ◽  
Mobile Phone Data ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Activity Spaces ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
The Relationship

Residents’ activity space reflects multiple aspects of human life related to space, time, and type of activity. How to measure the activity space at multiple geographic scales remains a problem to be solved. Recently, the emergence of big data such as mobile phone data and point of interest data has brought access to massive geo-tagged datasets to identify human activity at multiple geographic scales and to explore the relationship with built environment. In this research, we propose a new method to measure three types of urban residents’ activity spaces—i.e., maintenance activity space, commuting activity space, and recreational activity space—using mobile phone data. The proposed method identifies the range of three types of residents’ activity space at multiple geographic scales and analyzing the relationship between the built environment and activity space. The research takes Zhuhai City as its case study and discovers the spatial patterns for three activity space types. The proposed method enables us to achieve a better understanding of the human activities of different kinds, as well as their relationships with the built environment.

scholarly journals Does the Tax Burden impact the Performance of Companies? A case study for Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
Victor Ogneru ◽  
Stelian Stancu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The paper analyzes the relationship between the total tax amount paid by the Romanian companies and several indicators of size, financial performance, and capital structure to identify whether there is an impact of these indicators on the tax potential and to assess the impact of the tax burden on the performance of companies as well. The total tax amount is viewed on the one hand as a tax burden when it is used as an independent variable, and as tax potential when it is used as a dependent variable. To assess these relationships, we applied cross-sectional regression models for each year of analysis, 2014-2018, using balance sheet data from the entire population of Romanian companies. In literature, is questioned only the relationship between tax burden and economic performance. Our study emphasizes the link between tax potential and some characteristics of the companies. We have identified, also, the determinants of return of equity in the case of Romanian companies. Overall, the data reveal major structural changes during the period of analysis. This movement did not affect the tax potential, but the performance of undertakings. Our findings show that it is necessary to rethink economic and tax policies.

scholarly journals Pedestrians and E-Scooters: An Initial Look at E-Scooter Parking and Perceptions by Riders and Non-Riders

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owain James ◽  
J Swiderski ◽  
John Hicks ◽  
Denis Teoman ◽  
Ralph Buehler
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Since 2018, pedestrians in many U.S. cities have been sharing sidewalk space with dockless shared e-scooters. The introduction of e-scooters has received pushback from pedestrians. Complaints reported in the media include e-scooters blocking walkways and sidewalks when parked illegally as well as safety concerns from pedestrians who do not feel safe around moving e-scooters. However, little is known beyond a few initial studies on e-scooter parking and anecdotes about pedestrian perceptions of e-scooter safety. Our case study from Rosslyn, Virginia, helps shed light on these two issues. First, we conducted a survey of 181 e-scooter riders and non-riders asking about their perceived safety around riders of e-scooters and experiences of sidewalks blocked by e-scooters. We found highly divergent responses about safety and sidewalk blocking perceptions from riders and non-riders. Second, we conducted an observational study of 606 parked e-scooters along three mixed-use corridors in Rosslyn to investigate the relationship between the built environment and e-scooter parking. We found that 16% of 606 observed e-scooters were not parked properly and 6% (36 e-scooters) were blocking pedestrian right-of-way. Moreover, our survey showed that e-scooter trips in Rosslyn replaced trips otherwise taken by Uber, Lyft, or a taxi (39%), foot (33%), bicycle (12%), bus (7%), or car (7%).

scholarly journals Integrating Network Centrality and Node-Place Model to Evaluate and Classify Station Areas in Shanghai

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Mingxuan Dou ◽  
Yandong Wang ◽  
Shihai Dong
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Transport Service ◽  
The Relationship

Transit-oriented development (TOD) is generally understood as an effective urban design model for encouraging the use of public transportation. Inspired by TOD, the node-place (NP) model was developed to investigate the relationship between transport stations and land use. However, existing studies construct the NP model based on the statistical attributes, while the importance of travel characteristics is ignored, which arguably cannot capture the complete picture of the stations. In this study, we aim to integrate the NP model and travel characteristics with systematic insights derived from network theory to classify stations. A node-place-network (NPN) model is developed by considering three aspects: land use, transportation, and travel network. Moreover, the carrying pressure is proposed to quantify the transport service pressure of the station. Taking Shanghai as a case study, our results show that the travel network affects the station classification and highlights the imbalance between the built environment and travel characteristics.

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