The Current State and Future Directions of Organic No-Till Farming with Cover Crops in Canada, with Case Study Support

The GIS tools facilitate organised and formal creation of models presenting both the current state of and the forecasted changes in physical environment (ones that will occur if specific conditions are satisfied). Formulated in 1962, D. L. Huff’s algorithm is gaining in popularity nowadays; it helps determine the probability of a particular venue being chosen from amongst several competitive ones. Initially, it was used to define the optimal location of new points of sale; but with the technological progress of the GIS and with an increased demand for studies on distribution of venues or service points, its scope of use in urban planning is becoming more and more extensive. The results of the study support decision-making processes and are invaluable help in selection of optimal locations. This article presents how Huff’s algorithm and Lakshmanan-Hansen’s channel pass-through model can be used in physical planning of cities with the focus on new trade centres. The research was based on the case study of Warsaw – the biggest city in Poland. The analysis conducted showed not only what market share particular centres had, but it also demonstrated what changes could be expected upon appearance of new trade centres.

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Autonomous vehicles and freight traffic: towards better efficiency of road, rail or urban logistics?

Urban Development Issues ◽

10.2478/udi-2018-0022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 41-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Péter Bucsky

Keyword(s):

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

Road Transport ◽

Transport Sector ◽

Future Directions ◽

Car Industry ◽

Level Of Automation ◽

Current State ◽

Freight Traffic ◽

Levels Of Automation ◽

Private Car

Abstract The freight transport sector is a low profit and high competition business and therefore has less ability to invest in research and development in the field of autonomous vehicles (AV) than the private car industry. There are already different levels of automation technologies in the transport industry, but most of these are serving niche demands and answers have yet to be found about whether it would be worthwhile to industrialise these technologies. New innovations from different fields are constantly changing the freight traffic industry but these are less disruptive than on other markets. The aim of this article is to show the current state of development of freight traffic with regards to AVs and analyse which future directions of development might be viable. The level of automation is very different in the case of different transport modes and most probably the technology will favour road transport over other, less environmentally harmful traffic modes.

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Asian American Dropouts: A Case Study of Vietnamese and Chinese High School Students in a New England Urban School District

10.36650/nexus7.1_83-104_uy ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 83-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Phitsamay Uy

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

New England ◽

Asian American ◽

Dropout Rates ◽

School Students ◽

Study Support ◽

Asian American Student ◽

K 12

In the world of K–12 education, the growing numbers of dropouts are a major concern. This article examines the dropout rates of Chinese and Vietnamese high school students. Using logistic regression analysis, this article examines the influence of ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) on dropout rates. The distinct contribution of this analysis lies within the intraethnic comparisons within the Asian American student population and its use of longitudinal data. The results of the study support existing research that gender and SES are related to dropout rates. Moreover, an interesting interaction between ethnicity and SES exists.

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Effects of Cover Crops and Tillage on Sweet Corn Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.476d ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 476d-476

Author(s):

Gary R. Cline ◽

Anthony F. Silvernail

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Winter Rye ◽

No Tillage ◽

Corn Production ◽

Total N ◽

No Till ◽

Winter Cover ◽

Winter Cover Crops

A split-plot factorial experiment examined effects of tillage and winter cover crops on sweet corn in 1997. Main plots received tillage or no tillage. Cover crops consisted of hairy vetch, winter rye, or a mix, and N treatments consisted of plus or minus N fertilization. Following watermelon not receiving inorganic N, vetch, and mix cover cropsproduced total N yields of ≈90 kg/ha that were more than four times greater than those obtained with rye. However, vetch dry weight yields (2.7 mg/ha) were only about 60% of those obtained in previous years due to winter kill. Following rye winter cover crops, addition of ammonium nitrate to corn greatly increased (P < 0.05) corn yields and foliar N concentrations compared to treatments not receiving N. Following vetch, corn yields obtained in tilled treatments without N fertilization equaled those obtained with N fertilization. However, yields obtained from unfertilized no-till treatments were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than yields of N-fertilized treatments. Available soil N was significantly (P < 0.05) greater following vetch compared to rye after corn planting. No significant effects of tillage on sweet corn plant densities or yields were detected. It was concluded that no-tillage sweet corn was successful, and N fixed by vetch was able to sustain sweet corn production in tilled treatments but not in no-till treatments.In previous years normal, higher-yielding vetch cover crops were able to sustain sweet corn in both tilled and no-till treatments.

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A review of current state and future directions of cotton production in Ethiopia

Cogent Food & Agriculture ◽

10.1080/23311932.2021.1880533 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1880533

Author(s):

Tiliksew Addis ◽

Abera Kachi ◽

Jun Wang

Keyword(s):

Cotton Production ◽

Future Directions ◽

Current State

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Extending Geodemographics Using Data Primitives: A Review and a Methodological Proposal

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi10060386 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 386

Author(s):

Jennie Gray ◽

Lisa Buckner ◽

Alexis Comber

Keyword(s):

Social Dynamics ◽

Feature Space ◽

Social Processes ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Current State ◽

Cluster Label ◽

Static Data ◽

The Social ◽

Using Data

This paper reviews geodemographic classifications and developments in contemporary classifications. It develops a critique of current approaches and identifiea a number of key limitations. These include the problems associated with the geodemographic cluster label (few cluster members are typical or have the same properties as the cluster centre) and the failure of the static label to describe anything about the underlying neighbourhood processes and dynamics. To address these limitations, this paper proposed a data primitives approach. Data primitives are the fundamental dimensions or measurements that capture the processes of interest. They can be used to describe the current state of an area in a multivariate feature space, and states can be compared over multiple time periods for which data are available, through for example a change vector approach. In this way, emergent social processes, which may be too weak to result in a change in a cluster label, but are nonetheless important signals, can be captured. As states are updated (for example, as new data become available), inferences about different social processes can be made, as well as classification updates if required. State changes can also be used to determine neighbourhood trajectories and to predict or infer future states. A list of data primitives was suggested from a review of the mechanisms driving a number of neighbourhood-level social processes, with the aim of improving the wider understanding of the interaction of complex neighbourhood processes and their effects. A small case study was provided to illustrate the approach. In this way, the methods outlined in this paper suggest a more nuanced approach to geodemographic research, away from a focus on classifications and static data, towards approaches that capture the social dynamics experienced by neighbourhoods.

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Olfaction and Aging: A Review of the Current State of Research and Future Directions

i-Perception ◽

10.1177/20416695211020331 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 204166952110203

Author(s):

Jonas K. Olofsson ◽

Ingrid Ekström ◽

Maria Larsson ◽

Steven Nordin

Keyword(s):

Warning Signs ◽

Future Directions ◽

Current State ◽

Challenging Tasks ◽

State Of Research ◽

To Come ◽

Health Cognition ◽

Olfactory Abilities ◽

And Training

Olfaction, the sense of smell, is characterized by a notable age-dependency such that aging individuals are more likely to have poor olfactory abilities. These impairments are considered to be mostly irreversible and as having potentially profound effects on quality of life and food behavior, as well as constituting warning signs of mortality, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. Here, we review the current state of research on aging and olfaction, focusing on five topics which we regard to be of particular relevance for the field: nutrition and health, cognition and dementia, mortality, environment and genetics, and training-based enhancement. Under each of these headlines, we provide a state-of-the-art overview and discuss gaps in our knowledge which might be filled by further research. Understanding how olfactory abilities are diminished in aging, and how they may be alleviated or recovered, involves a set of challenging tasks for researchers in the years to come.

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Current Knowledge and Future Directions for Improving Subsoiling Quality and Reducing Energy Consumption in Conservation Fields

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11070575 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 575

Author(s):

Shangyi Lou ◽

Jin He ◽

Hongwen Li ◽

Qingjie Wang ◽

Caiyun Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

High Energy ◽

Field Application ◽

Research Progress ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

Future Directions ◽

Tillage Depth ◽

And Control

Subsoiling has been acknowledged worldwide to break compacted hardpan, improve soil permeability and water storage capacity, and promote topsoil deepening and root growth. However, there exist certain factors which limit the wide in-field application of subsoiling machines. Of these factors, the main two are poor subsoiling quality and high energy consumption, especially the undesired tillage depth obtained in the field with cover crops. Based on the analysis of global adoption and benefits of subsoiling technology, and application status of subsoiling machines, this article reviewed the research methods, technical characteristics, and developing trends in five key aspects, including subsoiling shovel design, anti-drag technologies, technologies of tillage depth detection and control, and research on soil mechanical interaction. Combined with the research progress and application requirements of subsoiling machines across the globe, current problems and technical difficulties were analyzed and summarized. Aiming to solve these problems, improve subsoiling quality, and reduce energy consumption, this article proposed future directions for the development of subsoiling machines, including optimizing the soil model in computer simulation, strengthening research on the subsoiling mechanism and comprehensive effect, developing new tillage depth monitoring and control systems, and improving wear-resisting properties of subsoiling shovels.

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