scholarly journals Advanced Dimming Control Algorithm for Sustainable Buildings by Daylight Responsive Dimming System

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4087
Author(s):  
In-Tae Kim ◽  
Yu-Sin Kim ◽  
Hyeonggon Nam ◽  
Taeyon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Dimming Control ◽  
Final Work

This study aims to evaluate the accuracy and energy savings of a daylight responsive dimming system (DRDS) when considering the influence of indirect illuminance. In the case of the existing DRDS, during the calibration process of each luminaire, the other luminaires were turned off to detect the illuminance of both the luminaire and the incoming daylight. However, the work plane illuminance under the luminaires was affected by the indirect illuminance from the other luminaires. The final work plane illuminance would thus be higher than the target illuminance during real system operation. To improve the accuracy and energy savings of the DRDS, an improved dimming control algorithm was applied to the DRDS when considering the influence of indirect illuminance. The real-time power consumption and accuracy of the target illuminance of the DRDS when considering the influence of indirect illuminance in a full-scale mock-up was measured and analyzed (for 23 days, from 22 June to 18 July 2018). As a result, the average accuracy of the target illuminance was 98.9% (SD 0.5%), and the average saving in lighting energy was 77%.

scholarly journals High-Performance Accuracy of Daylight-Responsive Dimming Systems with Illuminance by Distant Luminaires for Energy-Saving Buildings

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Tae Kim ◽  
Yu-Sin Kim ◽  
Meeryoung Cho ◽  
Hyeonggon Nam ◽  
Anseop Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Performance Accuracy ◽  
Photo Sensor ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Dimming Control

In a conventional daylight-responsive dimming system (DRDS), all the luminaires are turned off during the calibration process except for the luminaire under consideration in order to sense only the workplane illuminance of that luminaire. However, the workplane illuminance of the luminaire is influenced by other luminaires. Therefore, the final workplane illuminance of the actual operated system is higher than the target workplane illuminance, reducing the energy-saving efficiency of the DRDS. Herein, to improve the conventional DRDS, an advanced commissioning prediction method of daylight illuminance, and a dimming control algorithm considering the influences by distant luminaires are proposed. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed prediction method of daylight illuminance, the daylight illuminance on the workplane and the photo sensor values of six points were measured in a full-scale mockup for 27 consecutive days from 22 June to 18 July 2018. As a result of root-mean-square error (RMSE) analysis of daylight illuminance and the photo sensor values, the RMSE (64.86) of P3 located in the middle of the room was the highest, and the RMSE value (17.60) of P5 located near the window was the lowest. In addition, the power consumption of the luminaires, and the target illuminance accuracy of the proposed DRDS were measured and analyzed for 32 consecutive days from 19 July to 19 August 2018 in a full-scale mockup. The average target illuminance accuracy was 96.9% (SD 2.2%), the average lighting energy-savings ratio was 78.4%, and the daylight illuminance prediction accuracy was 95.5% (SD 3.4%).

scholarly journals Impact of Building Orientation on Daylight Availability and Energy Savings Potential in an Academic Classroom

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4916
Author(s):  
Aniela Kaminska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
The South ◽  
Building Orientation ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Dimming Control ◽  
Numerical Indicator

In this paper, daylight availability depending on building orientation in a typical educational classroom was investigated. Measurements of daylight illuminance distributions in the room depth for different illuminance outside the building allowed to determine the conditions when the luminaires in a classroom could be turned off, turned on, or dimmed. The outdoor daylight illuminance on the south-east and north façade of the building was recorded and the numbers of hours per year of university activity during which the lighting had to be switched on (up to 100% or brightened) were determined. Based on these numbers and luminaires powers the electricity consumption for lighting was estimated. It was proven that by using dimming control depending on daylight distribution in a room, comparable energy savings could be achieved for different building orientations. These savings of over 30% were greater than through the implementation of on/off control which, for a south-east oriented classroom reached about 28% and for a north-oriented one they were two times lower. Economic analysis showed payback time for dimming control around two years, which was longer than for on/off control. The electricity consumption estimated experimentally was also compared with the lighting energy numerical indicator (LENI) calculated according the standard EN 15193 1: 2017.

Comparison of Peanut Dryer Control Strategies1

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Butts
Keyword(s):  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Net Revenue ◽  
Hourly Basis

Abstract Peanuts were mechanically cured from field moisture contents ranging from 11.5 to 32.8% wet basis to levels acceptable for marketing (< 10.5%) using two dryer control strategies. The first control algorithm consisted of a constant thermostat setting of 39 C, while the second required manual thermostat control on an hourly basis such that the minimum plenum relative humidity was between 40 and 60% and the maximum plenum temperature was less than 39 C. The average drying rate using the variable thermostat set point (0.3%/hr) was half that obtained with the constant set point (0.6%/hr). Average curing time for the variable thermostat setting was 56% longer than for the peanuts cured using the constant thermostat. Fuel consumption was reduced by approximately 30% using the variable set point. Kernel size distributions and milling quality indicated by bald kernels were significantly better (P ≤ 0.1) for peanuts cured using the variable thermostat control. Increasing available dryer capacity by 40% would allow the buying point manager to handle the same amount of peanuts during the same harvest interval. Economic analysis showed that the annual capital cost for additional drying equipment could not be offset by energy savings alone. Based on increased shelled product value and energy savings, shellers could realize an increase in net revenue of approximately $14/1000 kg of farmers stock peanuts by using a variable thermostat set point.

scholarly journals Improving the energy efficiency of VoIP applications in IEEE 802.11 networks through control of the packetization rate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Estepa ◽  
Antonio Estepa ◽  
Germán Madinabeitia ◽  
Mark Davis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ieee 802.11 ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Dynamic Selection ◽  
802.11 Networks ◽  
Ieee 802.11 Networks ◽  
Rate Control Algorithm ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents an adaptive algorithm that improves the energy efficiency of VoIP applications over IEEE 802.11 networks. The algorithm seeks to achieve the largest energy savings subject to reaching a minimum speech quality under the prevailing network conditions. The control mechanism used is the dynamic selection of the packet size during the communication.This algorithm has been implemented in an experimental testbed and the results demonstrate that our packetization rate control algorithm can provide energy savings in uncongested IEEE 802.11 networks (up to 30%). Furthermore, under poor network conditions the algorithm can prolong the duration of the call before it is dropped at the expense of a higher energy consumption.

scholarly journals Innovative approaches and methods to the implementation of energy-saving measures and technologies at mining enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01109
Author(s):  
Alexander Semenov ◽  
Yuriy Bebikhov ◽  
Ayaal Egorov ◽  
Vladislav Shevchuk ◽  
Marina Glazun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Mathematical Simulation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Specific Power Consumption ◽  
Instrumental Monitoring

The paper presents the evaluation of the implementation of innovative methods of energy savings in electric drive and power supply systems at mining enterprises. The evaluation involves mathematical simulation and instrumental monitoring of the defined indicators that allow obtaining a multiplier economic benefit through the appropriate approach to the implementation and subsequent exploitation of energy-saving technologies. For this purpose, the potential of energy savings in industry in general, and at mining enterprises in particular, is shown. Such indicators as power consumption in mining, the dynamics of power losses in public grids, specific power consumption for lighting and household needs, specific power consumption for lifting and supplying water, as well as for sewage treatment were evaluated. As an example, such measures as reactive power compensation, the introduction of frequency-controlled electric drive systems, the development and implementation of the systems for continuous monitoring of power quality indicators were considered pointwise (at some sites of enterprises). The mathematical simulation method was implemented using the MatLab software package. The instrumental monitoring was carried for 7 days with a ten-minute interval. As a result of the assessment of such measures, the total economic benefit approaching to 9.0 million rubles a year was obtained.

On IoT and Its Integration With Cloud Computing

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-64
Author(s):  
Iram Abrar ◽  
Sahil Nazir Pottoo ◽  
Faheem Syeed Masoodi ◽  
Alwi Bamhdi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computational Power ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Other Hand

Internet of things witnessed rapid growth in the last decade and is considered to be a promising field that plays an all-important role in every aspect of modern-day life. However, the growth of IoT is seriously hindered by factors like limited storage, communication capabilities, and computational power. On the other hand, cloud has the potential to support a large amount of data as it has massive storage capacity and can perform complex computations. Considering the tremendous potential of these two technologies and the manner in which they complement one another, they have been integrated to form what is commonly referred to as the cloud of things (CoT). This integration is beneficial as the resulting system is more robust, intelligent, powerful, and offers promising solutions to the users. However, the new paradigm (CoT) is faced with a significant number of challenges that need to be addressed. This chapter discusses in detail various challenges like reliability, latency, scalability, heterogeneity, power consumption, standardization, etc. faced by the cloud of things.

scholarly journals A Method for Human Facial Image Annotation on Low Power Consumption Autonomous Devices

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2140
Author(s):  
Tomasz Hachaj
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Image Annotation ◽  
Facial Feature ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Facial Image ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Average Accuracy

This paper proposes a classifier designed for human facial feature annotation, which is capable of running on relatively cheap, low power consumption autonomous microcomputer systems. An autonomous system is one that depends only on locally available hardware and software—for example, it does not use remote services available through the Internet. The proposed solution, which consists of a Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) face detector and a set of neural networks, has comparable average accuracy and average true positive and true negative ratio to state-of-the-art deep neural network (DNN) architectures. However, contrary to DNNs, it is possible to easily implement the proposed method in a microcomputer with very limited RAM memory and without the use of additional coprocessors. The proposed method was trained and evaluated on a large 200,000 image face data set and compared with results obtained by other researchers. Further evaluation proves that it is possible to perform facial image attribute classification using the proposed algorithm on incoming video data captured by an RGB camera sensor of the microcomputer. The obtained results can be easily reproduced, as both the data set and source code can be downloaded. Developing and evaluating the proposed facial image annotation algorithm and its implementation, which is easily portable between various hardware and operating systems (virtually the same code works both on high-end PCs and microcomputers using the Windows and Linux platforms) and which is dedicated for low power consumption devices without coprocessors, is the main and novel contribution of this research.

Lighting energy savings in offices using different control systems and their real consumption

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Roisin ◽  
M. Bodart ◽  
A. Deneyer ◽  
P. D’Herdt
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Lighting Energy

Study on movable light-shelf system with location-awareness technology for lighting energy saving

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 796-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heangwoo Lee ◽  
Sang-hoon Gim ◽  
Janghoo Seo ◽  
Yongseong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Location Awareness ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Recent Increase ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Incoming Light

Various ongoing studies regard light-shelves as one solution to the recent increase in lighting energy consumption. However, in previous light-shelf systems, the direction of incoming light was determined by external conditions, thereby limiting the efficiency of lighting energy saving. The purpose of the present study was to develop a movable light-shelf system with location-awareness technology and verify its performance. In this study, a full-scale testbed was established in order to test the proposed movable light-shelf system with location awareness as well as to verify its energy saving potential. The results were analysed and compared with the performances of previous fixed (Case 1) and movable (Case 2) light-shelf systems without location-awareness technology. The obtained results were as follows. (1) The proposed light-shelf system can respond to external conditions and to the location of the occupant by means of the control axis of the light-shelf module angle through modulation between the control axis of the angle of the previous light-shelf and the reflector of the light-shelf. (2) The proposed light-shelf system provides 90.0% and 86.6%/91.0% energy savings in comparison to Case 1 and Case 2, respectively.

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