scholarly journals Alternative Green Extraction Phases Applied to Microextraction Techniques for Organic Compound Determination

Separations ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Carasek ◽  
Gabrieli Bernardi ◽  
Sângela N. do Carmo ◽  
Camila M.S. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Microextraction Techniques

The use of green extraction phases has gained much attention in different fields of study, including in sample preparation for the determination of organic compounds by chromatography techniques. Green extraction phases are considered as an alternative to conventional phases due to several advantages such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, low cost and ease of preparation. In addition, the use of greener extraction phases reinforces the environmentally-friendly features of microextraction techniques. Thus, this work presents a review about new materials that have been used in extraction phases applied to liquid and sorbent-based microextractions of organic compounds in different matrices.

Recent Trends in the Development of Green Microextraction Techniques for the Determination of Hazardous Organic Compounds in Wine

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 788-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa P. Kalogiouri ◽  
Victoria F. Samanidou
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Microextraction Techniques ◽  
Hazardous Organic Compounds

Background:The sample preparation is the most crucial step in the analytical method development. Taking this into account, it is easily understood why the domain of sample preparation prior to detection is rapidly developing. Following the modern trends towards the automation, miniaturization, simplification and minimization of organic solvents and sample volumes, green microextraction techniques witness rapid growth in the field of food quality and safety. In a globalized market, it is essential to face the consumers need and develop analytical methods that guarantee the quality of food products and beverages. The strive for the accurate determination of organic hazards in a famous and appreciated alcoholic beverage like wine has necessitated the development of microextraction techniques.Objective:The objective of this review is to summarize all the recent microextraction methodologies, including solid phase extraction (SPE), solid phase microextraction (SPME), liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), single-drop microextraction (SDME) and dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) that were developed for the determination of hazardous organic compounds (pesticides, mycotoxins, colorants, biogenic amines, off-flavors) in wine. The analytical performance of the techniques is evaluated and their advantages and limitations are discussed.Conclusion:An extensive investigation of these techniques remains vital through the development of novel strategies and the implication of new materials that could upgrade the selectivity for the extraction of target analytes.

LED Light Sources in Organic Synthesis: An Entry to A Novel Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Das
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Photochemical Reaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Blue Led ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Novel Approach

: In recent years, photocatalytic technology has shown great potential as a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable technology. Compared to other light sources in photochemical reaction, LEDs have advantages in terms of efficiency, power, compatibility, and environmentally-friendly nature. This review highlights the most recent advances in LED-induced photochemical reactions. The effect of white and blue LEDs in reactions such as oxidation, reduction, cycloaddition, isomerization, and sensitization is discussed in detail. No other reviews have been published on the importance of white and blue LED sources in the photocatalysis of organic compounds. Considering all the facts, this review is highly significant and timely.

A green analytical method for the determination of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in wheat flour using total reflection X-ray fluorescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1264-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Machado ◽  
Sebastián Mondutey ◽  
Natalia Pastorino ◽  
Valeria Arce ◽  
Mariela Pistón
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Subsequent Determination ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Method

A simple, fast and environmentally friendly method for sample preparation and subsequent determination of minerals in wheat flour using TXRF.

scholarly journals Evaluation Of QuEChERS Sample Preparation For Determination Of Benzimidazoles Residues In Meat By UPLC-MS/MS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
O.V. Bayer ◽  
O.V. Bondarets ◽  
V.М. Mykhalska ◽  
L.V. Shevchenko ◽  
О.М. Stupak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
Quechers Method ◽  
Modified Quechers ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

A liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC–MS/MS) multi-residue method has been used for the simultaneous quantification and identification of 9 residues and metabolites of benzimidazole derivatives that the most widely used as anthelmintic veterinary drugs of animals. The modified QuEChERS method was used for sample preparation, which was initially developed for pesticide residue analysis. This paper highlights how quick, easy, cheap, effective and rugged the QuEChERS extraction method is. The method was successfully validated according to the 2002/657/EC guidelines. Recovery of analytes was in the range 99 – 110 %. The decission limits (ССα ) were calculated at MRL level for analytes with an established permitted limit as next: 104.5 μg kg-1 (albendazole), 53.2 μg kg-1 (fenbendazole), 54.2 μg kg-1 (flubendazole), 12.1 μg kg-1 (levamisole), 53.9 μg kg-1 (cambendazole), 64.2 μg kg-1 (mebendazole), 52.5 μg kg-1 (parabendazole), 105.8 μg kg-1 (thiabendazole), 234.2 μg kg-1 (triclobendazole). The suitability of the assay has been assessed through InterVal Software by quo data GmbH (Germany). The method achieves high quality of the results, good recovery, repeatabilities, within-lab reproducibilities, and wide analytical scope and has practical benefits, low cost, high sample throughput, little labor used and few lab ware.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of iron (III) catalyst in organic compound chlorinations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Fotis Rigas ◽  
Danae Doulia
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Methyl Ethyl Ketone ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Color Development

In the science or industrial practice of chemical processes, iron (III) is sometimes used as a catalyst in organic compound chlorinations due to its effectiveness and low cost. Thus, a fast and easy method of determination in the system is useful especially when metallic iron is used as a precursor which is readily converted into iron (III) chloride by the gaseous chlorine used in the chlorination reactor. In the latter case, the determination of the produced catalytically effective iron (III) is a prerequisite for controlling the kinetic progress of chlorination. In this work, a method for the spectrophotometric determination of iron (III) chloride in organic media after complexation with methyl ethyl ketone is investigated. The formation of a strong o-complex of iron (III) with methyl ethyl ketone allows direct determination of iron at 360 nm.Beer’s law is valid up to absorbance 2.42, where the iron (III) concentration is 20.7 mg·L-1, with molar absorptivity (e) equal to 6.532×103 L·mol-1·cm-1 and Sandell’s sensitivity 8.5×10-3 ug·cm- 2. Standing time for color development is of the order of a few seconds and stability of color measurements exceeds 12 months. The method may be used among other applications in organic compounds chlorinations catalyzed by iron. These systems are complicated due to the coexistence of various complexes. Nevertheless, the method proposed being simple, fast, and not depending on the composition of the chlorination mixture and the amount of methyl ethyl ketone added was found to be suitable.

Direct Blood-Injection Method for Gas Chromatographic Determination of Alcohols and Other Volatile Compounds

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh C Jain
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Blood Injection

Abstract An extremely simple, rapid method is described for simultaneously determining methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, and low-boiling hydrocarbons associated with glue sniffing. Less than 1 µl of blood, mixed with an internal standard, is injected directly into a low-cost gas chromatograph equipped with a flame-ionization detector. No extraction, distillation, and (or) sample preparation is required, and the method is sensitive to less than 10 µg of alcohol per ml.

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