scholarly journals Adherence to Urban Agriculture in Order to Reach Sustainable Cities; a BWM–WASPAS Approach

Smart Cities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Kolagar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Urban Greenery ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
Product Assessment

Today, the uncontrolled urban expansion and ever-increasing rise of construction have caused the need for food, urban greenery, and a healthy environment to be felt more than any other time. On the other hand, population growth and the reduced production of agricultural products and food have jeopardized food security in urban areas, which will endanger the sustainable development of cities. However, the main problem, in which many societies are involved, is how to respond to these needs in a sustainable way. One of the ways of responding to these dilemmas in large cities is the purposeful implementation of urban agriculture. Urban agriculture development, as an important issue, requires the adoption of fundamental and logical policies. In this regard, this research was conducted to evaluate the extent of adherence to urban agriculture in Iran’s eight densely populated cities using a new combined approach of the best–worst method (BWM) and weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS). The results indicated that urban agriculture still has a long way to go and should be considered more seriously. Moreover, vertical farming has been suggested as one of the ways of promoting urban agriculture in the country and smoothing the way to sustainable development.

scholarly journals Urban agriculture as a keystone contribution towards securing sustainable and healthy development for cities in the future

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. G. Skar ◽  
R. Pineda-Martos ◽  
A. Timpe ◽  
B. Pölling ◽  
K. Bohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
Integrated Agriculture ◽  
Water Waste

Abstract Research and practice during the last 20 years has shown that urban agriculture can contribute to minimising the effects of climate change by, at the same time, improving quality of life in urban areas. In order to do so most effectively, land use and spatial planning are crucial so as to obtain and maintain a supportive green infrastructure and to secure citizens' healthy living conditions. As people today trend more towards living in green and sustainable city centres that can offer fresh and locally produced food, cities become again places for growing food. The scope of urban agriculture thereby is to establish food production sites within the city's sphere; for example, through building-integrated agriculture including concepts such as aquaponics, indoor agriculture, vertical farming, rooftop production, edible walls, as well as through urban farms, edible landscapes, school gardens and community gardens. Embedded in changing urban food systems, the contribution of urban agriculture to creating sustainable and climate-friendly cities is pivotal as it has the capacity to integrate other resource streams such as water, waste and energy. This article describes some of the current aspects of the circular city debate where urban agriculture is pushing forward the development of material and resource cycling in cities.

scholarly journals Food First: COVID-19 Outbreak and Cities Lockdown a Booster for a Wider Vision on Urban Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Pulighe ◽  
Flavio Lupia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
Food Losses ◽  
Short Food Supply Chains

The COVID-19 emergency has revealed the extreme fragility of large cities to unexpected complex global risks and crises. City lockdown has led to increasing awareness of the vital importance of food availability for citizens. The combined effect of border closure and movement restrictions increased food losses and export costs, especially for vegetables and perishable goods exposing non-self-sufficient countries. We claim the idea that urban agriculture in developed countries should be fostered with emerging growing practices and edible green infrastructures, such as vertical farming, hydroponics, aeroponic, aquaponic, and rooftop greenhouses. Notwithstanding the limitations of traditional urban farming activities, innovative and disruptive solutions and short food supply chains of fresh agricultural products might play a positive role in lessening uncertainties from global systemic risks.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY OF MODELLING: SIMULATION OF URBAN SCENARIOS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 04
Author(s):  
Roberta Plangg Riegel ◽  
Darlan Daniel Alves ◽  
Leonardo Espíndola Birlem ◽  
Bruna Schmidt ◽  
Marco Antônio Siqueira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Dinamica Ego ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Definition Of

ABSTRACTUrbanization has led to a series of problems in medium and large cities, resulting from a lack of planning and technologies to support decision making. This work aims to contribute to the methodology of modeling by cellular automata, aiming the study of the processes that condition the expansion of the urban area. Having as a study case of the municipality of Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil. For this purpose, the urban areas of 1967, 1977, 1987, 1997, 2009 and 2015 were used, totalling a historical analysis of 48 years, besides the thematic maps: Declivities, Hypsometric, Land Use, Water Resources and Road System. The compiled data was inserted in the environment of the platform Dinamica EGO, which is a free software that uses the system of Cellular Automata. The software employs a set of input maps composed of an initial landscape, a final landscape and a compilation of thematic variables that are combined from the definition of weights of evidence to generate the transition probability maps. The results showed similarity indexes of 0.9 for the first three models, 1977, 1987 and 1997, as well as 0.83 for the simulation of 2015. It was also possible to analyze the predominant factors for each expansion process, besides the simulation of areas of prognosis for short and medium term, that is, 5, 10 and 15 years.Keywords: Urban expansion. Simulation of scenarios. Cellular automata.RESUMOA urbanização alavancou uma série de problemas nas cidades de médio e grande porte, resultado da falta de planejamento e de tecnologias para apoiar a tomada de decisões. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para a metodologia de modelagem por autômatos celulares, visando o estudo dos processos que condicionam a expansão da mancha urbana. Tendo como estudo de caso o município de Novo Hamburgo, RS. Para tanto foram utilizadas as manchas urbana de 1967, 1977, 1987, 1997, 2009 e 2015, totalizando uma análise histórica de 48 anos, além dos mapas temáticos: Declividades, Hipsométrico, Uso do Solo, Recursos Hídricos e Sistema Viário. Os dados compilados foram inseridos no ambiente da plataforma Dinamica EGO, que é um software livre que utiliza o sistema de Autômatos Celulares. O software, emprega um conjunto de mapas de entrada, composto por uma paisagem inicial, uma paisagem final e um compilado de variáveis temáticas que são combinadas a partir da definição de pesos de evidência visando gerar os mapas de probabilidade de transição. Os resultados apresentaram índices de similaridade superior 0,9 para as três primeiras modelagem 1977, 1987 e 1997, além de 0,83 para a simulação de 2015. Também foi possível analisar os fatores predominantes para cada processo de expansão, além da simulação de manchas de prognóstico para curto e médio prazo, ou seja 5, 10 e 15 anos. Palavras-chave: Expansão urbana. Simulação de cenários. Autômatos celulares.

scholarly journals Mobility-as-a-Service – global trends and implementation potential in urban areas in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Jana Pieriegud ◽  
Jakub Zawieska
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
City Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Sustainability Strategies

The concept of sustainable development increasingly affects cities and the challenges they face. At the present stage of sustainability awareness it is desired that the discussion about the city development combines the financial aspects and harmonious social relationships with the natural environment. The role of local authorities in implementation processes is undeniable. The objective of the paper is to verify theoretical assumptions regarding sustainable development governance in cities. A special attention is paid to transport and logistics solutions as supported measures but also as barriers of implementation. The detailed questionnaire in the form of the survey was chosen to examine how local governments practice the concept of the green urban economy to strengthen the sustainable development in different cities. Results prove that Scandinavian cities, in comparison to other European and some North American cities, are indisputable leaders in the development and implementation of sustainability strategies. They extensively involve stakeholders and facilitate open dialogue approach, create public-private partnerships and stimulate more sustainable behaviour through variety of financial incentives.

scholarly journals Land use planning for sustainable development of peri-urban zones

Spatium ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Zivanovic-Miljkovic ◽  
Tijana Crncevic ◽  
Igor Maric
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Multifunctional Agriculture ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Resources

Taking into consideration that growth of urban population has impacts on land use and that managing urban population change is one of the most important contemporary challenges, this paper deals with the sustainable development of peri-urban zones which represent important an environment where employment opportunities are developed and resources exploited (particularly agricultural resources) and environment where important recreational and leisure activities could be pursued. Within the review of current concepts and planning practices, the concepts of multifunctional agriculture and multifunctional landscapes in peri-urban zones are pointed out, as well as EU Developing Periurban Projects. The paper particularly focuses on the current situation in Serbia, where there is no specific legal basis for the planning of peri-urban areas, although there are positive examples of strategies, regulations and planning documents which treat agriculture and greenery in peri-urban zones in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals University collaboration for co-designing sustainable urban areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Peter Čajka ◽  
Veronica Grebennikova ◽  
Hoang Manh Trung Vu ◽  
Van Tran Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Our article tackles the timely and important issue of the university collaboration aimed at shaping up the sustainable urban areas and contributing to their development through the teaching and research. Universities provided qualified labour force, yield novel research solutions and act as hubs for entrepreneurial activity in urban areas. In this article, we show that even though most of the universities are concentrated in large urban centres and capital regions, many of them are located in small rural areas and have a profound effect on them. We also demonstrate the impact of universities on the sustainable development which is done through the sustainable education as well as the R&D approaches. These effects are very relevant for the co-designing of sustainable rural areas that can follow the principles of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and the green policies imposed by the majority of the local and central governments around the world.

scholarly journals The Multiple Benefits of Urban Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Oldani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Societal Needs

Urban agriculture has emerged as a solution to food insecurity and other issues faced by underserved communities in urban areas. This study compares four urban food initiatives to highlight differences in implementation and success across different agricultural practices. The study also examines the varying levels of support for these initiatives in the United States and Cuba. The comparison shows that different initiatives within the urban food movement meet a unique intersection of multifaceted societal needs beyond the main goal of hunger alleviation. The main intersecting social needs that urban food initiatives can address are food accessibility, public health, and sustainable development. Moreover, different forms of governmental or non- governmental support for these initiatives influence their success and the scope of their outreach. Broader implications of this study include the importance of utilizing urban food not only as a remedy to hunger and food insecurity problems but also as a way to address public health and sustainable development goals in cities. The main findings imply a necessity for local governments to include urban agriculture initiatives in sustainability and food security plans for cities to encourage sustainable development, health, and increased food access for city residents.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY AS MECHANISM TO PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narimah Samat ◽  
Mohd Amirul Mahamud ◽  
Mohammad Javad Maghsoodi Tilaki ◽  
Mohd Azmeer Abu Bakar ◽  
Leong Tan Mou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Growth Boundary ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Urban encroachment into the peri-urban areas has blurred the borders between urban and rural areas. Thus, the urban growth boundary (UGB) has been used to encourage the sustainable development of cities and improve long-term planning efficiency. Studying the understanding of the UGB concept in ensuring sustainable development in Malaysia would be beneficial. This study aimed to investigate the perception and understanding of the UGB concept and function to achieve sustainable urban development. An online survey was conducted involving 82 experts, which comprised planners from PLANMalaysia and academicians in the field of urban planning. Results indicated that the perception of the UGB score was significantly greater by 1.16 than the normal score of 3, which indicated that the experts agreed that UGB could improve the urban development. The findings also indicated that the existing planning policy and inclusion of UGB had protected agricultural and natural land; however, stricter and tighter borderless development should be conducted.

scholarly journals A paradigm shift in sustainability: from lines to circles

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Piergiuseppe Morone ◽  
Gülşah Yilan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Cradle To Cradle ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
Shed Light

The concept of sustainability is attracting great attention as societies become increasingly aware of the environmental consequences of their actions. One of the most critical challenges that humankind is facing is the scarcity of resources, which are expected to reach their limits in the foreseeable future. Associated with this, there is increasing waste generated as a consequence of rapid growth in the world population (particularly in urban areas) and a parallel rise in global income. To cope with these problems, a linear strategy has been applied to increase efficiency by reducing the use of materials and energy in order to lessen environmental impacts. However, this cradle to grave approach has proven inadequate, due to a lack of attention to several economic and social aspects. A paradigm shift is thus required to re-think and innovate processes (as early as in the design phase) in such a way that materials and energy are used more effectively within a closed-loop system. This strategy, known as the cradle to cradle approach, relies on the assumption that everything is a resource for something else since no waste is ever generated in nature. In line with the cradle to cradle approach, the bio-inspired circular economy concept aims at eco-effectiveness, rather than eco-efficiency. While the circular economy has neither a confirmed definition nor a standardized methodology, it nonetheless carries significant importance, since it “is restorative and regenerative by design and aims to keep products, components, and materials at their highest utility and value at all times, distinguishing between technical and biological cycles,” in accordance with the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Despite some controversial opinions that “circles are not spirals, and for growth to occur, spirals with ever-increasing radii are required,” the circular economy concept is taking a central role in the sustainable development debate and, for this reason, deserves attention. The aim of this paper is to shed light on this debate, pointing out the main features of the emerging circular paradigm along with sustainability transition theories and circularity evaluation tools.

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