scholarly journals How Gender Is Recognised in Economic and Education Policy Programmes and Initiatives: An Analysis of Nigerian State Policy Discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Ethel Ewoh-Odoyi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Policy Documents

Many African states are involved in the frontline discourse on the fight for gender equality through the adoption of public policies, aiming to improve the lives of women through social, economic, and political development. In Nigeria, despite the adoption of Article 42 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 adapted from the United Nations principles of gender equality, which provides for equality and elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, the Nigerian state still struggles with different forms of gendered marginalisation issues against women in various aspects of Nigerian society; these issues are mainly due to cultural, economic, and legislative challenges. Therefore, this article explores how gender is recognized through public policy programmes and initiatives using a qualitative content analysis of relevant policy documents. The documents were collected from various government ministries and cover policy areas that represent entrepreneurship and economic activities in Nigeria between 2000 and 2020. The analysis confirms the recognition of gender in public policies by subjective bias and mediating access to education for female gender advancement in Nigerian society. Some gender gaps were also recognized and discussed in the article.

Women's Economic Empowerment in the Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
pp. 1159-1174
Author(s):  
Ummu Atiyah Ahmad Zakuan ◽  
Kalthum Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Established Fact

It is an established fact that women's empowerment is primary to the socio-economic and political development of a nation. It will be meaningless, if women that constitute half of the population of the globe do not have access to education, healthcare, employment and political decision making bodies. A nation benefits fully when both men and women contribute rigorously in social cohesion, economic growth, peace and prosperity. Findings from countries and reputable institutions such as World Bank and the United Nations revealed that greater gender equality correlates positively with national economic growth. The World Economic Forum recently reported that across the 135 countries examined, greater gender equality correlates positively with per capita gross national product. Countries with greater equality between women and men have economies that are more competitive and fast growing. Hence, removing barriers on empowering women stimulates economic development. This chapter commences with the meaning of women empowerment followed by the identification of various barriers on women empowerment, and investigation on women economic empowerment in the developing countries. The patriarchal system is also introduced to explain how it influences women empowerment. Finally, this chapter argues that women empowerment in general can only be achieved if the patriarchal system is transformed or reengineered to foster more equality between both groups.

Women's Economic Empowerment in the Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
pp. 242-256
Author(s):  
Ummu Atiyah Ahmad Zakuan ◽  
Kalthum Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Established Fact

It is an established fact that women's empowerment is primary to the socio-economic and political development of a nation. It will be meaningless, if women that constitute half of the population of the globe do not have access to education, healthcare, employment and political decision making bodies. A nation benefits fully when both men and women contribute rigorously in social cohesion, economic growth, peace and prosperity. Findings from countries and reputable institutions such as World Bank and the United Nations revealed that greater gender equality correlates positively with national economic growth. The World Economic Forum recently reported that across the 135 countries examined, greater gender equality correlates positively with per capita gross national product. Countries with greater equality between women and men have economies that are more competitive and fast growing. Hence, removing barriers on empowering women stimulates economic development. This chapter commences with the meaning of women empowerment followed by the identification of various barriers on women empowerment, and investigation on women economic empowerment in the developing countries. The patriarchal system is also introduced to explain how it influences women empowerment. Finally, this chapter argues that women empowerment in general can only be achieved if the patriarchal system is transformed or reengineered to foster more equality between both groups.

scholarly journals Women in the Labor Force

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Fruttero ◽  
Daniel Gurara ◽  
Lisa Kolovich ◽  
Vivian Malta ◽  
Marina Mendes Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Gender

Despite the increase in female labor force participation over the past three decades, women still do not have the same opportunities as men to participate in economic activities in most countries. The average female labor force participation rate across countries is still 20 percentage points lower than the male rate, and gender gaps in wages and access to education persist. As shown by earlier work, including by the IMF, greater gender equality boosts economic growth and leads to better development and social outcomes. Gender equality is also one of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals that 193 countries committed to achieve by 2030.

Women's Economic Empowerment in the Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 337-352
Author(s):  
Ummu Atiyah Ahmad Zakuan ◽  
Kalthum Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Established Fact

It is an established fact that women's empowerment is primary to the socio-economic and political development of a nation. It will be meaningless, if women that constitute half of the population of the globe do not have access to education, healthcare, employment and political decision making bodies. A nation benefits fully when both men and women contribute rigorously in social cohesion, economic growth, peace and prosperity. Findings from countries and reputable institutions such as World Bank and the United Nations revealed that greater gender equality correlates positively with national economic growth. The World Economic Forum recently reported that across the 135 countries examined, greater gender equality correlates positively with per capita gross national product. Countries with greater equality between women and men have economies that are more competitive and fast growing. Hence, removing barriers on empowering women stimulates economic development. This chapter commences with the meaning of women empowerment followed by the identification of various barriers on women empowerment, and investigation on women economic empowerment in the developing countries. The patriarchal system is also introduced to explain how it influences women empowerment. Finally, this chapter argues that women empowerment in general can only be achieved if the patriarchal system is transformed or reengineered to foster more equality between both groups.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perspektif Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Kebangkitan Ekonomi Lokal: Industri Tempe Sagu di Dusun Mrisi-Yogyakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeiati Nur Kusumaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Cultural Challenges ◽  
Low Educated

AbstrakKosmopolitanisme Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) menempatkan isu kesetaraan gender menjadi penting bagi studi politik-ekonomi pembangunan internasional. PBB melalui UNDP dan UN Woman menekankan peran perempuan tidak hanya sebagai subjek pembangunan daerah. Perempuan memiliki hak dan kesempatan yang sama dengan kaum pria untuk memaksimalkan potensinya dalam pembangunan dan terlibat secara aktif untuk merencanakan masa depannya. Tulisan ini mengamati berkembangnya UKM Kripik Tempe Sagu di Dusun Mrisi, Bantul, DIY yang memberi makna bagi pengembangan ekonomi pedesaan. Usaha ini didirikan pada tahun 2012 dan mampu meraih omzet 50-60 juta per bulan dengan mempekerjakan hanya 3 laki-laki dan 6 perempuan. Tulisan menggambarkan bagaimana potensi komunitas perempuan berpendidikan rendah mampu ditransformasikan sebagai penggerak roda perekonomian pedesaan. Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemilik UKM yang merupakan individu bependidikan tinggi mengadopsi perspektif pemberdayaan perempuan yang dimaknai sebagai kebermanfaatan bagi sesama dan inovasi berkelanjutan demi pembangunan desa. Dengan mengembangkan potensi ibu-ibu rumah tangga, UKM ini tidak hanya mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan bagi pemilik dan pekerja tapi juga menjadi sentra pendidikan, studi banding bagi UKM lain di Indonesia, representasi pembinaan dari Dinas Koperasi dan Pemberdayaan UKM Kab. Bantul, dan aktif mengikuti pameran-pameran UKM seperti Bantul Expo. Tantangan normatif-kultural di mana istri pada umumnya tidak bekerja dan merawat anak dapat diatasi dengan membangun jam kerja yang ramah keluarga serta komunikasi yang efektif dengan masyarakat sekitar.Kata-kata Kunci: ekonomi pedesaaan, kesetaraan gender, pemberdayaan perempuanAbstractCosmopolitanism Human Rights put the issue of gender equality to be important for the study of global political development. United Nations through UNDP and UN Women stressed the role of women as a subject of regional development. Women have the same rights and opportunities as men to maximize their potential in development and actively involved to plan its future. This article looks at the development of SMEs named Kripik Tempe Sagu at Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta which gives meaning to the development of the rural economy. This business was founded in 2012 and is able to achieve a turnover of 50-60 million per month by employing only 3 males and 6 females. This paper illustrate how the potential community of low-educated women were able to be transformed as the driving wheel of the rural economy. It is a qualitative research by descriptive method of analysis. The data and information obtained from observation, interview and literature study. The results explained that SME owner is an individual that has high decree of education background so that, she adopted the perspective of women's empowerment is understood as how she share knowledge and benefits for others and bring sustainability innovation for the sake of rural development improvement. By improving the potential of women households, the SMEs economic activities are not only able to improve the welfare of the owners and workers but also become a center of education, study visits for other SMEs in Indonesia. Normative-cultural challenges where wives generally do not work and care for children can be overcome by building a family-friendly working hours and effective communication with the surrounding community.Keywords: rural economy, gender equality, women's empowerment

Women's Economic Empowerment in the Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Ummu Atiyah Ahmad Zakuan ◽  
Kalthum Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Established Fact

It is an established fact that women's empowerment is primary to the socio-economic and political development of a nation. It will be meaningless, if women that constitute half of the population of the globe do not have access to education, healthcare, employment and political decision making bodies. A nation benefits fully when both men and women contribute rigorously in social cohesion, economic growth, peace and prosperity. Findings from countries and reputable institutions such as World Bank and the United Nations revealed that greater gender equality correlates positively with national economic growth. The World Economic Forum recently reported that across the 135 countries examined, greater gender equality correlates positively with per capita gross national product. Countries with greater equality between women and men have economies that are more competitive and fast growing. Hence, removing barriers on empowering women stimulates economic development. This chapter commences with the meaning of women empowerment followed by the identification of various barriers on women empowerment, and investigation on women economic empowerment in the developing countries. The patriarchal system is also introduced to explain how it influences women empowerment. Finally, this chapter argues that women empowerment in general can only be achieved if the patriarchal system is transformed or reengineered to foster more equality between both groups.

Lecturas posibles sobre la construcción del actor económico

2017 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nicolás Gómez Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Ideas

En tres breves capítulos, el artículo pone a disposición las ideas básicas que cruzan la reflexión sobre las actividades económicas que las personas realizan en condiciones de pobreza, destacándose la preocupación sobre si estos desempeños pueden constituirse en alternativas de crecimiento económico a nivel local o si ellas son actores que inciden en las políticas públicas que organizan los supuestos del desarrollo.Palabras clave Actividades Económicas Autogestionadas / Autonomía / Capacitación / Desarrollo Endógeno.Abstract:In three brief chapters, the article displays the basic ideas that intersect the reflection on the economic activities that people perform in conditions of poverty, standing out the concern whether these performances can constitute in alternatives of economic growth at the local level or whether they are activities that affect the public policies which organize the theories of development.Key words Self-managed economic activities / Autonomy / Training / Endogenous Development

The Political Economy of Collective Action, Inequality, and Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
High Standards

Why do some societies achieve high standards of living, relatively broad access to education and quality health care, serviceable infrastructure, predictable and largely impersonal legal procedures, and relatively accessible avenues to peaceful political expression, while others stagnate with guarded islands of extravagant wealth, surrounded by oceans of poverty, corrupt autocratic systems, and simmering conflicts—or even full-blown civil wars? Why, did South Korea, a dictatorship that faced devastating war from 1950-1954, and whose 1960 GDP per capita was half that of Mexico and twice that of India, have, by 2015, a per capita GDP that exceeded Mexico’s by a factor of three and India’s by a factor of 17—in addition to a largely peaceful transition to democracy? How might a society, trapped in stagnation, corruption, and repression, initiate and sustain processes of economic and political development?

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of Historic Garden Management and Its Economic Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10679
Author(s):  
Cassandra Funsten ◽  
Valeria Borsellino ◽  
Emanuele Schimmenti
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
The People ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Recent Policy

Historic gardens are important parts of humanity’s built heritage within the designed landscape, providing many environmental, economic and socio-cultural benefits. Management is a key part of their conservation, perhaps the most difficult because it is costly, must be continual, and requires a skilled workforce. This systematic review looks at the literature addressing historic garden management, with special attention regarding the social, economic and environmental aspects of sustainability. Academic studies on this subject come from many different disciplines, making it both stimulating and fragmented. It is now time to consolidate these interdisciplinary efforts into a clear vision, including a framework of key themes and research methods so as to better coordinate efforts and make the information and innovation generated more accessible to the garden managers “in the trenches”. With this aim, reviewed studies are classified according to 10 criteria: supply or demand orientation; management phase involved; primary sustainability processes addressed; geographic criteria; number of sites covered; policy documents referred to; kind of data collected; study methods employed; possibility of bias specifically regarding historic gardens; garden use. An analysis of these criteria shows that historic garden management literature focuses on describing the gardens themselves, with few studies interested in the people supporting them. Future research should follow recent policy documents’ lead and pay more attention to community value and involvement.

Narrative Identities and the Egalitarian Norm Among Hungarian Elite Couples

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 2107-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadett Csurgó ◽  
Luca Kristóf
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Cultural Elite ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Political Economic

Our article aims to study the attitudes of the elite to family life and gender equality. This is a social group who still experiences significant gender imbalances. We focus on attitudes to family life, which has thus far been underresearched in elite literature. With the help of the analysis of 34 individual interviews with members of the Hungarian political, economic, and cultural elite, we identify and present three types of narrative identities: dominant, deferential, and egalitarian. The main finding from our qualitative content analysis is that egalitarian partnership norms which were discussed in every narrative and gender equality appear in most cases as a norm among the elite. However, there is a narrative tension between this norm and the couples’ actual experiences of their family life. We conclude our article with some comments on how the ideology of egalitarian essentialism strengthens gender inequalities reinforcing the underrepresentation of women in elite positions.

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