scholarly journals Economic Impact of Development Initiatives on Low-Income Households in Kelantan, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Mustapa ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Low Income Households

To improve the socio-economic condition of low-income households, underlying organizations offer a variety of products and services such as access to working capital and training programs. This study examined the impact of access to working capital and training programs on household income and economic vulnerability among participants of AIM, TEKUN, and LKIM in Kelantan, Malaysia. Adopting a cross-sectional design, data were collected randomly from 450 micro-entrepreneurs living in seven districts in Kelantan. The finding revealed that the total amount of economic loan received, length of the programs participation, and number of hours spent on training programs had a positive effect on household income in order to decrease the level of economic vulnerability. The finding provided useful information for policies development that prioritizes poverty eradication among low-income households who were vulnerable to weak economic situation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Economic Vulnerability on the Participation in Development Programs and the Socio-Economic Well-Being of Low-Income Households

Societies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Wan Mustapa ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
Low Income Households

This study intends to examine the effect of economic vulnerability on participation in development initiatives, household income, micro-enterprise income and net worth of micro-enterprise asset among low-income households in the state of Kelantan, Malaysia. Adopting a cross-sectional design, this study collected data from randomly selected 450 micro-entrepreneurs who were being served by three major development organizations in Kelantan, Malaysia. The findings revealed that the level of economic vulnerability among the respondents had a significantly negative effect on the participation of development initiatives, household income, micro-enterprise income and the net worth of microenterprise asset among the low-income Kelantanese households. This study provided insights for a comprehensive policy formulation for rural development as it identified program participation issues and gaps faced by the targeted cohort, which if effectively addressed can lead to an increase in participation in development programs, together with household and micro-enterprise income and assets, among the low-income economically vulnerable households in Kelantan, Malaysia.

Development programs, household income and economic vulnerability

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Mohd Asrul Hery Bin Ibrahim ◽  
Rajennd Muniady ◽  
Mohammad Bin Ismail ◽  
Noorshella Binti Che Nawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the socio-economic condition of low-income households in Malaysia, many products and services are available, including access to working capital and enterprise development training programs. This study examined the impact of access to working capital and micro-enterprise development training programs on household income and economic vulnerability among participants of development initiatives in the eKasih (national poverty data bank) in Peninsular Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a cross-sectional design, the authors collected data randomly from the selected 300 micro-entrepreneurs from the list of development organizations available in the eKasih (national poverty data bank) located in four states of Peninsular Malaysia. Quantitative data were collected through structured interviews with the respondents from October to November 2017. Findings Both the length of participation and total amount of economic loan were found to increase the household income. However, there was no positive and significant impact of total number of training hours on household income. Interestingly, length of participation was found to reduce the level of economic vulnerability, except total amount of economic loan, and total number of training hours. Originality/value Despite the overwhelming empirical evidence, the findings indicated that the impact of enterprise development training programs was inconclusive. The effect of total amount of loan on economic vulnerability was also inconclusive. Hence, both policy makers and development organizations should understand how their programs benefit the poor households that can be improved through new implementation strategies.

scholarly journals Affordability of Heathy, Equitable and More Sustainable Diets in Low-Income Households in Brisbane before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4386
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Lee ◽  
Dori Patay ◽  
Lisa-Maree Herron ◽  
Ru Chyi Tan ◽  
Evelyn Nicoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Sustainable Diets ◽  
Cost Differential ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Income Households

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased food insecurity worldwide, yet there has been limited assessment of shifts in the cost and affordability of healthy, equitable and sustainable diets. This study explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and income supplements provided by the Australian government on diet cost and affordability for low-income households in an Australian urban area. The Healthy Diets ASAP method protocol was applied to assess the cost and cost differential of current and recommended diets before (in 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (late 2020) for households with a minimum-wage and welfare-only disposable household income, by area of socioeconomic disadvantage, in Greater Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Data were collected between August and October, 2020, from 78 food outlets and compared with data collected in the same locations between May and October, 2019, in an earlier study. The price of most healthy food groups increased significantly during the pandemic—with the exception of vegetables and legumes, which decreased. Conversely, the price of discretionary foods and drinks did not increase during the pandemic. The cost of the current and recommended diets significantly increased throughout this period, but the latter continued to be less expensive than the former. Due to income supplements provided between May and September 2020, the affordability of the recommended diet improved greatly, by 27% and 42%, for households with minimum-wage and welfare-only disposable household income, respectively. This improvement in the affordability of the recommended diet highlights the need to permanently increase welfare support for low-income families to ensure food security.

scholarly journals The moderating effect of coworkers’ training participation on the influence of peer support in the transfer process

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janos Salamon ◽  
Brian D. Blume ◽  
Gábor Orosz ◽  
Tamás Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Peer Support ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Training Transfer ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motivation To Transfer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Purpose The impact of the number of coworkers participating in training on transfer outcomes has largely been overlooked. This paper aims to examine whether the number of coworkers participating in training interacts with peer support (PS) to influence training motivation and transfer. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a cross-sectional survey from a sample of 688 employees working in 14 midsize and large companies. All participants were recent trainees in various open skill (e.g. leadership) training programs. Moderated mediation was used to test the hypotheses. Findings Motivation to transfer (MTT) mediated the relationship between PS and perceived training transfer. When more coworkers participated in the training, PS had a stronger influence on trainee MTT. Practical implications Organizations should consider training coworker cohorts at the same time to influence MTT and training transfer. Generally, whole-team training programs could be used to boost training transfer outcomes, although it could potentially have a negative impact on transfer if PS is low. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this was the first study to demonstrate that the number of coworkers participating in training can moderate the effect of PS on MTT and training transfer.

scholarly journals Development Initiatives, Micro-Enterprise Performance and Sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Mustapa ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
Low Income Households

Towards improving the socio-economic condition of low-income households, development organizations offer a repertoire of initiatives. This study focused on the impacts of access to working capital and enterprise development training programs, on the performance and sustainability of micro-enterprises owned and managed by low-income households, in the state of Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia. The data of 450 micro-entrepreneurs, was randomly selected from the participants’ list of three development organizations servicing Kelantan: Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM); National Entrepreneurs Economic Group Fund (TEKUN); and Malaysia Fisheries Development Board (LKIM). This study revealed several participation indicators (i.e., years of participation, total number of trainings, total number of training hours received, and number of center meetings or discussions attended, etc.), which have a positive effect on micro-enterprise performance and sustainability. However, the findings were inconclusive as one of the key participation indicators, ‘total amount of economic loans received’, showed a negative (not statistically significant) effect on micro-enterprise performance and sustainability. This study expanded the limited literature on micro-enterprise performance and sustainability, and the role of working capital and enterprise development training programs; thus providing a clearer understanding of the effectiveness of current development initiatives.

scholarly journals Micro-enterprise development training and entrepreneurial competencies among low-income households in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Rajennd Muniady ◽  
Syed Ali Fazal ◽  
C.A. Malarvizhi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Entrepreneurial Competencies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Income Households

Purpose Low-income households form a significant portion of the Malaysian population. To improve the socio-economic condition of low-income households, development organizations in Malaysia offer a wide range of development trainings, discussions and group or center meetings. This study aims to examine the impact of enterprise development training programs on entrepreneurial competencies among Peninsular Malaysia microentrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a cross-sectional design, the authors collected data from 300 randomly selected microentrepreneurs from the list of microentrepreneurs provided by eKasih (the National Poverty Data Bank), across four states of Peninsular Malaysia. Quantitative data were collected through structured interviews with the respondents from October to November 2017. Findings The findings revealed that enterprise development training programs significantly affected three of six entrepreneurial competencies (i.e. opportunity recognition competency, organizing competency and relationship competency). These findings highlight the importance of enterprise development training programs towards microentrepreneurs in increasing their competencies. Originality/value Through its insights, the study enriches the understanding of low-income communities in emerging economies, while offering significant practical implications. Based on findings, it is recommended that development organizations should therefore continue the current microenterprise development training programs. With improved entrepreneurial competencies, microentrepreneurs can thrive amidst competition yet sustaining business performance.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on training and mental health of residents: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Alshdaifat ◽  
Amer Sindiani ◽  
Wasim Khasawneh ◽  
Omar Abu-Azzam ◽  
Aref Qarqash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Residents ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Residency programs have been impacted by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study we aim to investigate and evaluate the impact of the pandemic on residents as well as residency training programs. Methods This was a cross-sectional study including a survey of 43 questions prepared on Google forms and electronically distributed among a convenience sample of residents training at a tertiary center in North Jordan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in the period between October 30th and November 8th of 2020. The survey included questions that addressed the impact of the pandemic on residents’ health as well as training programs. The study participants included residents in training at KAUH in 2020 and were stratified according to the type of residency program (surgical residents (SRs) and non-surgical residents (NSRs)). Statistical methods included descriptive analysis, Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, Mann Whitney U test, and Cramer’s V and r statistics as measures of effect sizes. Results Of all 430 residents, 255 (59%) responded to the survey. A total of 17 (7%) of residents reported being infected with COVID-19 and a significant difference was reported between SRs and NSRs (10% vs 4%, V = .124 “small effect” (95% CI; .017–.229), p = 0.048). Approximately, 106 (42%) reported a decrease in the number of staff working at the clinic and 164 (64%) reported limited access to personal protective equipment during the pandemic. On a 4-point Likert scale for the feeling of anxiety, the median was 2 (2–3 IQR) in the NSRs group, vs 2 (1–2 IQR) in the SRs groups, with the NSRs being more likely to feel anxious (r = 0.13 “small effect” (95% CI; 0.007–0.249), p = .044). Similarly, the proportion of residents who reported feeling anxious about an inadequacy of protective equipment in the work area was significantly greater in the NSRs group (90.3% vs 75.2%; V = .201 “small effect” (95% CI; .078–.313), p = .001), as well as the proportion of residents who reported feeling increased stress and anxiety between colleagues being also significantly higher in the NSRs group (88.1% vs 76%; V = .158 “small effect” (95% CI; .032–.279), p = .012). Conclusion The burden of the ongoing pandemic on the mental health status of residents is very alarming and so providing residents with psychological counseling and support is needed. Also, critical implications on the flow of residency training programs have been noticed. This necessitates adapting and adopting smart educational techniques to compensate for such limitations.

scholarly journals Impact of dementia education and training on health and social care staff knowledge, attitudes and confidence: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e039939
Author(s):  
Sahdia Parveen ◽  
Sarah Jane Smith ◽  
Cara Sass ◽  
Jan R Oyebode ◽  
Andrea Capstick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Training Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Dementia Education

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish the impact of dementia education and training on the knowledge, attitudes and confidence of health and social care staff. The study also aimed to identify the most effective features (content and pedagogical) of dementia education and training.DesignCross-sectional survey study. Data collection occurred in 2017.SettingsHealth and social care staff in the UK including acute care, mental health community care trusts, primary care and care homes.ParticipantsAll health and social care staff who had completed dementia education and training meeting the minimal standards as set by Health Education England, within the past 5 years were invited to participate in an online survey. A total of 668 health and social care staff provided informed consent and completed an online survey, and responses from 553 participants were included in this study. The majority of the respondents were of white British ethnicity (94.4%) and identified as women (88.4%).OutcomesKnowledge, attitude and confidence of health and social care staff.ResultsHierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted. Staff characteristics, education and training content variables and pedagogical factors were found to account for 29% of variance in staff confidence (F=4.13, p<0.001), 22% of variance in attitude (knowledge) (F=3.80, p<001), 18% of the variance in staff knowledge (F=2.77, p<0.01) and 14% of variance in staff comfort (attitude) (F=2.11, p<0.01).ConclusionThe results suggest that dementia education and training has limited impact on health and social care staff learning outcomes. While training content variables were important when attempting to improve staff knowledge, more consideration should be given to pedagogical factors when training is aiming to improve staff attitude and confidence.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Low Income Households in the Philippines

10.1596/35260 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoonyoung Cho ◽  
Jorge Avalos ◽  
Yasuhiro Kawasoe ◽  
Douglas Johnson ◽  
Ruth Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Income Households
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