scholarly journals Brothels as Sites of Third-Party Exploitation? Decriminalisation and Sex Workers’ Employment Rights

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Gillian Abel ◽  
Melissa Ludeke
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Independent Contractors ◽  
Employment Rights ◽  
Pricing Of Services

Decriminalisation is arguably essential to protecting the human rights of sex workers. Nonetheless, there are suggestions that decriminalisation has less influence on sex workers’ experiences of working than many assume. This paper explores management practices in brothels in the context of decriminalisation in New Zealand, focusing on sex workers’ employment status, managerial control and agency. We interviewed 14 brothel operators and 17 brothel-based sex workers in this study. The findings suggest that there remain challenges for sex workers in that brothel operators treated them as employees rather than independent contractors. Brothel operators retained control over shift times and pricing of services, and working conditions were unclear. Most sex workers understood their rights, but when operators impinged on their rights, it was often more expedient to move place of work than make an official complaint. However, decriminalisation did have a meaningful impact on the way sex workers negotiated potentially exploitative dimensions of brothel-based work. Decriminalisation has provided the context where it is possible for sex workers to experience safer and more supportive work environments than they otherwise might, where they can (and sometimes do) contest managerial control.

Posttrauma Employability of People With Symptoms of PTSD and the Contribution of Work Environments

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda R. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
Job Tasks ◽  
Work Support ◽  
Physical Dysfunction ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity

AbstractThe role of work environments in employability was examined at approximately 8 months postaccident in a sample of 69 trauma-exposed, injured adults with and without PTSD. Results showed that participants with PTSD reported significantly lower employability than those without PTSD and this translated into significantly poorer return-to-work rates. Two work environment dimensions, low work support and poor organisational structure, were significantly associated with low employability in the sample. Low levels of work support were significantly related to high PTSD symptom severity. A combination of 3 variables, PTSD symptom severity, physical functioning, and workplace organisational structure, accounted for 60% of variation in employability. Interventions in the workplace should aim to minimise and accommodate PTSD symptomatology and physical dysfunction. In addition, this study has also shown that workplace-based interventions should be aimed at clarifying expectations about job tasks, and promoting moderate managerial control in the workplace. These factors should be considered for inclusion as standard disability management practices for this population.

An Investigation of Credit Risk Management Strategies of Private Commercial Banks of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Abu Hanifa Md. Noman ◽  
Md. Amzad Hossain ◽  
Sajeda Pervin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Credit Risk Management ◽  
Risk Management Strategies

Objective - The study aims to investigate credit risk management practices and credit risk management strategies of the local private commercial banks in Bangladesh. Methodology -The investigation is conducted based on primary data collected from a set of both closed end and open end questionnaire from 23 out of 39 local private commercial banks in Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics has been used in processing the data and interpreting the results. Findings - The results reveal that credit risk management practice of the sample banks is sound which is attributed to the appropriate implementation of Basel II and credit risk management guidelines the country's central bank. The findings further show that use of Credit risk grading is most popular and effective criteria for measuring the borrowing capacity of the borrowers. In order to control credit risk and preventing losses from credit exposure banks give more focus on collateralization, accurate loan pricing and third party guarantee. Loan is monitored properly and credit reminder is given to the client if principal and interest remain outstanding for three months. The study further reveals that lack of experienced and trained credit officers, lack of genuine market information and Lack of awareness regarding non-genuine borrower are the most important problems of current credit risk management practices in Bangladesh. Novelty - To the best of the knowledge of the authors the study is the first that investigates credit risk management strategies of private commercial banks, especially on Bangladesh. Type of Paper - Empirical Keyword : Bangladesh; Commercial Bank; Credit risk; Credit risk management; Credit risk management strategies.

scholarly journals Precarious or Protected? Evaluating Work Quality in the Legal Sex Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Orchiston
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sex Industry ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Industry Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Model ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Legal Sex

Decriminalising (or legalising) sex work is argued to improve sex workers’ safety and provide access to labour rights. However, there is a paucity of empirical research comparing how different regulatory approaches affect working conditions in the sex industry, especially in relation to venues that are managed by third parties. This article uses a mixed methods study of the Australian legal brothel sector to critically explore the relationship between external regulation and working conditions. Two dominant models of sex industry regulation are compared: decriminalisation and licensing. First, the article documents workplace practices in the Australian legal brothel sector, examining sex workers’ agency, autonomy and control over the labour process. Second, it analyses the capacity of each regulatory model to protect sex workers from unsafe and unfair working conditions. On the basis of these findings, the article concludes that brothel-based sex work is precarious and substantively excluded from the protective mantle of labour law, notwithstanding its legality. It is argued that the key determinant of conditions in the legal brothel sector is the extent to which the state enforces formal labour protections, as distinct from the underlying regulatory model adopted.

scholarly journals Estimating the cost and effectiveness of different STI management strategies for sex workers in Madagascar

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Medical Visits ◽  
Syndromic Approach ◽  
The Cost

In Madagascar, the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a serious public health problem, particularly among sex workers. A Horizons study conducted in 2000 found approximately two-thirds of female sex workers had an STI, although few were infected with HIV. Since the link between STIs and transmission of HIV has been well established, affordable strategies to manage STIs among sex workers need to be developed. Study investigators also assessed STI management practices in health facilities in two urban areas of Madagascar. Health practitioners were using a syndromic approach, which may be appropriate for managing certain STIs in the general population but is less appropriate for sex workers who may have multiple, often asymptomatic infections. Diagnosing STIs with laboratory tests would make medical visits prohibitively expensive. Researchers developed a risk profile for various STIs based on characteristics of women that present with each STI, such as age, number of partners, symptoms. The investigators hypothesized that a risk assessment tool using these profiles would result in more appropriate and effective STI treatment for sex workers. This summary presents a cost-effectiveness analysis of different strategies to manage STIs among sex workers in Madagascar.

Grade Banding: The Model for Future Salary Programs?

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard H. Risher ◽  
Brigitte W. Schay
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
World War ◽  
Banded Structure ◽  
Salary Management ◽  
Private And Public

Grade-banding represents a break from the conventional salary management practices that have prevailed since World War n. Interest in this innovative compensation practice is rising in both the private and public sectors and has been prompted in part by a paradigm shift toward greater flexibility, flatter organizations, and increased managerial control of and accountability for traditional human resource functions. Grade-banding has been tested in the federal government since 1980 and has more recently been adopted in the private sector. This article reviews the experience with banding and discusses the implications of shifting to a banded structure.

The Unbearable Precarity of Pursuing Freedom: A Critical Overview of the Spanish sí soy autónomo Movement

2021 ◽  
pp. 136078042110400
Author(s):  
Tiago Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Labour Legislation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
Critical Overview

Throughout 2020, the Spanish Government initiated the process of regulating all activities related to platform work with the purpose of ‘chasing the fraud of bogus self-employment’ (PSOE and Unidas Podemos, 2020). Somewhat surprisingly, this initiative was met by a substantial wave of protest from the workers who the government proclaimed to be attempting to protect. In this light, the present research explores the arguments of the Spanish sí soy autónomo (yes I am self-employed) movement in its struggle against the Spanish Government. Drawing from a critical discourse analysis of semi-structured interviews to couriers of Uber Eats, Deliveroo and Glovo, as well as to a representative of an association in favour of the preservation of the self-employed status (N = 20), the main finding is that the pursuit of self-employment status is primarily informed by workers’ attempt to escape the precarious working conditions offered to wage-earners in the Spanish labour market as a whole, rather than by an empirically grounded claim. This suggests that new labour legislation addressing the challenges posed by platform work must not overlook the broader context in which it is intended to unfold – otherwise, it may not only fail to improve the workers’ situation, but also drive them to demand what are, actually, further deregulated legal arrangements. As such, this article’s main contribution to the sociological knowledge consists of pointing out that platform work, specificities notwithstanding, cannot be seen as detached from the broader Work landscape.

Security Model for Mobile Cloud Database as a Service (DBaaS)

2019 ◽  
pp. 760-769
Author(s):  
Kashif Munir
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Mobile Cloud ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Service Model ◽  
Cloud Database ◽  
Database As A Service ◽  
Access To Data

There's a big change happening in the world of databases. The industry is buzzing about Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS), a cloud offering that allows companies to rent access to these managed digital data warehouses. Database-as-a-service (DBaaS) is a cloud computing service model that provides users with some form of access to a database without the need for setting up physical hardware, installing software or configuring for performance. Since consumers host data on the Mobile Cloud, DBaaS providers should be able to guarantee data owners that their data would be protected from all potential security threats. Protecting application data for large-scale web and mobile apps can be complex; especially with distributed and NoSQL databases. Data centers are no longer confined to the enterprise perimeter. More and more enterprises take their data to the Mobile Cloud, but forget to adjust their security management practices when doing so. Unauthorized access to data resources, misuse of data stored on third party platform, data confidentiality, integrity and availability are some of the major security challenges that ail this nascent Cloud service model, which hinders the wide-scale adoption of DBaaS. In this chapter, I propose a security model for Mobile Cloud Database as a Service (DBaaS). A user can change his/her password, whenever demanded. Furthermore, security analysis realizes the feasibility of the proposed model for DBaaS and achieves efficiency. This will help Cloud community to get an insight into state-of-the-art progress in terms of secure strategies, their deficiencies and possible future directions.

The universality and effectiveness of labour law

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-338
Author(s):  
Keith D Ewing ◽  
John Hendy QC ◽  
Carolyn Jones
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Short Article ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
Employment Rights

This short article considers the Workers (Definition and Rights) Bill drafted by the Institute of Employment Rights as a possible solution to the intractable problem of employment status in the United Kingdom, to which Countouris and De Stefano refer. It does so in the context of ILO principles of ‘universality’ and ‘effectiveness’ of labour law, and three important ILO Declarations.

Evaluation of Strategic Opportunities and Resulting Business Models for SMEs

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabella V. Lokshina ◽  
Cees J. M. Lanting ◽  
Barbara Durkin
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Ubiquitous Sensing ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
And Control

This chapter focuses on ubiquitous sensing devices, enabled by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies, that cut across every area of modern day living, affecting individuals and businesses and offering the ability to measure and understand environmental indicators. The proliferation of these devices in a communicating-actuating network creates the internet of things (IoT). The IoT provides the tools to establish a major global data-driven ecosystem with its emphasis on Big Data. Currently, business models may focus on the provision of services, i.e., the internet of services (IoS). These models assume the presence and development of the necessary IoT measurement and control instruments, communications infrastructure, and easy access to the data collected and information generated. Different business models may support creating revenue and value for different types of customers. This chapter contributes to the literature by considering, innovatively, knowledge-based management practices, strategic opportunities and resulting business models for third-party data analysis services.

Analyzing the Effectiveness of Prevention Measures for Third-Party Damage to Underground Pipelines Using a Hierarchical Fault Tree Model

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongliang Lu ◽  
Mark Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Underground Pipelines ◽  
Damage Prevention

This paper presents a hierarchical fault tree model for analyzing the effectiveness of measures for the prevention of third-party mechanical damage to underground pipelines. The model consists of a high level failure model that provides an overall indication of the effectiveness of a damage prevention program; and lower level fault tree models that detail the effectiveness of individual damage prevention measures. The model developed in this paper is consistent with current damage prevention and data collection practices, and it presents information in a simple and intuitive format that facilitates analysis and interpretation. The hierarchical fault tree approach developed in this paper is shown to be a useful tool for evaluating the effectiveness of various measures to prevent third-party damage and for identifying weak links in current damage management practices. It can also serve to inform the development of new damage prevention techniques and to identify information priorities relevant for future data collection and interpretation efforts aimed at reducing the frequency of third-party damage events.

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