scholarly journals Community-Based Responses to Negative Health Impacts of Sexual Humanitarian Anti-Trafficking Policies and the Criminalization of Sex Work and Migration in the US

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Hoefinger ◽  
Jennifer Musto ◽  
P. G. Macioti ◽  
Anne E. Fehrenbacher ◽  
Nicola Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

System-involvement resulting from anti-trafficking interventions and the criminalization of sex work and migration results in negative health impacts on sex workers, migrants, and people with trafficking experiences. Due to their stigmatized status, sex workers and people with trafficking experiences often struggle to access affordable, unbiased, and supportive health care. This paper will use thematic analysis of qualitative data from in-depth interviews and ethnographic fieldwork with 50 migrant sex workers and trafficked persons, as well as 20 key informants from legal and social services, in New York and Los Angeles. It will highlight the work of trans-specific and sex worker–led initiatives that are internally addressing gaps in health care and the negative health consequences that result from sexual humanitarian anti-trafficking interventions that include policing, arrest, court-involvement, court-mandated social services, incarceration, and immigration detention. Our analysis focuses on the impact of criminalization on sex workers and their experiences with sexual humanitarian efforts intended to protect and control them. We argue that these grassroots community-based efforts are a survival-oriented reaction to the harms of criminalization and a response to vulnerabilities left unattended by mainstream sexual humanitarian approaches to protection and service provision that frame sex work itself as the problem. Peer-to-peer interventions such as these create solidarity and resiliency within marginalized communities, which act as protective buffers against institutionalized systemic violence and the resulting negative health outcomes. Our results suggest that broader public health support and funding for community-led health initiatives are needed to reduce barriers to health care resulting from stigma, criminalization, and ineffective anti-trafficking and humanitarian efforts. We conclude that the decriminalization of sex work and the reform of institutional practices in the US are urgently needed to reduce the overall negative health outcomes of system-involvement.

scholarly journals MEETING SOCIAL NEEDS TO IMPROVE HEALTH OUTCOMES: PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN COMMUNITY-BASED ORGS AND HEALTH CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S499-S500
Author(s):  
Traci L Wilson ◽  
Suzanne R Kunkel ◽  
Jane Straker ◽  
Marisa Scala-Foley ◽  
Elizabeth Blair
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract Unmet social needs negatively affect individual and population health, and better integration of community-based supports and health systems is a promising approach to improve health outcomes and avoid unnecessary health care use. Community-based organizations (CBOs) such as Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) and Centers for Independent Living (CILs), as providers and coordinators of social services, are well-positioned within their communities to coordinate care and provide for unmet social needs. Partnerships between CBOs and health care entities have clear potential to improve health care outcomes while also reducing expenditures. This paper will present a cross-sectional analysis of a national survey of AAAs, CILS, and other CBOs at two time points (2017: n=593; 2018: n=763) to understand the extent, type, and evolution of CBO engagement with health care providers. In addition, longitudinal analysis (n=374) shows movement at the organization level: 33% of organizations who did not have a contract at T1 but were pursuing one had achieved a contract by T2. This presentation will: describe details of the services delivered, contracting arrangements, and populations served under CBO/health care contracts, as well as challenges experienced by CBOs; examine differences by state and organizational structure; and discuss the implications of state policy on integrated care and contracting.

scholarly journals Evidence for the Effectiveness of Health and Social Services Partnerships

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 225-226
Author(s):  
Traci Wilson ◽  
Suzanne Kunkel ◽  
Amanda Brewster ◽  
Jane Straker ◽  
Elizabeth Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Community Based Organizations

Abstract Integration of health and social services is touted as a key method to address social needs and improve population health. We will share the latest evidence on how Area Agency on Aging (AAA) partnerships with health care entities and other organizations improve health outcomes for older adults, while reducing health care costs. AAAs are community leaders in cross-sectoral partnerships that effectively address social determinants of health for older adults, who account for a substantial share of overall health care spending. Results of a longitudinal study (2008 – 2016) which links data from four waves of the National Surveys of AAAs to data on county-level health outcomes show that AAA–health care partnerships and programs reduced health care utilization and costs. AAA partnerships with hospitals reduced Medicare spending by $136 per beneficiary. AAA involvement in evidence-based health promotion programs decreased potentially avoidable nursing home use by nearly one percentage point (representing a change of 6.5%). Finally, we will describe the prevalence and nature of contracting relationships between community-based organizations and health care entities, based on data from the 2020 CBOs and Health Care Contracting Request for Information, the third national RFI of AAAs, Centers for Independent Living, and other aging and disability community-based organizations.

Preventative health screening community events, a mechanism to target minority ethnic populations in improving primary care utilisation to improve health outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp20X711005
Author(s):  
Raza Naqvi ◽  
Octavia Gale
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Minority Ethnic

BackgroundPreventative medicine has become a central focus in primary care provision, with greater emphasis on education and access to health care screening. The Department of Health reports existing health inequalities and inequalities in access within ethnic minority groups. Studies assessing the value of community engagement in primary care have reported variable outcomes in term of subsequent service utilisation.AimTo consider the benefit of community-based health screening checks to improve access and health outcomes in minority ethnic groups.MethodAn open community health screening event (n = 43), to allow targeted screening within an ethnic minority population. Screening included BP, BMI, BM and cholesterol. Results were interpreted by a healthcare professional and counselling was provided regarding relevant risk factors. Post-event feedback was gathered to collate participant opinion and views.ResultsSeventy-nine per cent of participants were from ethnic minority backgrounds: 64% were overweight or obese and 53% of participants were referred to primary care for urgent review following abnormal findings. All those referred would not have accessed healthcare without the event referral. All (100%) participants believed it improved health education and access to health care.ConclusionThis study clearly demonstrates the value of targeted community-led screening and education events in public health promotion. There was a significant benefit in providing community-based screening. There is a need for a longitudinal analysis to determine the impact on health outcomes and long-term access to healthcare provision.

“I’m More Open to Talking About It”: Women’s Experiences With Sexual Abuse and Reproductive Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090507
Author(s):  
Stephanie Meier ◽  
Kristin Brig ◽  
Cara Delay ◽  
Beth Sundstrom ◽  
Laura Schwab-Reese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Health Care Experiences ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Approximately one in three women experience sexual abuse, which can result in negative reproductive health consequences. A history of sexual abuse may negatively impact health care seeking and experience. The purposes of this article were to understand how women perceived their sexual abuse experiences and how these experiences integrated into their overall reproductive health, reproductive planning, and health care access. As part of a larger study about women’s reproductive health, researchers analyzed 16 in-depth interviews with women aged 18 years and older (range = 18–78) living in South Carolina (May–November 2016). A constant comparative method of data analysis was completed to explore women’s sexual abuse experiences as they related to reproductive health and health care experiences. HyperRESEARCH 3.7.3 assisted in data organization and management. Limited bodily agency impacted women’s ability to engage in family planning, particularly when partners utilized sexual coercion to maintain desired relationships and attain desired family size, regardless of women’s preferences. In addition, limited sexual violence and abuse discussion in health care contexts impacted women’s autonomy in reproductive health decision-making despite participants’ desire to engage in these discussions with providers. Participants expressed a desire for communication about their sexual abuse experiences; however, results indicated women had to navigate stigma within families and communities, which deterred disclosure and open discussion. Negative health outcomes and desire to discuss these experiences within the health care context highlighted a need for patient–provider communication about sexual abuse history as one aspect of gynecologic care. Findings from this study offer practical recommendations to guide communication about sexual abuse within reproductive health care experiences to empower women in their reproductive health choices. As these experiences may impact overall health and reproductive choices, provider-initiated conversations with adolescents and women may improve care and assist in prevention efforts, including the prevention of negative health outcomes.

scholarly journals Complexities of Short-Term Mobility for Sex Work and Migration among Sex Workers: Violence and Sexual Risks, Barriers to Care, and Enhanced Social and Economic Opportunities

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shira M. Goldenberg ◽  
Jill Chettiar ◽  
Paul Nguyen ◽  
Sabina Dobrer ◽  
Julio Montaner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Barriers To Care ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sexual Risks ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
And Migration

Experimental Evidence on the Long-Run Impact of Community-Based Monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Björkman Nyqvist ◽  
Damien de Walque ◽  
Jakob Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

We evaluate the longer run impact of a local accountability intervention in primary health care provision in Uganda. Short-run improvements in health care delivery and health outcomes remained in the longer run despite minimal follow-up. We find no impact on the quality of care or health outcomes of a lower cost intervention that focused on encouraging participation but did not provide information on staff performance. We provide suggestive evidence that informed beneficiaries are more likely to identify and challenge (mis)behavior by providers and, as a result, turn their focus to issues that they can manage locally. (JEL H75, I11, I18, O15, O18)

scholarly journals Variation In Health Outcomes: The Role Of Spending On Social Services, Public Health, And Health Care, 2000–09

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth H. Bradley ◽  
Maureen Canavan ◽  
Erika Rogan ◽  
Kristina Talbert-Slagle ◽  
Chima Ndumele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Services

scholarly journals Community-based health care:a different approach to health outcomes

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rae Walker ◽  
Sally Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Community Health Care ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Policy Makers

Health sector organisations are undergoing a period of fundamental change. Oneset of changes is about increasing the capacity of the system to provide integratedclient care. This paper discusses the practices that community health care workershave used to approach some basic issues of service integration. Although thediscussion is about practices in community health, the issues are important for healthcare providers, managers and policy-makers throughout the health care system.

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