scholarly journals Innovation Resilience: A New Approach for Managing Uncertainties Concerned with Sustainable Innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Dong Lv ◽  
Dan Tian ◽  
Yuan Wei ◽  
Rui-Xue Xi
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sustainable Innovation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
High Level

Sustainable innovation is more complex than conventional, market-driven innovation, because companies have to consider a wide range of uncertainties concerned with the environment, society, and economics. This literature review shows that resilience is the prevailing way of thinking in the area of sustainability studies, and the main contribution of resilience to sustainability is how to deal with uncertainties. However, there seems to be a scarcity in the current literature on the conceptualization of resilience in the context of innovation. From the duality view, this paper proposes a new concept of innovation resilience based on two dimensions, stability and adaptability, which contribute to maintaining a high level of innovation efficiency, while at the same time adapting to change. The proposed innovation resilience concept attempts to provide an integration of divergent research streams—innovation management, organizational resilience, and sustainability management theory. We develop a conceptual framework that consists of a set of indicators involving the two dimensions by using multiple case studies, upon which future empirical studies can be based.

Value co-creation in the B2B context: a diagnosis of knowledge management based on multiple case studies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Bonamigo ◽  
Camila Guimarães Frech ◽  
Ana Carolina Custódio Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Knowledge Asymmetry ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to empirically investigate how organizations delivering services in business-to-business relations deal with the boundary paradox and knowledge asymmetry in value co-creation. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative multiple case study strategy. Datas were gathered through 13 semi-structured interviews that were then analyzed through the content analysis. Findings The authors identified three mechanisms that organizations use to deal with the boundary paradox and two strategies to handle the knowledge asymmetry. Research limitations/implications First, no opportunities were afforded to involve more participants. Second, owning to confidentiality reasons, not all organizations provided us documents to be analyzed. Practical implications The findings guide managers in balancing the use of contracts and trust in inter-firm collaborations and fostering the learning of customers. Also, insights to protect knowledge based on the paradox of openness in value co-creation. Originality/value This study’s findings address the gap in value co-creation literature concerning the lack of empirical studies.

Resonant Defects: A New Approach to Highly-Sensitive Ultrasound-Activated NDT Techniques

NDT World ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Солодов ◽  
Igor Solodov ◽  
Кройцбрук ◽  
Mark Kreutzbruck
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Frequency ◽  
Local Defect ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Thermal Defect ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Ultrasonic Ndt

The presence of a defect leads to a local decrease in rigidity for a certain mass of the material and therefore manifests in a particular characteristic frequency of the defect. A frequency match between the driving ultrasonic wave and this characteristic frequency provides a Local Defect Resonance (LDR) and results in efficient energy delivery from the wave into the defect. In this paper, such a selective ultrasonic activation of resonant defects is suggested to enhance nonlinear ultrasonic, optical and thermal defect responses. Multiple case studies demonstrate that the resonant excitation of a defect results in a high local vibration and enhancement of sensitivity in ultrasonic NDT and imaging of defects via laser vibrometry, thermosonics, nonlinearity and shearography readily measurable even for a few mW of ultrasonic power. The LDR-based NDT methods require much lower ultrasonic power to activate the defects that makes it possible to avoid high- power ultrasonic instrumentation.

Machine Learning Techniques for Code Smells Detection: A Systematic Mapping Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 285-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Luiz Caram ◽  
Bruno Rafael De Oliveira Rodrigues ◽  
Amadeu Silveira Campanelli ◽  
Fernando Silva Parreiras
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Systematic Mapping Study ◽  
Code Smells ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Level

Code smells or bad smells are an accepted approach to identify design flaws in the source code. Although it has been explored by researchers, the interpretation of programmers is rather subjective. One way to deal with this subjectivity is to use machine learning techniques. This paper provides the reader with an overview of machine learning techniques and code smells found in the literature, aiming at determining which methods and practices are used when applying machine learning for code smells identification and which machine learning techniques have been used for code smells identification. A mapping study was used to identify the techniques used for each smell. We found that the Bloaters was the main kind of smell studied, addressed by 35% of the papers. The most commonly used technique was Genetic Algorithms (GA), used by 22.22% of the papers. Regarding the smells addressed by each technique, there was a high level of redundancy, in a way that the smells are covered by a wide range of algorithms. Nevertheless, Feature Envy stood out, being targeted by 63% of the techniques. When it comes to performance, the best average was provided by Decision Tree, followed by Random Forest, Semi-supervised and Support Vector Machine Classifier techniques. 5 out of the 25 analyzed smells were not handled by any machine learning techniques. Most of them focus on several code smells and in general there is no outperforming technique, except for a few specific smells. We also found a lack of comparable results due to the heterogeneity of the data sources and of the provided results. We recommend the pursuit of further empirical studies to assess the performance of these techniques in a standardized dataset to improve the comparison reliability and replicability.

Modeling Dependencies in International Relations Networks

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Hoff ◽  
Michael D. Ward
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Dyadic Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Wide Range

Despite the desire to focus on the interconnected nature of politics and economics at the global scale, most empirical studies in the field of international relations assume not only that the major actors are sovereign, but also that their relationships are portrayed in data that are modeled as independent phenomena. In contrast, this article illustrates the use of linear and bilinear random—effects models to represent statistical dependencies that often characterize dyadic data such as international relations. In particular, we show how to estimate models for dyadic data that simultaneously take into account: (a) regressor variables, (b) correlation of actions having the same actor, (c) correlation of actions having the same target, (d) correlation of actions between a pair of actors (i.e., reciprocity of actions), and (e) third-order dependencies, such as transitivity, clustering, and balance. We apply this new approach to the political relations among a wide range of political actors in Central Asia over the period 1989–1999, illustrating the presence and strength of second- and third-order statistical dependencies in these data.

scholarly journals Investigating the running abilities ofTyrannosaurus rexusing stress-constrained multibody dynamic analysis

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3420 ◽  
Author(s):  
William I. Sellers ◽  
Stuart B. Pond ◽  
Charlotte A. Brassey ◽  
Philip L. Manning ◽  
Karl T. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multibody Dynamic ◽  
High Level ◽  
Walking Speeds

The running ability ofTyrannosaurus rexhas been intensively studied due to its relevance to interpretations of feeding behaviour and the biomechanics of scaling in giant predatory dinosaurs. Different studies using differing methodologies have produced a very wide range of top speed estimates and there is therefore a need to develop techniques that can improve these predictions. Here we present a new approach that combines two separate biomechanical techniques (multibody dynamic analysis and skeletal stress analysis) to demonstrate that true running gaits would probably lead to unacceptably high skeletal loads inT. rex. Combining these two approaches reduces the high-level of uncertainty in previous predictions associated with unknown soft tissue parameters in dinosaurs, and demonstrates that the relatively long limb segments ofT. rex—long argued to indicate competent running ability—would actually have mechanically limited this species to walking gaits. Being limited to walking speeds contradicts arguments of high-speed pursuit predation for the largest bipedal dinosaurs likeT. rex, and demonstrates the power of multiphysics approaches for locomotor reconstructions of extinct animals.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effectiveness of Media Research on Noticing Media Effects: A Multiple Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Osman Yılmaz Kartal
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
School Education ◽  
Media Effect ◽  
The Face ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
The Media ◽  
Multiple Case Studies ◽  
Media Research ◽  
High Level

Pre-school education is carried out during a developmental period in which children are vulnerable and dependent oncognitive and affective aspects. In this period, the media is being used at a remarkable level in the formal andinformal educational life of children. As a result of their interactions with the media, children are exposed to bothpositive and negative impositions of the media. Teachers are one of the stakeholders with professionalresponsibilities that should support children in the face of media impositions. Teachers need to have a high level ofawareness of the influence of the media. In the study, the effectiveness of media research on the level of awareness ofpreschool teachers' media influence is examined. The study was carried out with multiple case studies. Differentmedia researches were conducted on 6 different cases. Pre-school prospective teachers who conduct media researchstate that media research is quite effective in recognizing the media effect. They emphasize that media should beused consciously in pre-school education practices and media should not be used without conducting mediaresearches.

scholarly journals A REVIEW AND CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ISO56002 INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS STANDARD: EVIDENCE AND LIMITATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150049
Author(s):  
JOE TIDD
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Key Features ◽  
High Level

The ISO56002 international standard for managing innovation systems was published in 2019. In this paper, we review the rationale, the key features, and the evidence base for this new standard. The primary objective of the standard is to promote the professionalisation of the field by providing a framework for management and organisational practice. The standard was developed by a wide range of stakeholders, including consultants and professional associations, and therefore features most of the elements we would expect from such a high-level, generic approach: strategy, organisation, leadership, planning, support, process, performance evaluation, and improvement. We examine the empirical base for each of these components in this paper. We also identify some critical shortcomings, such as the implicit adoption of a linear model, lack of specific tools to support practice, or any significant variation in application by sector or context. Finally, we recommend how the standard could be improved and implemented in practice.

scholarly journals REFLEKSYJNOŚĆ W ŚWIETLE TEKSTÓW EUROPEJSKIEGO SYSTEMU OPISU KSZTAŁCENIA JĘZYKOWEGO

Neofilolog ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (42/2) ◽  
pp. 143-154
Author(s):  
Iwona Janowska
Keyword(s):  
Learning Objectives ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Era ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Priority ◽  
High Level

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages is a document characterized by a high level of generality, addressed to a wide range of readers. The conceptual paradigm included in the document could constitute the basis for a new trend in language didactics; however, a lot of further work and research should be carried out for the new approach to achieve the status of independent and efficient methodology. The first prerequisite for introducing necessary modifications is a reflexive approach to the recommendations of CEFR, especially those which are methodological in character. The lack of any rules or procedures showing how to facilitate the achievement of learning objectives is the most frequent objection made against the CEFR. The focus on what has to be taught should go along with how to teach and why. Reflexivity which occupies a marginal position in the CEFR has to become a priority for its users if the methodology outlined there is to constitute the new era in language didactics.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Workload: Evidence and Ambiguity on Professional Identity

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-182
Author(s):  
Miguel F. Coelho ◽  
Rui M. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
State Control ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies

Understanding changes in the teaching profession as means of State control implies the hypothesis of teachers’ identity reconfiguration. The use of time may be viewed as a powerful tool in rebuilding teachers’ identity as well as an important element in the process of developing professional identity. This study aims at describing and analyzing secondary level teachers’ actual workload, and it relies on the empirical data available concerning different national contexts, and on a description of the teachers’ work composition. This description was obtained through enquiries about the daily work of teachers from different subjects. The methodology used focused on multiple case studies, and the inquiries were conducted in two Portuguese secondary schools. The main results of these inquiries show the teachers’ overwork, and a significant dispersion through several types of tasks. Another important result shows that the available institutional data needs to be read along with the empirical studies conducted, for the latter reveal that teaching can no longer be considered a soft profession, particularly due to the workload and the need to develop very different but simultaneous skills. The increased control of the State over schools and teachers, and the increment of a wider set of tasks regarding school bureaucracy, organization and projects represent a significant percentage of the teachers’ work time.

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