scholarly journals Unintended Effects of Autonomous Driving: A Study on Mobility Preferences in the Future

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Pakusch ◽  
Gunnar Stevens ◽  
Alexander Boden ◽  
Paul Bossauer
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Automated futures and the mobile present: In-car video ethnographies

Ethnography ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Pink ◽  
Vaike Fors ◽  
Mareike Glöss
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Video Ethnography ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
The Future

New technological possibilities associated with autonomous driving (AD) cars are generating new questions and imaginaries about automated futures. In this article we advance a theoretical-methodological approach towards researching this context based in design anthropological theory and sensory ethnographic practice. In doing so we explain and discuss the findings of an in-car video ethnography study designed to investigate the usually unspoken and not necessarily visible elements of car-based mobility. Such an approach is needed, we argue, both in order to inform a research agenda that is capable of addressing the emergence of automated vehicles specifically, as well as in preparation for understanding the implications of automation more generally as human mobility is increasingly entangled with automated technologies and the future imaginaries associated with them.

scholarly journals A Methodological Review of fNIRS in Driving Research: Relevance to the Future of Autonomous Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Balters ◽  
Joseph M. Baker ◽  
Joseph W. Geeseman ◽  
Allan L. Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Methodological Review ◽  
The Future

As automobile manufacturers have begun to design, engineer, and test autonomous driving systems of the future, brain imaging with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can provide unique insights about cognitive processes associated with evolving levels of autonomy implemented in the automobile. Modern fNIRS devices provide a portable, relatively affordable, and robust form of functional neuroimaging that allows researchers to investigate brain function in real-world environments. The trend toward “naturalistic neuroscience” is evident in the growing number of studies that leverage the methodological flexibility of fNIRS, and in doing so, significantly expand the scope of cognitive function that is accessible to observation via functional brain imaging (i.e., from the simulator to on-road scenarios). While more than a decade’s worth of study in this field of fNIRS driving research has led to many interesting findings, the number of studies applying fNIRS during autonomous modes of operation is limited. To support future research that directly addresses this lack in autonomous driving research with fNIRS, we argue that a cogent distillation of the methods used to date will help facilitate and streamline this research of tomorrow. To that end, here we provide a methodological review of the existing fNIRS driving research, with the overarching goal of highlighting the current diversity in methodological approaches. We argue that standardization of these approaches will facilitate greater overlap of methods by researchers from all disciplines, which will, in-turn, allow for meta-analysis of future results. We conclude by providing recommendations for advancing the use of such fNIRS technology in furthering understanding the adoption of safe autonomous vehicle technology.

Responsibility, rationality, and acceptance: How future users of autonomous driving are constructed in stakeholders’ sociotechnical imaginaries

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Graf ◽  
Marco Sonnberger
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Social Constructions ◽  
Sociotechnical Imaginaries ◽  
The Future ◽  
A Minor

Although autonomous driving is expected to provide a solution for various mobility-related issues, ideas on how the technology will actually unfold are vague. Nevertheless, stakeholders in the field hold expectations about the technology and the future users. With very few exceptions, so far research does not focus on these expectations as social constructions of individuals and publics. In addition, these perceptions play only a minor role in the technology-centered debate. Thus, to bring these perceptions to light and to analyze their implications, we draw on the sociotechnical imaginaries approach to reconstruct stakeholders’ views of future users and publics. We perform a qualitative content analysis and show that imaginaries unfold along the themes of responsibility for the process of driving, rationality in decision-making, and acceptance for emerging technologies. We discuss how the themes relate to each other, what role science plays, and what implications follow from the respective stakeholders’ views.

Autonomous Driving Changes the Future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanxiang Chai ◽  
Tianxin Nie ◽  
Jan Becker
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Embracing the Future Internet of Things

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Cirillo ◽  
Fang-Jing Wu ◽  
Gürkan Solmaz ◽  
Ernö Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Future Internet ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Status Information ◽  
Open Issues

All of the objects in the real world are envisioned to be connected and/or represented, through an infrastructure layer, in the virtual world of the Internet, becoming Things with status information. Services are then using the available data from this Internet-of-Things (IoT) for various social and economical benefits which explain its extreme broad usage in very heterogeneous fields. Domain administrations of diverse areas of application developed and deployed their own IoT systems and services following disparate standards and architecture approaches that created a fragmentation of things, infrastructures and services in vertical IoT silos. Coordination and cooperation among IoT systems are the keys to build “smarter” IoT services boosting the benefits magnitude. This article analyses the technical trends of the future IoT world based on the current limitations of the IoT systems and the capability requirements. We propose a hyper-connected IoT framework in which “things” are connected to multiple interdependent services and describe how this framework enables the development of future applications. Moreover, we discuss the major limitations in today’s IoT and highlight the required capabilities in the future. We illustrate this global vision with the help of two concrete instances of the hyper-connected IoT in smart cities and autonomous driving scenarios. Finally, we analyse the trends in the number of connected “things” and point out open issues and future challenges. The proposed hyper-connected IoT framework is meant to scale the benefits of IoT from local to global.

scholarly journals Shared Autonomous Vehicles: Potentials for a Sustainable Mobility and Risks of Unintended Effects

10.29007/rg73 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Pakusch ◽  
Gunnar Stevens ◽  
Paul Bossauer
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Travel Mode ◽  
Mobility Behavior

Automated and connected cars could significantly reduce congestion and emissions through a more efficient flow of traffic and a reduction in the number of vehicles. An increase in demand for driving with autonomous vehicles is also conceivable due to higher comfort and improved quality of time using driverless cars. So far, empirical evidence supporting this hypothesis is missing. To analyze the influence of autonomous driving on mobility behavior and to uncover user preferences, which serve as an indicator for future travel mode choices, we conducted an online survey with a paired comparison of current and future travel modes with 302 German participants. The results do not confirm the hypothesis that ownership will become an outdated model in the future. Instead they suggest that private cars, whether traditional or fully automated, will remain the preferred travel mode. At the same time, carsharing will benefit from full automation more than private cars. However, findings indicate that the growth of carsharing will mainly be at the expense of public transport, showing that more effort should be placed in making public transportation more attractive if sustainable mobility is to be developed.

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