scholarly journals Levels of Technical, Allocative, and Groundwater Use Efficiency and the Factors Affecting the Allocative Efficiency of Wheat Farmers in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobia Asghar ◽  
Nophea Sasaki ◽  
Damien Jourdain ◽  
Takuji Tsusaka
Keyword(s):  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Groundwater Use ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Allocative efficiency and adoption of improved maize variety: A case of eastern hills of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
Tilak Katel ◽  
Bhishma Raj Dahal ◽  
Sandesh Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Production and  profit from maize farming can be substantially increased by allocating resources efficiently and adopting improved maize variety. In this context, a study was undertaken to determine the allocative efficiency and factors affecting adoption of improved maize variety in Eastern hills of Nepal. Random sampling was conducted in eastern part of Khotang district namely, Halesi municipality and Diktel Rupakot Majuwagadi municipality during month of March 2019. Pretested semi-structured questionnaire was administered among 80 randomly selected farmers cultivating maize since last two years. Face to face interview was scheduled to obtain data. Cobb Douglas production function was used to determine allocative efficiency; probit regression model was launched to determine factors affecting adoption of improved maize variety.  Significant positive relation of cost of seed, planting, and weeding with income has suggested to increase expenditure on certified maize seed over own farm seed, line sowing over broadcasting, and weeding. The model revealed that increasing all the factors of production by 100% would result in increase in income by 71.83%. Furthermore, cultivating improved maize variety is more profitable than own farm seed. Probit regression model showed that, farmers who have received training, who were member of cooperatives and who have received high schooling were more likely to adopt open-pollinated improved maize variety. Unavailability of inputs (seed, fertilizer, and labor), insect pest attack and adverse climatic conditions were major constraint of maize farming. Therefore, it would be better to suggest maize producers to increase expenditure on seed; make maize field weed free and adopt line sowing method. In addition, providing training, increasing access over inputs and encouraging farmers towards cooperatives could be virtuous for sustainable maize production.

scholarly journals Productivity and profitability of maize-pumpkin mix cropping in Chitwan, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Chandra Dhakal ◽  
Punya Prasad Regmi ◽  
Resham Bahadur Thapa ◽  
Shrawan Kumar Sah ◽  
Dilli Bahadur Khatri-Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Positive Effect

The study was conducted to determine the productivity, profitability and resource use efficiency of maize-pumpkin mix crop production in Chitwan. The study used 53 maize-pumpkin mix crop adopting farmers from among 300 farmers adopting different pollinator friendly practices. Descriptive and statistical tools including Cobb-Douglas production function were used to analyze data, collected from structured interview schedule. The benefit cost ratio (1.58) indicates that maize-pumpkin mix cropping was profitable with productivity of 2.83 ton per ha on maize main product equivalent basis. The magnitude of regression coefficients of maize-pumpkin mix cropping implied that expenditure on seed and fertilizer and irrigation had significant positive effect on gross return with estimated decreasing return to scale (0.85). According to estimated allocative efficiency indices, it is suggested to increase expenditure on seed and fertilizer cum irrigation by about 90% and 55% respectively. Extension of modern technologies with adjustment on resource use is to be encouraged for increase in productivity and profitability of maize-pumpkin mix crop production which indirectly promotes and ensure forage for pollinatorsJournal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):112-122DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34290

scholarly journals Assessment on factors affecting adoption and total income from vermicompost production in Chitwan, Nepal

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
D. Devkota ◽  
S. C. Dhakal ◽  
D. Dhakal ◽  
D. D. Dhakal ◽  
R. B. Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Production Group ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Production Resource

Vermicompost production technology uses half decomposed organic wastes to feed earthworms which produces nutrient enriched compost. Vermicompost production supports both organic waste management as well as organic farming. A research was conducted with the aim to assess the production and marketing aspect of vermicompost in Chitwan district during the year 2013. Interview schedule was used to collect information from all the 32 vermicompost producers within the study area and 32 adjacent non-producers were selected through snowball sampling. The total respondents' size was 64. The non-producers were farmers with few of them vermicompost users. Training on vermicompost production, group membership and type of farming were the significant factors affecting adoption of vermicompost production technology whereas the volume of earthworm reared and labor use were the significant factors affecting total income from vermicompost production. Resource use efficiency revealed that volume of earthworm reared and material cost were being over utilized but the labor use was underutilized. The volume of earthworm reared and labor use was to be increased by 300 % and 1.48 % respectively to obtain optimum economic advantage.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page:19-26

Factors affecting 13C/12C ratios of inland halophytes. II. Ecophysiological interpretations of patterns in the field

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2700-2707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Guy ◽  
David M. Reid ◽  
H. Roy Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Salicornia Europaea ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

By measuring δ13C values, 9 of 42 species inhabiting saline sites in Alberta were found to be C4 plants. None of these, however, are dominant species in wet saline situations. A salinity gradient was studied along a transect to provide improved field data on δ13C variations among C3 halophytes. Soils were dominated by sulphates of sodium and, less so, magnesium. Soil water potential [Formula: see text] was highest at a depth of about 10 cm and, on a daily basis, changed little. The δ13C values of Puccinellia nuttalliana (Schultes) Hitch, were well correlated with [Formula: see text]. The same appeared true for Salicornia europaea L. ssp. rubra (Nels.) Brietung. In a scattergram representing five major species, a close correlation was also evident for Hordeum jubatum L. The relationship could not be extended to Triglochin maritima L. and Sonchus arvensis L., but values for these two species were not separable from those of P. nuttalliana and H. jubatum. Salicornia europaea ssp. rubra, however, differed by having δ13C values that were markedly more negative. Although partly associated with cover by other species, this tendency may reflect a lower water-use efficiency as afforded by a greater reliance on the uptake of readily available salt for osmotic adjustment.

Material stock disparity and factors affecting stocked material use efficiency of sewer pipelines in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherry Myo Lwin ◽  
Sébastien M.R. Dente ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Toshiyuki Shimizu ◽  
Seiji Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Production Efficiency of Sorghum: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Kafta-Humera District Tigray Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Tewoderos Meleaku ◽  
Degye Goshu ◽  
Bosena Tegegne
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sorghum Production

Efficiency is an important factor for increasing productivity which leads to increase market output to achieve the goal of food security. In economics where resources are scarce and opportunities to use new technologies are limited, increasing efficiency remains the most reasonable means to raise productivity without necessarily developing new technologies or increasing the resource base. So, this study aimed to investigate level of production efficiency, factors affecting production inefficiency of sorghum small holder farmers in Kafta-humera district of Tigray Ethiopia. A two stage sampling technique was used to select 289 sample farmers who were interviewed using a semi- structured questionnaire to obtain data pertaining to sorghum production during the year 2016/2017.Stochastic production frontier model was used to identify production efficiency levels, where as Tobit models was used to estimate factors affecting production efficiency levels. Accordingly, the mean technical, allocative and economic efficiencies were 78.01%, 65.21% and 39.91% respectively. This implies that output can be increased by 21.99% or cost can be reduced by 34.79% with the existing level of technology and resources. Input variables such as land, labor, tractor plow power, chemicals, DAP and Urea fertilizers positively affects production of sorghum. The discrepancy ratio (γ) implied that about 91.91% of the variation in sorghum production was attributed to technical inefficiency effects. Tobit model revealed that age, education, non-farm income, credit, extension service and training positively and significantly affected technical efficiency while age square and total livestock holding had negatively and significantly affected. Additionally, age square, education and frequency of farm visit positively and significantly affected allocative efficiency, while age, non-farm income, credit and extension contact have a negative and significant affect. Economic efficiency was positively and significantly affected by age, education, non-farm income, credit, extension contact and frequencies of farm visit but negatively affected by age square. These indicate that there is a room to increase in production efficiency of sorghum in the study area. Therefore, government authorities and other concerned bodies should take into consideration the above mentioned demographic, socioeconomic and institutional factors to increase efficiency of sorghum.

scholarly journals The Pharmaceutical Firms of Pakistan: An Overview of Multidimensional Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 4 (Issue 3) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Dr. Majid Ali ◽  
Dr. Gulam Sarwar ◽  
Dr. Abdul Saboor
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Single Output ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Cost

The pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan is now meeting around 80% of total domestic demand with an annual11% growth rate. But the question arises as to whether the firms produce efficiently? The paper measures cost efficiency of the pharmaceutical industry of Punjab using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for the period of 2014-15. The factors affecting the cost efficiency is also determined by using Tobit method. In first stage, value added is used as single output and number of employs, raw material, and cost of salary are as inputs. The result suggested that the cost efficiency of the pharmaceutical firms is 27.7% which is determined by 46% technical efficiency (TE) and 60.8% allocative efficiency (AE). It means wastage of resources is cost increasing factors in these firms. In the second stage, among the variables i.e. firm’s market share, firm’s Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) of market concentration, values of assets, energy, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index has strong positive effect on cost efficiency.

scholarly journals ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS, EFISIENSI EKONOMIS DAN DAYA SAING PADA USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DI KABUPATEN NGANJUK-JAWA TIMUR: SUATU PENDEKATAN EKONOMETRIK DAN PAM

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Waryanto
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economical Efficiency ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Frontier Production Function

Shallot is an important vegetable commodity for most Indonesian people. Shallots production is not yet able to supply the domestic consumption, and some is still met through imports. The challenge to produce shallots will be more complex, such as: the desire of consumers to high-quality products and environmentally friendly, as well as competition with similar products in the era of free trade. Based on these reasons, research has been done and the purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting shallots production, measuring the level of technical efficiency and economical efficiency. The study was conducted in Nganjuk District by taking 179 respondents from four sub districts. Interviews were conducted in October and November 2013, planting shallots April unti August 2013. Methods of analysis using the stochastic frontier production function to look at the effect of inputs on shallots production, followed by the analysis of technical efficiency (TE), allocative efficiency (AE) and economical efficiency (EE), and the final analysis of competitiveness using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The independent variable inputs consist of land (X1), seeds (X2), NPK fertilizer (X3), organic fertilizer (X4), labor (X5) and pesticides (X6). The analysis showed all independent variables significantly affected shallots production, where the value of the elasticity of the independent variable X2 is the highest, amounting to 0.2822. The analysis also obtained an average value of TE is equal to 0.808 means farmers are efficient, although there are farmers who are still not efficient. Although TE has been achieved, but is economically inefficient, because the average value of EE only 0.509. From PAM results it can be seen that farming shallots in this study has a competitive advantage but do not yet have a comparative advantage.

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