scholarly journals Historic Rural Landscapes: Sustainable Planning Strategies and Action Criteria. The Italian Experience in the Global and European Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Di Fazio ◽  
Giuseppe Modica
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Parallel Change

This paper focuses on the historic and cultural dimension of landscape, in relation to the holistic and dynamic approach today required in landscape research. In this direction, the Authors investigate the present role played by historical rural landscapes in relation to their multifaceted character and function. In recent years there has been an ever-growing appreciation of their cultural value, depending on the differential speed of environmental change (relatively high) and people’s adaptation to it (relatively slow), as a matter of compensation. Although reference is often made to the global and the European contexts, Italy is given special attention, since the long history of civilization known by its rural landscapes makes them particularly worthy of consideration and offers a wide variety of examples assuming a more general interest. The main changes occurred in the Italian rural landscapes over the last two centuries are described by referring to their main causes and to the parallel change observed in the urban-rural dialectic. The notion of “cultural landscape”, as it emerges from the international debate and documents, is applied to historic rural landscapes, according to a varied range of conditions and characteristics. Knowledge, identification, interpretation and characterization are fundamental actions to define sustainable landscape management strategies. These last should be diversified according to landscape character, functionality, integrity and obsolescence, not being limited to outstanding landscapes only but considering all rural landscapes as heritage. To this end, heritage strategies and policies must go together with agricultural sectorial policies, since agriculture and farmers are the major actors of rural landscape protection and transformation. EU Common Agricultural Policy is considered by focusing on its effect on rural landscape and proposals coming from the heritage experts for its future implementation are examined. Emerging strategic measures and action criteria are singled out and presented. In any case, to protect historic rural landscapes, balanced change-dynamics and development vitality should be strengthened if present, introduced if not, so as to assure resilience. Neo-rurality today expresses the search for sustainable lifestyles, green development models and a better quality of life, implicitly offering new opportunities for the revitalisation of historic rural landscapes. Finally, a holistic approach and multidisciplinary cooperation are needed to allow for an effective synthesis of the many cultural visions, which today concern the theme of landscape.

scholarly journals A Google Earth Engine-enabled Python approach to improve identification of anthropogenic palaeo-landscape features

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Filippo Brandolini ◽  
Guillem Domingo-Ribas ◽  
Andrea Zerboni ◽  
Sam Turner
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Google Earth Engine ◽  
Landscape Heritage

The necessity of sustainable development for landscapes has emerged as an important theme in recent decades. Current methods take a holistic approach to landscape heritage and promote an interdisciplinary dialogue to facilitate complementary landscape management strategies. With the socio-economic values of the “natural” and “cultural” landscape heritage increasingly recognised worldwide, remote sensing tools are being used more and more to facilitate the recording and management of landscape heritage. Satellite remote sensing technologies have enabled significant improvements in landscape research. The advent of the cloud-based platform of Google Earth Engine (GEE) has allowed the rapid exploration and processing of satellite imagery such as the Landsat and Copernicus Sentinel datasets. In this paper, the use of Sentinel-2 satellite data in the identification of palaeo-riverscape features has been assessed in the Po Plain, selected because it is characterized by human exploitation since the Mid-Holocene. A multi-temporal approach has been adopted to investigate the potential of satellite imagery to detect buried hydrological and anthropogenic features along with spectral index and spectral decomposition analysis. This research represents one of the first applications of the GEE Python application programming interface (API) in landscape studies. The complete free and open-source software (FOSS) cloud protocol proposed here consists of a Python code script developed in Google Colab which could be simply adapted and replicated in different areas of the world.

scholarly journals A Google Earth Engine-enabled Python approach for the identification of anthropogenic palaeo-landscape features

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Filippo Brandolini ◽  
Guillem Domingo-Ribas ◽  
Andrea Zerboni ◽  
Sam Turner
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Google Earth Engine ◽  
Landscape Heritage

The necessity of sustainable development for landscapes has emerged as an important theme in recent decades. Current methods take a holistic approach to landscape heritage and promote an interdisciplinary dialogue to facilitate complementary landscape management strategies. With the socio-economic values of the “natural” and “cultural” landscape heritage increasingly recognised worldwide, remote sensing tools are being used more and more to facilitate the recording and management of landscape heritage. The advent of freeware cloud computing services has enabled significant improvements in landscape research allowing the rapid exploration and processing of satellite imagery such as the Landsat and Copernicus Sentinel datasets. This research represents one of the first applications of the Google Earth Engine (GEE)  Python application programming interface (API) in studies of historic landscapes. The complete free and open-source software (FOSS) cloud protocol proposed here consists of a Python code script developed in Google Colab, which could be adapted and replicated in different areas of the world. A multi-temporal approach has been adopted to investigate the potential of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery to detect buried hydrological and anthropogenic features along with spectral index and spectral decomposition analysis. The protocol's effectiveness in identifying palaeo-riverscape features has been tested in the Po Plain (N Italy).

scholarly journals The study of rural landscape at the farm scale: changes in traditional signs and structures

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ludwiczak ◽  
S. Benni ◽  
P. Tassinari
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Management ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
First Results ◽  
Farm Scale ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Landscape Transformations

The importance of cultural, historical and identity values of traditional rural landscapes is widely acknowledged in the relevant scientific fields and in legislation. Furthermore, the knowledge of their evolution represents a fundamental basis in order to manage landscape transformations appropriately. The work is part of a broader research aimed at developing and testing a method for the systematic high time and spatial resolution assessment of changes in traditional rural landscape signs. We describe here the main phases of this original quantitative method and a summary of the first results over an Italian case study. A set of parameters allows to provide complementary information about the evolution of the main characters of rural settlements and their components. This proves to be essential to achieve a deep understanding of the traditional physiognomy of places, and to support landscape management and restoration, and the definition of transformation projects.

scholarly journals Cultural landscape management through the application of environmental certifications

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (74) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Coelho Sozzi de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Environmental Certification

Environmental certifications are a tool that aims to measure and evaluate the environmental quality of buildings and their surroundings, with potential collaboration in urban planning. Among the various cultural landscapes that constitute the cities, the historical landscapes can report unique images of urban places, acting as testimonies of the past, which establish connections with the present and serve as reference for the construction of the future. Thus, the need to work the heritage field in sustainable urban management policies is demonstrated. Based on analytical research in the fields of environmental certification and cultural landscape, and documentary research on the Urban-Landscape Set on Avenida Köeler, in the Historic Center of Petrópolis/RJ, the possibility of certifying the set through AQUA/HQE - Neighborhoods was assessed. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the environmental certification instrument with regard to the maintenance of historical and cultural values ​​and to the physical conservation of this complex. In addition to meeting the objectives and indicators, the opportunity to establish an urban management program to achieve with excellence the performance of high environmental quality is evident. This study also shows that when analyzing the certification guidelines, as far as the cultural dimension is concerned, a review is needed to better cover the heritage issue, to establish specific guidelines for the conservation of existing landscapes as an incentive to the preservation and promotion of urban quality for current and future generations.

scholarly journals Land-Use Changes of Historical Rural Landscape—Heritage, Protection, and Sustainable Ecotourism: Case Study of Slovak Exclave Čív (Piliscsév) in Komárom-Esztergom County (Hungary)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6048
Author(s):  
Peter Chrastina ◽  
Pavel Hronček ◽  
Bohuslava Gregorová ◽  
Michaela Žoncová
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results

The landscape surrounding the village of Čív (Piliscsév in Hungarian) in the north of the Komárom-Esztergom County is part of the cultural heritage of the Slovaks in Hungary. This paper discusses the issue of the Čív landscape changes in the context of its use (historical land use). Between 1701 and 1709, new inhabitants began cultivating the desolated landscape of the Dorog Basin, which is surrounded by the Pilis Mountains. This paper aims to characterize the Slovak exclave Čív land use with an emphasis on the period from the beginning of the 18th century (Slovak colonization of the analyzed territory) to 2019. These findings subsequently lead to the evaluation of the stability of the cultural-historical landscape as an essential condition for the development of ecotourism in the cultural landscape. The study results show that a long-term stable cultural landscape has a similar potential for the development of ecotourism as a natural landscape (wilderness). Research conclusions were aimed at creating three proposals for the cultural landscape management of the study area, conceived by the fundamental pillars of ecotourism, which would lead to its stable and sustainable use in ecotourism.

Sustainability of Lithuanian villages with churches and landscape

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Karvelyte-Balbieriene ◽  
Indre Grazuleviciute-Vileniske
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Urban Structures

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the historical, cultural, and social significance and the role in landscapes of Lithuanian villages with churches and to formulate the hypothetical framework for their revitalization and consequent sustainable development of country's rural landscape. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology of the research encompassed the desktop study (analysis of literature, archival data, maps, and statistical data) and the analyses on site (observation, measurements, and recording in photographs of buildings and urban structures). Findings – The findings of the research include the analysis of the historical development of country's rural settlements with the religious function, formulation of the notion of the contemporary village with church, identification of the contemporary network of country's villages with churches and analysis of their current socioeconomic and sociocultural situation and the role in rural landscape. The results of the analyses were used formulating the hypothetical framework for the revitalization of the villages with churches and the sustainable development of the rural landscape. Originality/value – The analysis of literature demonstrated that Lithuanian villages with churches and their significance for the sustainable development of country's rural landscape are paradoxically neglected subjects. Meanwhile, the foreign experience has demonstrated that historic rural settlements, including the settlements with the religious function, are important not only as separate cultural assets but also can play an important role in the identity, viability, and the sustainable development of rural landscapes. Thus the findings of the research demonstrating the peculiarities and potential of Lithuanian villages with churches can be used in the fields of heritage preservation, landscape management, and rural development.

scholarly journals What Ecosystem Services Flowing from Linpan System—A Cultural Landscape in Chengdu Plain, Southwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4122
Author(s):  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Bo Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Chengdu Plain ◽  
Ecosystem Complex ◽  
Material Values ◽  
Urban People ◽  
Document Review

As an ecosystem complex integrated with functions of agricultural production, residence, and socio-cultural activity, linpan (wooded lot) has characterized socio-ecologically and culturally the rural landscape in Chengdu Plain. Although functioning for centuries without disruption and supporting continuously the regional prosperity, it is currently under big threats due to rapid urbanization and a growing population. The overall goal of this paper is to improve our understanding of the linpan system and its services. Within the framework of four categories of ecosystem services, including provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting services, the deliverables by linpan were elaborated respectively based on document review and field survey. It was addressed that as a localized cultural landscape, linpan has and will continue to provide various services to rural as well as urban people. These services including material and non-material values were highly recognized by local people, but the perceived importance of services were changeable with the socio-economic development, market fluctuation, and people’s awareness rise. Regarding the preservation of the linpan system as an important agricultural heritage system, cultural services should not be neglected within a landscape management framework. Finally, this study called for attention to the dynamics of the linpan system which required an adaptive approach for assessing and managing ecosystem services.

scholarly journals A Soft Clustering Approach to Detect Socio-Ecological Landscape Boundaries Using Bayesian Networks

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Rosa F. Ropero ◽  
Ana D. Maldonado ◽  
Laura Uusitalo ◽  
Antonio Salmerón ◽  
Rafael Rumí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Bayesian Network Classifiers ◽  
Ecological Boundaries ◽  
Probability Threshold ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Ecological Landscape ◽  
Probabilistic Nature

Detecting socio-ecological boundaries in traditional rural landscapes is very important for the planning and sustainability of these landscapes. Most of the traditional methods to detect ecological boundaries have two major shortcomings: they are unable to include uncertainty, and they often exclude socio-economic information. This paper presents a new approach, based on unsupervised Bayesian network classifiers, to find spatial clusters and their boundaries in socio-ecological systems. As a case study, a Mediterranean cultural landscape was used. As a result, six socio-ecological sectors, following both longitudinal and altitudinal gradients, were identified. In addition, different socio-ecological boundaries were detected using a probability threshold. Thanks to its probabilistic nature, the proposed method allows experts and stakeholders to distinguish between different levels of uncertainty in landscape management. The inherent complexity and heterogeneity of the natural landscape is easily handled by Bayesian networks. Moreover, variables from different sources and characteristics can be simultaneously included. These features confer an advantage over other traditional techniques.

scholarly journals Permaculture in Portugal: Social-Ecological Inventory of a Re-Ruralizing Grassroots Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-52
Author(s):  
Hugo Oliveira ◽  
Gil Penha-Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Grassroots Initiatives ◽  
Grassroots Innovations ◽  
Landscape Ecological

AbstractSouthern European countries face a panorama of rural landscape abandonment, ageing rural population and lack of opportunities for vibrant rural lifestyles. This lead the way for over-exploitative monocultural practices and widespread abandonment of traditional land management practices, intensifying the degradation of rural landscapes, suffering already from the impacts of climate change and global economic pressures. Although policy driven initiatives can scale solutions to have wider impact, if not attuned to local contexts they can also increase the problems felt at the local level. Highlighting local grassroots innovations and locally appropriate solutions can support such attunement. Community-led grassroots initiatives have been sprouting, wishing to regenerate their landscapes grounded on ecocentric ethical approaches to Neo-rural lifestyles. Within Portugal, Permaculture, as a landscape ecological design movement and practice, has been one of those approaches, activated by young citizens wishing to recreate and innovate alternatives for the sustainable management of land, associated with lifestyle choices and local entrepreneurship. With this article, using a socio-ecological inventory as a baseline exploratory study, we are aiming to identify and start characterizing, the Permaculture landscape ecological design movement in Portugal, the motivations and perceptions of such movement, and its contribution towards the transformation of landscape management, societal trends and ecocentric innovations, to create more sustainable socio-ecological rural livelihoods within a Portuguese context.

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