scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Different Rhodiola rosea Rhizome Extracts by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Alperth ◽  
Ivana Turek ◽  
Sandra Weiss ◽  
Dietmar Vogt ◽  
Franz Bucar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Cinnamyl Alcohol ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
High Ethanol

Rhodiola rosea has been used in folk medicine as ethanolic macerates for a long time. This study aims to provide a quantitative and qualitative analysis and comparison of different ethanolic Rhodiola rosea rhizome macerates (35%, 70%, and 96% v/v) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) extracts prepared with 85% methanol, in order to shed light on the effectivity of different extraction methods. Extract samples were analyzed by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn on a ZORBAX SB-C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of water + 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. Qualitative analysis lead to the tentative identification of 18 compounds: Two cyanogenic glycosides (rhodiocyanoside A, lotaustralin), three phenylethanoids (salidroside, viridoside, 2-phenylethyl-vicianoside), two procyanidin and catechin derivatives (epigallocatechin-epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate), five phenylpropanoids (cinnamyl alcohol, rosarin, rosavin, rosin, cinnamyl-(6’-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)-O-β-glucopyranoside), two monoterpene alcohols (rhodioloside E, rosiridin) and four flavonols (rhodionidin, rhodiosin, rhodionin, kaempferol). Quantity was determined for salidroside, cinnamyl alcohol and its three major glycosides (rosarin, rosavin, rosin), as well as three flavonols (rhodionidin, rhodiosin, rhodionin). Methanolic ASE proved to be the superior extraction method for different substance groups. For macerates, high ethanol content increased yield and lowered hydrolysis of glycosides during extraction, but ethanolic macerates still showed low reproducibility and high fluctuations in quantity of marker compounds salidroside and rosavins, as well as flavonols. Rhodiola rosea rhizomes of wild origins seemed to underly great variability in chemical composition dependent on grow site.

Versatile Health Benefits of Catechin from Green Tea (Camellia sinensis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Babu Natarajan ◽  
Suriyakala Perumal Chandran ◽  
Sahar Husain Khan ◽  
Packiyaraj Natarajan ◽  
Karthiyaraj Rengarajan
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Tea Catechin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Tea (Camellia sinensis, Theaceae) is the second most consumed beverage in the world. Green tea is the least processed and thus contain rich antioxidant level, and believed to have most of the health benefits. </p><p> Methods: We commenced to search bibliographic collection of peer reviewed research articles and review articles to meet the objective of this study. </p><p> Results: From this study, we found that the tea beverage contains catechins are believed to have a wide range of health benefits which includes neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-parasitic effects. The four major catechin compounds of green tea are epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and epicatechin gallate (ECG), of which EGCG is the major constituent and representing 50-80% of the total catechin content. And also contain xanthine derivatives such as caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine, and the glutamide derivative theanine. It also contains many nutritional components, such as vitamin E, vitamin C, fluoride, and potassium. We sum up the various green tea phytoconstituents, extraction methods, and its medicinal applications. </p><p> Conclusion: In this review article, we have summarized the pharmacological importance of green tea catechin which includes antioxidant potential, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic and cosmetic application.

scholarly journals β-Glucosidase Activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum UNQLp 11 in Different Malolactic Fermentations Conditions: Effect of pH and Ethanol Content

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Natalia S. Brizuela ◽  
Marina Arnez-Arancibia ◽  
Liliana Semorile ◽  
María Ángeles Pozo-Bayón ◽  
Bárbara M. Bravo-Ferrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Sorptive Extraction ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Volatile Precursors ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
High Ethanol

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain UNQLp 11 is a lactic acid bacterium with the potential to carry out malolactic fermentation (MLF) in red wines. Recently, the complete genome of UNQLp 11 was sequenced and this strain possesses four loci of the enzyme β-glucosidase. In order to demonstrate that these glucosidase enzymes could be functional under harsh wine conditions, we evaluated the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG) in synthetic wine with different ethanol contents (0%, 12%, and 14% v/v) and at different pH values (3.2, 3.5, and 3.8). Then, the hydrolysis of precursor n-octyl β-D-glucopyranoside was analyzed in sterile Pinot Noir wine (containing 14.5% v/v of ethanol, at different pH values) by headspace sorptive extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HSSE-GC/MS). The hydrolysis of p-NPG showed that β-glucosidase activity is very susceptible to low pH but induced in the presence of high ethanol content. Furthermore, UNQLp 11 was able to release the glycosilated precursor n-octyl, during MLF to a greater extent than a commercial enzyme. In conclusion, UNQLp 11 could improve the aromatic profile of the wine by the release of volatile precursors during MLF.

scholarly journals ETHNOBOTANICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF NEPENTHES SPECIES: A REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaibu Babaji Sanusi ◽  
Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar ◽  
Maryati Mohamed ◽  
Siti Fatimah Sabran ◽  
Muhammad Murtala Mainasara
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses

The genus Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) has been utilized in folk medicine for a long time in India and Southeast Asia countries. They are used in the treatment of leprosy, cholera, night blindness, gastrointestinal discomfort, dysentery, stomachache, and bed-wetting among others. This review highlights the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of both crude extracts and pure bioactive compounds of Nepenthes spp. The phytochemical compounds isolated from Nepenthes species include flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids among other phytochemicals. A wide range of pharmacological activities was exhibited by the crude extracts and pure bioactive components such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiosteoporotic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, and hypolipidemic activities. This review revealed that many active compounds are present in Nepenthes spp. However, many pharmacological screenings such as anticancer, antiviral, wound healing, antihelminthic, antidiarrheal properties, among others have not been carried out yet. Therefore, more biological investigations and phytochemical screenings are required to fully explore the genus Nepenthes which may lead to development of new therapeutic agents.  

scholarly journals Optimalisasi Digitalisasi Arsip pada Kantor Mahkamah Syar’iyah

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Juni Ahyar ◽  
Zamzami Zainuddin ◽  
Indra Maulana ◽  
Rudi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
Digital Archives ◽  
Power Outages ◽  
Digital Archiving ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Creation

This study aims to determine the management of digital archives at the Syar'iyah Court Office of East Aceh Regency, Indonesia, as well as finding obstacles encountered in their implementation. This research is a qualitative analysis where the subjects of this research were officers who managed digital archives at the Syar'iyah Court office. The data collection techniques employed were interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the management of digital archives at the Syar'iyah Court Office has not been implemented optimally due to three conditions, namely: 1) The creation of digital archives is hampered due to frequent power outages in East Aceh and Sarana districts which are less supportive, and lack of resources. employees who understand digital archiving issues; 2) The process of borrowing archives carried out at the Syar'iyah Court Office has not been going well because it has not used archive lending procedures such as requesting archives, searching, retrieval of archives, recording, controlling, and storing again, to prevent loss of records; 3) Archive rediscovery still takes quite a long time, ranging from 20 to 30 minutes. The management of digital archives at the Office of the Syar'iyah Idi Court of East Aceh Regency should be improved by proposing additional archiving facilities, namely the latest model scan tool and additional employees who handle digital archive issues.

Selective Si–O–Si Bond Cleavage as Synthetic Access to Functionalized, Hydrolysis-stable Zinc Silanolates

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1558-s1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Däschlein ◽  
Carsten Strohmann
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Simple Treatment ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The selective cleavage of the strong and poorly reactive Si-O-Si bond in functionalized siloxanes under mild conditions is a decisive task for modern synthetic chemistry. Simple treatment of the aminomethyl-functionalized disiloxanes 1, 6, (R,R)-7 and 8 ([R2(CH2NR')SiO]2, R =Me or Ph, NR'= NC5H10, NC5H8(CH3)2 or NC4H7(CH3)) with zinc(II) bromide and zinc(II) chloride, respectively, results in the formation of highly hydrolysis-stable, molecular zinc silanolates which were long time supposed to be unstable in the presence of water. Both, the selective cleavage of the Si-O-Si bond as well as the formation of the molecular zinc silanolates are independent of the substituents at silicon, the used zinc(II) salt or the aminomethyl side arm. Detailed structural studies showed that zwitterionic interactions are the reason for the high stability towards hydrolysis of the formed zinc silanolates 9, 10, (R,R)-11 and 12. NMR studies are indicative of the same structure of these molecular systems in solution as in the solid state

scholarly journals Дослідження вуглеводів кореневищ і коренів та трави родовика лікарського (Sanguisorbaofficinalis L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. М. Маrchyshyn ◽  
V. V. Kudria ◽  
I. S. Dakhym ◽  
O. V. Zarichanska
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sanguisorba Officinalis ◽  
Pectin Substances

Introduction. Great burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis L.) – is a perennial plant in the rose family (Rosaceae). Herb, collected during flowering period, and rhizomes with roots, collected in autumn when the above-ground part begins to fade, are used with medical purposes. Great burnet has been used in folk medicine for a long time as astringent, anti–inflammatory, pain–relieving and hemostatic agent.It is reasonable to study qualitative and quantitative content of carbohydrates from great burnet rhizomes with  roots and herb since carbohydrates, in addition to the important functional significance and specific pharmacological activity, affect the development of the total pharmacological effect of drugs.The aim of the study – to determine, extract and study the polysaccharides of the underground organs and the herb of great burnet, as well as analysis of their monosaccharide composition.Research Methods. Objects of the analysis were great burnet rhizomes with roots and herb collected on research plots of academic and recreation centre “Chervona Kalyna” of I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, (Druzhba village, Ternopil region). For the identification of polysaccharides water extracts were prepared. Quantitative content of water-soluble polysaccharides and pectin substances was determined using gravimetric method. Determination of the presence and content of monosaccharides and sucrose was conducted by gas chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry.Results and discussion. The results of the studies confirmed the presence of polysaccharides in aqueous extracts from the herb and underground organs of the great burnet. It was set that in the great burnet herb the content of pectin substances was higher (8.75 %); and in rhizomes and roots – the higher content was for water soluble polysaccharides (7.35 %). In the composition of the polysaccharide complexes of rhizomes and roots of great burnet the presence and content of 15 monosaccharides after acid hydrolysis was set and 8 were identified; 7 components out of 16 free sugars were identified – arabinose, mannose, glucose, fructose, inositol and mannitol and disaccharide – sucrose. In the composition of the polysaccharide complexes of the great burnet herb the presence and content of 16 monosaccharides after acid hydrolysis was set and 9 were identified; 5 components out of 12 free sugars were identified – mannose, glucose, fructose, inositol and disaccharide – sucrose. Among the monosaccharides in the analyzed objects glucose formed after acid hydrolysis dominates, the highest content was observed in the herb – 29.96 mg/g. The maximum content of free glucose was in the great burnet rhizomes and roots (18.55 mg/g). Content of sucrose in both investigated objects was almost identical (48.23 mg/g in the rhizomes and roots, and 49.87 mg/gin the herb).Conclusions. An analysis of the results of the research shows high content of water-soluble polysaccharides in S. officinalis rhizomes and roots and pectin substances in S. officinalis herb. The composition of sugars in investigated objects is characterized by the predominance in the quantitative ratio of monosaccharide glucose and disaccharide sucrose. The investigated plant is promising for use in medical practice and requires an extended phytochemical and pharmacological analysis.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenol Content from Leaves of Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robby Gus Mahardika ◽  
Occa Roanisca
Keyword(s):  
Reaction System ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff. is a species of the Myrtaceae family and has been widely used by people of Bangka Belitung as a traditional medicine to reduce cholesterol, gastric pains, and improve cardiac performance. Extraction methods are the crucial efficacy of herbal medicine. The conventional method, like maceration, takes a long time. In this study, the leaves of Tristaniopsis merguensis were extracted using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) to reduce extraction time. The extraction using MARS (Microwave Accelerated Reaction System) 6 by CEM Corporation with time variation times of 5, 10, 15, 30 min with temperature of 60, 80, 100oC at 1200 W. The yield using acetone extraction of Tristaniopsis merguensis leaves increases with time and temperature. The extraction dependent on solvent extraction, polar solvent like ethanol, and methanol were higher than semi-polar solvents like acetone and ethyl acetate. The polyphenol content of acetone extract using MAE (10 min, 80oC) was found to be 234.67 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent per gram (GAE/g); it was higher than acetone extract using maceration. The phytochemical results show there are no difference in the active compound using MAE and maceration, i.e. alkaloids, tannin, and flavonoids. Yield extraction, time, and phytochemical results of MAE are more favorable than a maceration.

scholarly journals Clinical Trials of Rhodiola rosea in Tomsk in the Late Soviet Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 814-825
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Vasilyev ◽  
◽  
Olga I. Zvonareva ◽  
Alexander N. Petrenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
Study Participants

Rhodiola rosea is a Siberian medicinal plant possessing qualities of a central nervous system stimulant that has been traditionally used in the folk medicine of the indigenous peoples in Siberia. Between the 1960s and the 1980s, the plant had been intensively studied in the scientific laboratories of Tomsk. The study of physicochemical properties of the plant and its effects on humans was initially carried out in the Tomsk Medical Institute (TMI) by a large research group headed by A. S. Saratikov and E.A.Krasnov. Following a series of animal studies in the early 1960s, Saratikov started to enlist human volunteers from TMI students and stuff and examine the effects of the plant on concentration and auto-suggestion. These trials were later expanded, and a number of medical institutions in Tomsk incorporated them into their research programs, seemingly hailing Rhodiola rosea as a potential all-curing miracle drug for the overworked and stressed modern self. (Interestingly enough, there has recently been a renewed interest in the plant in the West that has corroborated a number of Soviet findings). At the same time, research into the history of Rhodiola rosea trials also highlights both numerous ethically problematic issues in the treatment of research participants as well as unexpected divergences from the officially prescribed Soviet clinical trials practices. Using examples from a large number of published scientific studies and corroborating them with materials from oral history interviews with researchers and study participants, this paper explores the local idiosyncrasies that shaped Soviet clinical trials on the ground.

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