scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Research and Its Contributions to the European Union’s Political Governance: Comparative Study between Member States

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
João Reis ◽  
Paula Santo ◽  
Nuno Melão
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Political Decision Making

In the last six decades, many advances have been made in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Bearing in mind that AI technologies are influencing societies and political systems differently, it can be useful to understand what are the common issues between similar states in the European Union and how these political systems can collaborate with each other, seeking synergies, finding opportunities and saving costs. Therefore, we carried out an exploratory research among similar states of the European Union, in terms of scientific research in areas of AI technologies, namely: Portugal, Greece, Austria, Belgium and Sweden. A key finding of this research is that intelligent decision support systems (IDSS) are essential for the political decision-making process, since politics normally deals with complex and multifaceted decisions, which involve trade-offs between different stakeholders. As public health is becoming increasingly relevant in the field of the European Union, the IDSSs can provide relevant contributions, as it may allow sharing critical information and assist in the political decision-making process, especially in response to crisis situations.

scholarly journals Conditional legitimacy: How turnout, majority size, and outcome affect perceptions of legitimacy in European Union membership referendums

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sveinung Arnesen ◽  
Troy S Broderstad ◽  
Mikael P Johannesson ◽  
Jonas Linde
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Decision Making

This conjoint study investigates the type of mandate a referendum confers in the political decision-making process. While a majority of citizens in general believe that the government should follow the results of a referendum on European Union membership, its perceived legitimacy in the eyes of the public heavily depends upon the level of turnout, the size of the majority, and the outcome of the specific referendum in question. Thus, whether a referendum legitimizes a political decision in the eyes of the public is conditional upon these three dimensions.

scholarly journals A survey of methods for evaluating mini-publics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeuchi Ayano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Decision Making

AbstractPublic participation has become increasingly necessary to connect a wide range of knowledge and various values to agenda setting, decision-making and policymaking. In this context, deliberative democratic concepts, especially “mini-publics,” are gaining attention. Generally, mini-publics are conducted with randomly selected lay citizens who provide sufficient information to deliberate on issues and form final recommendations. Evaluations are conducted by practitioner researchers and independent researchers, but the results are not standardized. In this study, a systematic review of existing research regarding practices and outcomes of mini-publics was conducted. To analyze 29 papers, the evaluation methodologies were divided into 4 categories of a matrix between the evaluator and evaluated data. The evaluated cases mainly focused on the following two points: (1) how to maintain deliberation quality, and (2) the feasibility of mini-publics. To create a new path to the political decision-making process through mini-publics, it must be demonstrated that mini-publics can contribute to the decision-making process and good-quality deliberations are of concern to policy-makers and experts. Mini-publics are feasible if they can contribute to the political decision-making process and practitioners can evaluate and understand the advantages of mini-publics for each case. For future research, it is important to combine practical case studies and academic research, because few studies have been evaluated by independent researchers.

scholarly journals BIG DATA IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IN PUBLIC POLICY: FROM ANALYSIS OF THEORIES TO EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRACTICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
S. А. Shmeleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Political Decision Making

This article analyzes the theoretical research base of the last decade on the use of big data in the decision-making process in public administration and describes the methodology proposed by Van der Voort for eval-uating the influence of the two elements on each other. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that there is an extensive study of the use of big data in public administration with an emphasis on potential benefits and threats that conditionally divides researchers into techno-optimists and techno-pessimists. Most studies are empirical in nature, however, they are fragmented and use different approaches to identify the relationships between big data and political decision making. The question arises as to how can we verify or evaluate the relationship between big data and the political decision-making process, taking into account both the dubious reliability of the data used in the process and the interests of decision-makers. The article describes the methodology proposed by Van der Voort for assessing these relationships taking into account the role of ac-tors in the political decision-making process using big data, as well as their interests and values.

scholarly journals Moterų dalyvavimo Lietuvos vietos savivaldoje ir valstybės valdyme geografinė analizė / Geographical Analysis of Lithuanian Women‘s Participation in Local Government and State Governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Milda Radzevičiūtė ◽  
Jurgita Mačiulytė
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Decision Making

This article analyzes the share of Lithuanian women in political decision-making. The article discusses the importance of gender balance in politics, the relevance of the topic, the stereotypes of women politicians prevailing in the society and analyzes the situation of Lithuanian politicians in the general context of the European Union states. This study focuses on the change in the proportion of women in the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania during the last three terms of office (2008–2019 period) and the change in the share of women in Lithuanian municipal councils (period 2011–2019). The survey is based on data from the Lithuanian Central Electoral Commission, the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania and the European Institute for Gender Equality. One of the objectives of the European Union is the balance of gender equality in political power. Lithuania‘s situation on this issue in the European Union is rather moderate. In most of the areas of political decision-making that are important to the state, Lithuania is behind the EU average. Although progress in gender equality is generally observed in Europe, there are no more noticeable changes in Lithuania or improvement in the situation - women remain a critical mass (30 % below the threshold) among the heads of state, parliament and municipal councils. Keywords: gender inequality, women‘s political power, European Union, women in Lithuanian political institutions, women in local government.

scholarly journals Islamic Law in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hifdil Islam
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
State Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Cultural Forces ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Force

Introduction The enforcement of Islamic law in Indonesia has experienced ups and downs along with the political laws imposed by state power. Even behind all that, is rooted in the socio-cultural forces that interact in the political decision-making process. Nevertheless, Islamic law has progressed continuously. both through political infrastructure and political superstructure with the support of the socio-cultural force. Keywords: Islamic Law, Indonesia

scholarly journals Budapest – Brussels: Christmas Truce?

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Lyubov Shishelina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Political Decision Making

The article analyzes the last stage of the confrontation between Budapest and Brussels, which this year marks at least 10 years. this means that out of Hungary’s 16 years of membership in the European Union, 10 years have not been easy – in periodically recurring disputes about its right to independence in political decision-making. The most tragic was the last two-thirds of the way, when the government of permanent FIDESZ leader Viktor Orban came to power in Hungary, having received two-thirds of the votes in parliament, which tried for the first time during the reform period to make comprehensive changes to the country’s fundamental documents. at least twice, the country was on the verge of applying article 7 of the Lisbon treaty, for which it was one of the first to vote in 2009. in 2020, immediately after the re-election of the European parliament, the discussion about Hungary’s inconsistency with the EU’s value area resumed, taking on a tragic framework towards the end of the year, when Hungary, together with Poland, was forced to pay attention to the problem of its certain «otherness» by vetoing the EU’s budget plans.

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