scholarly journals The Relationship between the Physical Quality of Rice and the Market Price: A Case Study in Savannakhet, Laos, Using a Bayesian Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4151
Author(s):  
Kensuke Kawamura ◽  
Hidetoshi Asai ◽  
Shintaro Kobayashi ◽  
Soukasdachanh Souvannasing ◽  
Phonevilay Sinavong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Bayesian Approach

The visual characteristics of rice grains play a primary role in determining the market price, and are used for grading systems in many rice-consuming countries. Laos is a rice-consuming country in Southeast Asia, but it does not have a functioning grading system. This study investigated the relationship between the physical quality of milled rice grains and the market price based on the Bayesian approach in Savannakhet, Laos. We collected 30 rice samples and their market prices from 12 shops, including imported rice from Thailand and Vietnam. The rice samples were scanned using a Grain Scanner, and the proportion of head rice (HR, %) was determined using physical traits (length, shape, color, etc.) based on the ‘Thai standard’ grading criteria. The relationship between the HR ratios and market prices was modeled with the Bayesian approach. For Laos’s product, the market price and HR ratio were lower than those for Thailand’s product. Based on the Bayesian framework, the results of Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations indicated that (1) the market price of Thailand’s product was mostly determined by the HR ratio, but other factors, such as aroma, were also suggested, especially in high-quality rice grains; (2) Laos’s product showed a positive correlation, but other factors had a greater influence on Laos’s product than Thailand’s product; and (3) no clear relationship was found in Vietnam’s product due to the limitation of a small number of samples, which was also considered a difference in consumer needs. These results indicated that the relationship between rice quality and market price for Laos’s product was unstable compared to that for Thailand’s product. To promote a more market-oriented agricultural sector, this pilot study has been broadened to examine other factors and extended to other cities or regions in Laos.

The Links between the Companies Market Price Quality and that of its Management and Business Quality: A System Panel Data Approach

GIS Business ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Dinis Daniel Santos ◽  
Elias Soukiazis
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Equation System ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
System Equation ◽  
Simultaneous Equation System ◽  
Management Quality ◽  
The Relationship

This work uses a simultaneous equation system approach to analyze the relationship between the management and business quality of companies and their market price quality. Using panel data we found that both the management and the business quality of companies positively influence the market price quality of the studied American companies. Additionally, variables like the actual position of the company price quality compared to the industry average, being on the top or the bottom, or the beta value of a company, also influence the market price quality of the respective company. It is shown that the system equation approach is the most appropriate to explain the linkages between price, business, and management quality providing consistent estimates. Also, using ratings to express the three core variables in the system is the most adequate way to define the quality characteristics in terms of price, management, and business performance of the companies considered in this study.

scholarly journals Bayesian approach to evaluation of distance courses

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Mockus ◽  
Irina Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Prior Information ◽  
Uncertain Data ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Fuzzy Sets Theory ◽  
Distance Courses ◽  
Sets Theory ◽  
Education Courses ◽  
The Bayesian Approach

Many real applications are using uncertain data This include expert decisions based on their subjective opinions, The uncertainty can be evaluated applying fuzzy sets theory or the methods of mathematical statistics. In this paper it is proposed to use the Bayesian approach by different distribution functions defining the expert opinion and some prior information. The results are illustrated evaluating the quality of distant education courses.

scholarly journals Spirituality and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Path Analyse Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lima ◽  
Lurdes Teixeira ◽  
Raquel Esteves ◽  
Fátima Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Social Care Service ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Study older adults’ quality of life is becoming increasingly important in the assessment, quality improvement and allocation of health and social care service. The purpose of this study was to enhance knowledge on the relationship between modifiable (psychological variables) and non-modifiable variables (sociodemographic), and quality of life in elderly, regarding psychological and social variables in Portuguese context.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, including 604 older adults from general community. 63.6% of the sample was composed by female gender with a mean age of 71.6(SD=4.81). Participants completed the following instruments: Barthel Index to assess functionality; Satisfaction with Social Support Scale to assess social support; The Spiritual and Religious Attitudes in Dealing with Illness to assess spirituality and Short Form Health Survey 36, to assess mental and physical quality of life.Results: A path analysis model was performed where the presence of a chronic disease, age and functionality has a direct effect on physical quality of life and spirituality had a direct effect on mental quality of life. Social support mediated the relationship between functionality and mental quality of life, and in turn, functionality mediated the relationship between age and physical quality of life.Conclusions: Results reinforce the effect of age and chronic disease as non-modifiable variables as well as functionality, spirituality and satisfaction with social support as modifiable variables, in the quality of life of older people. Social support, health and education programs in the community should be promoted in order to improve quality of life in this population. Strategies to promote functionality and enhance the social support network, especially in the elder with chronic illness, should be a priority.

scholarly journals The role of pregnancy acceptability in maternal mental health and bonding during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine McNamara ◽  
Alixandra Risi ◽  
Amy L. Bird ◽  
Michelle L. Townsend ◽  
Jane S. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Moderation Model ◽  
Important Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Pregnancy is an important time for women’s mental health and marks the foundations of the emerging bond between mother and baby. This study aimed to investigate the role of pregnancy acceptability and intendedness in maternal mental health and bonding during pregnancy. Methods Data were collected from a sample of 116 Australian pregnant women through a series of self-report questionnaires pertaining to mental health and antenatal bonding. Results Women with low pregnancy acceptability reported higher depression, anxiety and total distress, and lower antenatal bonding, physical and environmental quality of life. Women who reported their pregnancy was intended reported higher physical quality of life than those who reported their pregnancy was unintended. The relationship between total distress and antenatal bonding was moderated by women’s degree of pregnancy acceptability (low versus high). For women with low acceptability, higher distress was associated with lower bonding, but there was no such association for women with high pregnancy acceptability. The moderation model examining associations between distress and pregnancy acceptability explained 15% of the variance in antenatal bonding scores. Conclusion Consideration of women’s appraisal of their pregnancy acceptability may provide a valuable framework for identifying individuals who may be at risk for mental health and bonding difficulties.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between the Moisture Content of Sweetcorn Raw Material and the Quality of the Deep-Frozen End Product

2003 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Éva Kállai
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
The Relationship

One of the remarkable effects of the economical and social development is the changing of the eating habits, first of all increasing consumption of deep-frozen products. The spreading of the sweet corn under these vegetables is characteristic.The parameters exerting influence on the quality of the deepfrozen sweetcorn is classed in 3 categories:• Physical quality: foreign matter, clumps, blemished corn, broken kernel, miscut, pulled kernel.• Organoleptical features: taste, colour, texture, and sweetness.• Microbiological features: TVC, mould, yeast.The moisture content of the raw material influences the organoleptical features to the highest degree.We take continuously samples from the raw material arriving in to the factory to determinate moisture content, and from the product to specify the organoleptical features.Based on the data of 2002 we can make the following findings:The colour of the deepfrozen sweetcorn is less influenced by the moisture content. The taste is between 69% and 72% the most optimal, but over 72% get worse, more „milky”, water-tasted because of the underdevelopment of sweetcorn. The texture continuously becomes better with the increasing of moisture content. Under 67% of water the class „C” is typical, which means a taste with weak charasteric, a bit scathing or bitter, and texture with rubbery inner part and hard pericarpia. The decadence of taste is caused by converting a great part of sugar into starch.The correlation between moisture and quality is varying by varieties; different varieties have their best quality by different moisture content. By our investigations the best harvest time is at the 69-72% moisture content. At this point are the organoleptical features the most optimal, and the grower has not the loss of yield caused by early harvesting.

scholarly journals Influence of potassium on the quality of grains and seeds of flooded rice

Acta Iguazu ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Mara Grohs ◽  
Rodrigo De Moura Silveira ◽  
Fernando Fumagalli Miranda ◽  
Roberto Carlos Doring Wolter ◽  
Alex Alan Bredow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Grains ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Flooded Rice ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Potassium Application

Potassium can influence the productivity and the physical and physiological qualities of grains and seeds of flooded rice, although its influence is not clear yet. Based on the necessity of more information, this work presents the evaluation of different stages of potassium application on rice grains productivity, physical quality (whole grain and chalk kernel) and seed physiological quality (vigor and germination). The results show that the potassium fertilization has an influence on the physical quality of rice grains. When performed near to the reproductive stage, it can increase the percentage of whole grains and decrease the chalk kernel index. For producing seeds, all fertilization should be done up to the V3 stage in order to increase the seed vigor.

scholarly journals Spirituality and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Path Analyse Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lima ◽  
Lurdes Teixeira ◽  
Raquel Esteves ◽  
Fátima Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Social Care Service ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Study older adults’ quality of life is becoming increasingly important in the assessment, quality improvement and allocation of health and social care service. The purpose of this study was to enhance knowledge on the relationship between modifiable (psychological variables) and non-modifiable variables (sociodemographic), and quality of life in elderly, in order to inform social, health and education policies.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, including 604 older adults from general community. 63.6% of the sample was composed by female gender with a mean age of 71.6(SD=4.81). Participants completed the following instruments: Barthel Index to assess functionality; Satisfaction with Social Support Scale to assess social support; The Spiritual and Religious Attitudes in Dealing with Illness to assess spirituality and Short Form Health Survey 36, to assess mental and physical quality of life.Results: A path analysis model was performed where the presence of a chronic disease, age and functionality has a direct effect on physical quality of life and spirituality had a direct effect on mental quality of life. Social support mediated the relationship between functionality and mental quality of life, and in turn, functionality mediated the relationship between age and physical quality of life.Conclusions: Results reinforce the effect of age and chronic disease as non-modifiable variables as well as functionality, spirituality and satisfaction with social support as modifiable variables, in the quality of life of older people. Social support, health and education programs in the community should be promoted in order to improve quality of life in this population. Strategies to promote functionality and enhance the social support network, especially in the elder with chronic illness, should be a priority. Keywords: Quality of life, Social Support, Functionality, Spirituality.

Tra finzione e realtŕ. Contro l'approccio bayesiano al metodo scientifico

2012 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Ernesto Fabbricatore
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Practical Rationality ◽  
Empirical Reality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Rationality ◽  
The Bayesian Approach

The development of the Bayesian approach to the scientific method represents one of the most suggestive and controversial orientations in modern epistemology. Starting from the assumption that, normally, humans think and operate in uncertain conditions, the Bayesian interpretation aims to identify - on the basis on an appropriate probability of the uncertain - the principles that govern cognitive rationality, practical rationality and the relationship between the two. Though this area of epistemological considerations is particularly rich in intertwined background and foreground components, this contribution will provide the necessary elements to critically understand an approach that is seemingly far from any kind of "rule of correspondence" with empirical reality.

Assessment of Machinery Production Organization Efficiency Based on a Unified Quality Criterion

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-132
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Zavozina
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Production Organization ◽  
The Relationship

The main indicator of the machinery production organization efficiency is a stable demand for the company's products in a long-term period. Demand is affected by two main characteristics: product quality and market price. The ratio of these two characteristics should be optimal for each type of product. The paper considers an approach to assessing the position of products on the market based on the analysis of the price-quality ratio. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for determining the efficiency of the machinery production organization by product characteristics, assessed in the system of a unified quality criterion. In our research, we introduce a method for calculating a unified quality criterion for widespread engineering products, and propose a new form of recording the quality criterion in the form of a unified criterion taking into account the vector of weight coefficients of the significance of products by branches of industry, which is the scientific novelty of the work. We applied an original method of assigning points to calculate this vector, and we found that for most manufacturers, the dependence of a unified quality criterion on the price of products is presented in the form of an S-shaped curve. Furthermore, we analyzed the market of bearings and identified analogues to study the quality level. The calculation of the criterion for quality indicators among analogs was performed. On the basis of the obtained calculations of a unified criterion, the relationship between the price and the quality of the product was compiled in the form of the Verhulst equation. The data are shown as a graph of the logistic function. By the example of a Russian manufacturer of bearings, specific recommendations are given to improve the price-quality ratio for certain parameters. The efficiency of organizing production of a specific machinery enterprise is assessed

scholarly journals Analisis Kriteria Kesesuaian Lahan terhadap Mutu Fisik Kakao di Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
Reza Salima ◽  
Chairil Anwar ◽  
Fadlan Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Observation Site ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Matching Process ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelas kesesuaian lahan kakao pada lokasi pengembangan kakao di Kabupaten Aceh Besar, mengetahui faktor-faktor penentu tinggi rendahnya produktifitas dan kualitas biji kakao, serta untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik lahan dengan produktifitas dan kualitas biji kakao pada lokasi pengembangan kakao di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode survei dengan analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk memperoleh karakteristik lahan, penampilan tanaman kakao dan tingkat pengelolaan, kemudian contoh tanah dianalisis dilaboratorium yang diperoleh dari masing-masing tapak pengamatan. Tapak pengamatan dibuat berdasarkan ketinggian tempat dan kemirigan lereng. Setelah karakteristik lahan diperoleh dari masing-masing tapak pengamatan maka dilakukan proses pencocokan dengan persyaratan tumbuh tanaman kakao metode klasifikasi kesesuaian lahan yang disusun oleh PPKKI. Karakteristik lahan yang berkorelasi nyata dengan komponen produksi dan kualitas biji kakao diperoleh dari hasil analisis korelasi antara karakteristik lahan dan karakteristik produksi serta kualitas biji kakao. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kelas kesesuaian lahan yang sejalan dengan produksi dan mutu fisik biji kakao di Kabupaten Aceh Besar sangat sesuai (S1) untuk tapak pengamatan E1S1, E1S2, dan E1S3, kelas S2t pada tapak pengamatan E2S3, dan sesuai marginal (S3) pada tapak pengamatan E2S1, E2S2, E3S1, E3S2, dan E3S3 dengan faktor pembatas tekstur dan ketinggian tempat.Analysis of Land Suitability Criteria for Physical Quality of Cocoa in Aceh Besar RegencyAbstract. The purpose of the research was to determine the suitability of cocoa land at the location of cocoa development in Aceh Besar Regency, determine the determinants of high and low productivity and quality of cocoa beans, and to determine the relationship between land characteristics with the productivity and quality of cocoa beans at cocoa development locations in Aceh Besar Regency. The survey method with descriptive analysis was used to obtain the characteristics of the land, the appearance of the cocoa plant and the level of management, then soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory obtained from each observation site. The site of observation is based on the height of the place and the slope of the slope. After the land characteristics are obtained from each observation site, a matching process is carried out with the requirements for growing cocoa plants, the land suitability classification method compiled by PPKKI. Land characteristics that correlated significantly with the components of production and quality of cocoa beans are obtained from the results of correlation analysis between land characteristics and production characteristics and quality of cocoa beans. The results showed that the land suitability class that was in line with the production and physical quality of cocoa beans in Aceh Besar Regency was very suitable (S1) for the observation sites E1S1, E1S2, and E1S3, S2t class in the E2S3 observation site, and according to marginal (S3) on the site observations of E2S1, E2S2, E3S1, E3S2, and E3S3 with texture limiting factors and altitude.

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