scholarly journals Postseismic Restoration of the Ecological Environment in the Wenchuan Region Using Satellite Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibin Huang ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xiaojuan Lin ◽  
Chunxiang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
State Response ◽  
Lancang River ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gray Correlation ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Pressure State

Using Landsat remote-sensing data combined with geological information extracted from ALOS and Sentinel-1A radar data, the ecological environment was evaluated in the years 2007, 2008, 2013, and 2017 through gray correlation analysis on the basis of the construction of the pressure-state-response model. The main objective of this research was to assess the ecological environment changes in Wenchuan County before and after the earthquake, and to provide reference for future social development and policy implementation. The grading map of the ecological environment was obtained for every year, and the ecological restoration status of Wenchuan County after the earthquake was evaluated. The results showed that the maximum area cover at a “safe” ecological level was over 46.4% in 2007. After the 2008 earthquake, the proportion of “unsafe” and “very unsafe” ecological levels was 40.0%, especially around the Lancang River and the western mountain area in Wenchuan County. After five years of restoration, ecological conditions were improved, up to 48.0% in the region. The areas at “critically safe” and above recovered to 85.5% in 2017 within nine years after the deadly Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008. In this paper, we discuss the results of detailed analysis of ecological improvements and correlation with the degrees of pressure, state, and response layers of the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model.

Assessment and Analysis on the Water Resource Vulnerability in Arid Zone Based on the PSR Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3757-3760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Chen ◽  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Index Method ◽  
State Response ◽  
Current State ◽  
Comprehensive Index Method ◽  
Pressure State

The ecological environment in Hotan area had been remained a prominent issue , as the most important factor among ecological environment, the vulnerability of water resource in Hotan area is going to be affected by the vulnerability of the ecological environment. This paper established the Pressure-State-Response model (PSR), made an assessment on the vulnerability of water resource in Hotan area with comprehensive index method, and the study shows that between 2004-2007 in Hotan area, the state of the water resource vulnerability was getting better; and after 2007, the vulnerability of water resource was getting serious. Under the current state, the industrial waste water treatment, agricultural water-saving, control of water and soil loss are all significant approaches to eliminate the vulnerability of water resource in south of Xin Jiang.

scholarly journals Evolution of Surge-Type Glaciers in the Yangtze River Headwater Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 2991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Yan ◽  
Mingyang Lv ◽  
Zhixing Ruan ◽  
Shiyong Yan ◽  
Guang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Glacier Surges ◽  
Short Time

A surge-type glacier is a special and dangerous type of glacier, which can advance quickly in a short-time with cycles. Glaciers in the Yangtze River headwater are generally acknowledged to be in a stable state. However, not all of those glaciers are stable. In this paper, five glaciers from the Yangtze River headwater glacier were selected as the experimental subjects, and multi-source remote sensing images were used to study and analyze the surge behavior over the past 30 years. Based on the Landsat series data, ERS-2, and ENVISAT radar data, this paper extracts the glacier centerline information, glacial area information, and glacial flow velocity during different time periods from 1988 to 2018, which are used to monitor the active periods of glacier surges. We found three surge-type glaciers in the study area. The glacial characteristics of the three glaciers showed some drastic changes, they can advance quickly nearly 800 m in active periods, their area change can reach 2.0 × 106 m2, and their flow velocity can suddenly increase by dozens of times. Surging periods and the initiated time of the three glaciers are different, which are locked in 1997, 2003, and 1997–1998. All those surges ended within one to two years. We suggest that the surges in this paper are dominated by hydrological conditions.

scholarly journals Watershed Sustainability Index for Langat UNESCO HELP River Basin, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.14) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Rahmah Elfithri ◽  
Mazlin Mokhtar ◽  
Mat Pauzi Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Raihan Taha ◽  
Mohd Ekhwan Toriman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
State Response ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Langat River ◽  
Basin Hydrology ◽  
Pressure State

The study on Watershed Sustainability Index (WSI) has been conducted to analyst the environmental condition in the area incorporating ecological baseline and socio-economic conditions. WSI is an integrated indicator based on basin Hydrology, Environment, Life and Policy (HELP) state condition. It is suitable to be applied in the Langat River Basin in Malaysia which has similar catchment area (up to 2,350 km2) and is one of the UNESCO HELP River Basin since 2004. The WSI analysis which uses a pressure–state–response function based on basin HELP Indicator was done for Langat River Basin by using relevant available 5 years data for the period of 2009 to 2013. It is found that Langat River Basin is having WSI value of 0.68 which falls under the category of medium sustainability (between 0.5-0.8). Based on the maximum value (i.e. 1) or high sustainability (i.e. WSI value more than 0.8) it can be said that Langat is in the good side in term of sustainability. Few management aspects need to be improved and maintained well to be more sustainable. The assessment provides Langat River Basin with more information that is crucial in managing the basin through the adoption of UNESCO’s HELP Framework.   

scholarly journals A Meta-Methodology for Improving Land Cover and Land Use Classification with SAR Imagery

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinalva Dias Soares ◽  
Luciano Vieira Dutra ◽  
Gilson Alexandre Ostwald Pedro da Costa ◽  
Raul Queiroz Feitosa ◽  
Rogério Galante Negri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Data Classification ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Land Use Classification ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Sar Imagery ◽  
Small Change

Per-point classification is a traditional method for remote sensing data classification, and for radar data in particular. Compared with optical data, the discriminative power of radar data is quite limited, for most applications. A way of trying to overcome these difficulties is to use Region-Based Classification (RBC), also referred to as Geographical Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA). RBC methods first aggregate pixels into homogeneous objects, or regions, using a segmentation procedure. Moreover, segmentation is known to be an ill-conditioned problem because it admits multiple solutions, and a small change in the input image, or segmentation parameters, may lead to significant changes in the image partitioning. In this context, this paper proposes and evaluates novel approaches for SAR data classification, which rely on specialized segmentations, and on the combination of partial maps produced by classification ensembles. Such approaches comprise a meta-methodology, in the sense that they are independent from segmentation and classification algorithms, and optimization procedures. Results are shown that improve the classification accuracy from Kappa = 0.4 (baseline method) to a Kappa = 0.77 with the presented method. Another test site presented an improvement from Kappa = 0.36 to a maximum of 0.66 also with radar data.

scholarly journals Evaluating the environmental impact of payments for ecosystem services in Coatepec (Mexico) using remote sensing and on-site interviews

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON SCULLION ◽  
CRAIG W. THOMAS ◽  
KRISTINA A. VOGT ◽  
OCTAVIO PÉREZ-MAQUEO ◽  
MILES G. LOGSDON
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement ◽  
Landsat Satellite

SUMMARYOver the last decade, hundreds of payments for ecosystem services (PES) programmes have been initiated around the world, but evidence of their environmental benefits remains limited. In this study, two PES programmes operating in the municipality of Coatepec (Mexico) were evaluated to assess their effectiveness in protecting the region's endangered upland forests. Landsat satellite data were analysed to assess changes in forest cover before and after programme implementation using a difference-in-differences estimator. Additionally, surveys and interviews were conducted with local residents and a subset of PES programme participants to evaluate the programmes’ social and environmental impacts, particularly the effect of the programmes on landowner behaviour. The remote-sensing data show that deforestation was substantially lower on properties receiving PES payments compared to properties not enrolled in the programmes, but the programmes did not prevent the net loss of forests within Coatepec. Moreover, the on-site interviews suggest that the payments may have had little impact on deforestation rates, and that other factors contributed to the conservation of forests in PES properties. These findings suggest that risk-targeted payments, robust monitoring and enforcement programmes, and additional conservation initiatives should be included in all PES schemes to ensure environmental effectiveness.

scholarly journals Morpholithodynamics of lagoonal straits of the North-Eastern Sakhalin

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
V. V. Afanasev
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
And Migration

The results of the analysis of geospatial and geological information on the structure and dynamics of the lagoon coast of the North-Eastern Sakhalin are presented. On the basis of a number of parameters of the coastal erosion-accumulation processes and migration of lagoon straits during the period 1927–2014. the morpholithodynamics system of the North-Eastern Sakhalin was considered. The volume of sediments transported during the migration of the straits, was estimated with the help of three-dimensional models, in which, parallel with time-averaged areas of erosion and accumulation, additional data were used, namely: bathymetry of the straits and adjacent water area, characteristics of the relief of the barrier forms and geological information obtained as a result of georadar survey and drilling. Georadar data, together with remote sensing data, have made it possible to create a model of sedimentation, which formed the basis for the analysis of the history of the coast formation beyond the period of observations. Currently, we can trace the situation as long as to the middle of the XIXth century.

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