scholarly journals Flagships of the Dutch Welfare State in Transformation: A Transformation Framework for Balancing Sustainability and Cultural Values in Energy-Efficient Renovation of Postwar Walk-Up Apartment Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Oorschot ◽  
Lidwine Spoormans ◽  
Sabira El Messlaki ◽  
Thaleia Konstantinou ◽  
Tim de Jonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Housing Associations ◽  
General Transformation ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Design Solutions

Increasing energy efficiency of the housing stock is one of the largest challenges in the built environment today. In line with the international Paris-Climate-Change-Conference 2015, Dutch municipalities and housing associations have embraced the ambition to achieve carbon neutrality for their social housing stock by 2050. However, most deep renovation designs for increasing the energy efficiency of dwellings focus on the relatively easy portion of the housing stock: postwar row housing. Furthermore, such design solutions are mostly produced without much care for architectural quality and cultural heritage, nor for testing for consumer preferences. Yet, such aspects are of major importance in tenement housing, particularly regarding the architectural quality of the huge numbers of walk-up apartment buildings from the inter- and postwar periods owned by housing associations in the larger cities. Renovation of buildings of this typology is more complex because of, among others, technical, social, and heritage factors. To support decisions in this complex context, a General Transformation Framework and a Roadmap has been developed for generating design solutions for deep renovation of representative parts of postwar walk-up apartment buildings with the aim to increase energy efficiency; retain its architectural legibility and cultural heritage value; and allow for the presentation of (end) users, with various options for adaptation to assess their preferences.

scholarly journals Progress and Stagnation of Renovation, Energy Efficiency, and Gentrification of Pre-War Walk-Up Apartment Buildings in Amsterdam Since 1995

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2590
Author(s):  
Leo Oorschot ◽  
Wessel De Jonge
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Housing Associations ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Apartment Buildings

Increasing the energy efficiency of the housing stock has been one of the largest challenges of the built environment in the Netherlands in recent decades. Parallel with the energy transition there is an ongoing revaluation of the architectural quality of pre-war residential buildings. In the past, urban renewal was traditionally based on demolition and replacement with new buildings. This has changed to the improvement of old buildings through renovation. Housing corporations developed an approach for the deep renovation of their housing stock in the period 1995–2015. The motivation to renovate buildings varied, but the joint pattern that emerged was quality improvement of housing in cities, focusing particularly on energy efficiency, according to project data files from the NRP institute (Platform voor Transformatie en Renovatie). However, since 2015 the data from the federation of Amsterdam-based housing associations AFWC (Amsterdamse Federatie Woningcorporaties) has shown the transformation of pre-war walk-up apartment buildings has stagnated. The sales of units are slowing down, except in pre-war neighbourhoods. Housing associations have sold their affordable housing stock of pre-war property in Amsterdam inside the city’s ring road. The sales revenue was used to build new affordable housing far beyond the ring road. This study highlights the profound influence of increasing requirements established by the European Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD) and the revised Housing Act of 1 July 2015, for the renovation of the pre-war housing stock. The transformation process to climate-neutral neighbourhoods inside the ring road is slowing down because of new property owners, making a collective heat network difficult to realize; furthermore, segregation of residents is appearing in Amsterdam.

scholarly journals The market value of energy efficiency in buildings and the mode of tenure

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (14) ◽  
pp. 3218-3238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin A Kholodilin ◽  
Andreas Mense ◽  
Claus Michelsen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
House Price ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption Patterns ◽  
Implicit Prices

Concerns about global warming and growing scarcity of fossil fuels require substantial changes in energy consumption patterns and energy systems, as targeted by many countries around the world. One key element to achieve such transformation is to increase energy efficiency of the housing stock. In this context, it is frequently argued that private investments are too low in the light of the potential energy cost savings. However, heterogeneous incentives to invest in energy efficiency, especially for owner-occupants and landlords, may serve as one explanation. This is particularly important for countries with a large rental sector, like Germany. Nevertheless, previous literature largely focuses on the payoffs owner-occupants receive, leaving out the rental market. This paper addresses this gap by comparing the capitalisation of energy efficiency in selling prices and rents, for both types of residences. For this purpose data from the Berlin housing market are analysed using hedonic regressions. The estimations reveal that energy efficiency is well capitalised in apartment prices and rents. The comparison of implicit prices and the net present value of energy cost savings/rents reveals that investors anticipate future energy and house price movements reasonably. However, in the rental segment, the value of future energy cost savings exceeds tenants’ implicit willingness to pay by a factor of 2.5. This can either be interpreted as a result of market power of tenants, uncertainty in the rental relationship or the ‘landlord–tenant dilemma’.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECTS IN LATVIA'S HOUSING STOCK AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Sakovskis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
Housing Services

Development of the housing and utilities sector for provision of necessary living conditions is one of the most significant areas in the national socio-economic transformation. Residential construction, housing services and public utilities, that ensure regeneration and maintenance of housing stock and bring housing and utilities to their direct consumers, are the key industries of the sector. The development of the housing sector in Latvia fails to meet the EU requirements: tasks placed on the sector are not carried out properly thus significantly lowering quality of life of the population. Therefore, the issue of housing and utilities stands to be one of the most pressing social problems in the country. The housing and utilities sector suffers from substantial difficulties due to lack of financing, weak physical infrastructure, an insufficient number of skilled personnel, lack of a forethought housing and utilities policy, and inadequately developed regulations for companies operating within the area of housing services maintenance. To the author, the key issue of the housing services in Latvia is renovation of obsolete housing stock. In the presented scientific paper, based on studies of the economic effect from the implementation and development of energy efficiency projects (renovation) of multi-apartment buildings in Latvia, an analysis is performed of the influence of renovation projects on the construction industry in Latvia. Therefore, the aim of the research is to examine the potential of the energy efficiency (renovation) projects of multi-apartment buildings in Latvia as a tool for development of the construction industry and of the economy of the country in general.Econometric methods as well as methods of sociological research and statistical analysis are applied in this work. In the final part, the author demonstrates that the programmes for raising the energy efficiency of housing stock are an effective tool for development of the construction industry in Latvia.

scholarly journals ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL PROGRAMS FOR THE REPAIR OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iu. S. Shpinev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
The Common ◽  
Regional Programs

In this article, the author analyzes the implementation of regional programs for major repairs of the common property of apartment buildings, taking into account the need to solve the problems of modernization of the housing stock, including improving its energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Legal Aspects on Cultural Values and Energy Efficiency in the Built Environment – A Sustainable Balance of Public Interests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Christiernsson ◽  
Mia Geijer ◽  
Melina Malafry
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research Project

Improved energy efficiency and increased use of renewables within the building stock is crucial to ensure the reach of international and national climate goals, such as the CO2 neutral society. Exciting buildings needs to be retrofitted and heated by renewable energy sources. This may however lead to conflicts with other sustainability goals such as the preservation of cultural heritage values within the built environment. If conflicts can be avoided and attention paid both to improved use and production of energy and the preservation of built cultural heritage will to a large extent depend on the design of the legislation. In Sweden there are many parallel laws regulating environmental issues, building and planning and preservation of cultural heritage. Thus, the legal system as a whole must be coherent and without deficits, loop-holes and conflicts contradicting goal fulfilment. Moreover, the norms must be effectively applied and complied with. RECO is an interdisciplinary research project assessing the effectiveness of the Swedish legal system in reaching energy goals while preserving heritage values. This assessment has been carried out through study of legal works, case law, case studies and a national survey. This article presents and elaborates on some results from the project.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Buildings Energy Efficiency – the Key Role of Residents

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martins Miezis ◽  
Kristaps Zvaigznitis ◽  
Nicholas Stancioff ◽  
Lars Soeftestad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Europe Today

Abstract Eastern Europe today is confronted with an unavoidable problem - the multifamily apartment building stock is deteriorating but apartment owners do not have sufficient access to resources be they organizational, financial, technical or legal. In addition, destructive myths have grown about the Soviet era buildings despite their continued resilience or the ex- GDR experience in the 90s with the same buildings. Further, without resources, decision making in residential apartments is seen as a major obstacle and used as an explanation why renovation has not taken place in Latvia. This is important not only in the context of a potential housing crisis but also because the renovation of the apartment buildings is an effective solution to significantly reduce the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. It has a proven potential to effectively finance the long term renovation of these buildings. This paper summarizes the first findings of a comprehensive and in-depth study of apartment buildings, their owners and the processes relating to renovation, combining social and environmental engineering research methods. It seeks to understand how owners of multi-family buildings in Eastern Europe understand their buildings and then to answer two questions - how to motivate owners to renovate their homes and increase energy efficiency and what business models should be used to implement economically viable and high quality projects.

scholarly journals Features of housing sanation in the historical architectural environment

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Kateryna Danko ◽  
Kashchenko Tetyana
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

In Ukraine, one of the main problems in the field of architecture and construction is an outdated housing stock with low energy efficiency indicators. The total housing stock of Ukraine is 1031.7 million m2, of which more than 4.8 million m2 is an outdated and emergency stock, 11% of residential buildings need repairing, and 9% – reconstruction. Its significant part (72 million m2 or 23%) is morally outdated buildings of the first mass series of 1950−1960, which have a number of structural deficiencies and do not fit to current norms [11]. Most of the existing housing are in the historical environment, therefore, in addition to traditional approaches to the formation of energy-efficient housing, there are special approaches associated with a number of restrictions on the compositional, stylistic, and coloristic integrity to the architectural environment whith increasing energy efficiency of housing. This problem needs to be solved in a complex way, using thermo-modernization, thermo-reconstruction, sanation. An analysis of these approaches has shown that sanationis the most effective, as measures for the rehabilitation of multi-apartment buildings allow to increase energy efficiency of housing and preserve historical architectural heritage within the existing housing stock.

Upgrading Energy Efficient Housing and Creating Jobs: It Works Both Ways

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Frits Meijer ◽  
Henk Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Housing Associations ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Investment Programme ◽  
The Eu ◽  
New Jobs

The European Commission and EU member states have prioritised the renovation of the existing housing stock as a means of achieving their energy-efficiency targets. As buildings account for 40% of Europe’s energy consumption and much of this is used in the residential sector a major breakthrough could be realized here. Despite the fact that energy saving targets have been prioritized in EU and national policy programme’s, progress is slow. The actual rate and extent of renovations are by fare not enough to achieve the targets. Although the necessity of energy savings is acknowledged by institutional investors in housing, housing associations, individual homeowners and occupants, it appears to be difficult to get sufficient support for energy efficiency renovations. The current economic situation is an additional barrier preventing large scale investments in energy renovating the housing stock. This article connects the realisation of energy efficiency goals with the creation of jobs in the EU. The shift from new-build to renovation will have considerable effects on employment in especially the construction industry and the qualifications required by the workforce. Studies show that for every €1 million investment in the existing building stock in the form of energy renovation work, 12 to 17 new jobs could be created. Potentially this could lead to may new jobs. However, there are many uncertainties in these calculations. Are these direct or indirect jobs, what sectors would benefit, are these jobs created within the EU and what would be the net effect on the labour market? Nonetheless these uncertainties, the positive employment effects will prevail. A new and ambitious investment programme in the housing sector could not only improve the energy performance of the sector but create 100.000’s of valuable jobs at a time when these are seriously needed.

Perspectives and Regulation of the Russian Market for Project-based Transactions under the Kyoto Protocol

2008 ◽  
pp. 108-125
Author(s):  
K. Zavodov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
New Form ◽  
Contract Structure ◽  
Carbon Fund

Project-based transactions (PBTs) are a market mechanism of attracting foreign investments in order to abate greenhouse gas emissions and increase energy efficiency of the country’s enterprises. The article provides a classification and analyzes advantages and drawbacks of PBTs from the point of view of a host country. The main trends and factors determining the dynamics of the PBT market are described. Given that Russia currently lags behind the leaders of the PBT market, an incorporation of a state carbon fund is put forward with an aim of channelling PBTs through it. This paper proposes a form of PBT market regulation by incorporating an option mechanism into the contract structure of a transaction. A comparison of the new form of regulation with the tools that are currently in use in Russia and other countries demonstrates its greater economic efficiency under uncertainty.

PROBLEMS OF CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-168
Author(s):  
SVETLANA IVANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Cultural Inheritance ◽  
Federal Laws ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Cultural Monuments

The purpose of the research work is to analyze the norms of Federal laws, as well as the laws of the Russian Federation's constituent entities, devoted to the definitions and classification of the concepts “cultural heritage”, “historical and cultural monuments”, “cultural values”. Conclusions obtained in the course of the research: based on the study of current legislation, it is concluded that the definitions of “cultural values”, “cultural property”, “objects of cultural inheritance” contained in various normative legal acts differ in content. Based on the research, the author proposes the concept of “cultural values”.

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