scholarly journals Detecting the Severity of Socio-Spatial Conflicts Involving Wild Boars in the City Using Social Media Data

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8215
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Dudzińska ◽  
Agnieszka Dawidowicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
The City

The encroachment of wild boars into urban areas is a growing problem. The occurrence of wild boars in cities leads to conflict situations. Socio-spatial conflicts can escalate to a varied degree. Assessments of these conflicts can be performed by analyzing spatial data concerning the affected locations and wild boar behaviors. The collection of spatial data is a laborious and costly process that requires access to urban surveillance systems, in addition to regular analyses of intervention reports. A supporting method for assessing the risk of wild boar encroachment and socio-spatial conflict in cities was proposed in the present study. The developed approach relies on big data, namely, multimedia and descriptive data that are on social media. The proposed method was tested in the city of Olsztyn in Poland. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of data crowdsourced from a popular social networking site for determining the location and severity of conflicts. A photointerpretation method and the kernel density estimation (KDE) tool implemented in ArcGIS Desktop 10.7.1 software were applied in the study. The proposed approach fills a gap in the application of crowdsourcing data to identify types of socio-spatial conflicts involving wild boars in urban areas. Validation of the results with reports of calls to intervention services showed the high coverage of this approach and thus the usefulness of crowdsourcing data.

scholarly journals Citizens’ Spatial Footprint on Twitter—Anomaly, Trend and Bias Investigation in Istanbul

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Giz Gulnerman ◽  
Himmet Karaman ◽  
Direnc Pekaslan ◽  
Serdar Bilgi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The City ◽  
Media Data

Social media (SM) can be an invaluable resource in terms of understanding and managing the effects of catastrophic disasters. In order to use SM platforms for public participatory (PP) mapping of emergency management activities, a bias investigation should be undertaken with regard to the data related to the study area (urban, regional or national, etc.) to determine the spatial data dynamics. Thus, such determinations can be made on how SM can be used and interpreted in terms of PP. In this study, the city of Istanbul was chosen for social media data research area, as it is one of the most crowded cities in the world and expecting a major earthquake. The methodology for the data investigation is: 1. Obtain data and engage sampling, 2. Identify the representation and temporal biases in the data and normalize it in response to representation bias, 3. Identify general anomalies and spatial anomalies, 4. Manipulate the trend of the dataset with the discretization of anomalies and 5. Examine the spatiotemporal bias. Using this bias investigation methodology, citizen footprint dynamics in the city were determined and reference maps (most likely regional anomaly maps, representation maps, time-space bias maps, etc.) were produced. The outcomes of the study can be summarized in four steps. First, highly active users generate the majority of the data and removing this data as a general approach within a pseudo-cleaning process means concealing a large amount of data. Second, data normalization in terms of activity levels, changes the anomaly outcome resulting from diverse representation levels of users. Third, spatiotemporally normalized data present strong spatial anomaly tendency in some parts of the central area. Fourth, trend data is dense in the central area and the spatiotemporal bias assessments show the data density varies in terms of the time of day, day of week and season of the year. The methodology proposed in this study can be used to extract the unbiased daily routines of the social media data of the regions for the normal days and this can be referred for the emergency or unexpected event cases to detect the change or impacts.

scholarly journals Social Activity in Gothenburg’s Intermediate City: Mapping Third Places through Social Media Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-1017
Author(s):  
Marco Adelfio ◽  
Leticia Serrano-Estrada ◽  
Pablo Martí-Ciriquián ◽  
Jaan-Henrik Kain ◽  
Jenny Stenberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Urban Activity ◽  
Activity Areas

Abstract This research focuses on the intermediate city, composed of urban areas located right outside the city center typically maintaining an in-between urban/suburban character. It aims to explore the degree to which this segment of the city exhibits urban activity and social life through the identification of activity areas in the so-called Third Places. Four intermediate city neighborhoods in Gothenburg, Sweden are adopted as case areas and are analyzed using a twofold approach. First, socio-economic statistics provide a quantitative understanding of the case areas and, second, geolocated Social Media Data (SMD) from Foursquare, Google Places and Twitter makes it possible to identify the intermediate city’s urban activity areas and socially preferred urban spaces. The findings suggest that a) the four analyzed intermediate city areas of Gothenburg all have a degree of social activity, especially where economic activities are clustered together; b) Third Places in more affluent areas tend to be linked to commodified consumption of urban space while neighborhoods with lower income levels and higher ethnic diversity seem to emphasize open public space as Third Places; and c) nowadays the typology of Third Places has evolved from the types identified in previous decades to include additional types of places, such as those you pass on the way to something else (e.g. gas and bus stations). The study has verified the value of SMD for studies of urban social life but also identified a number of topics for further research. Additional sources of SMD should be identified to secure a just representation of Third Places across diverse social groups. Furthermore, new methods for effective cross validation of SMD with other types of data are crucial, including e.g. statistics, on-site observations and surveys/interviews, not least to identify Third Places that are not frequently present (or are misrepresented) in SMD.

We Know Where You Are

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xining Yang ◽  
Xinyue Ye ◽  
Daniel Z. Sui
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Food Services ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Geographic Context ◽  
Retail Shopping ◽  
The City ◽  
Media Data

The convergence of social media and GIS provides an opportunity to reconcile space-based GIS and place-based social media. For this purpose, the authors conduct an empirical study in Columbus, Ohio, aiming to enrich both the spatial and platial context of geo-tagged data, using location-based social media Foursquare checkins as an example. An exploratory analytical approached is used to enrich the geographic context of social media data in both space and place. Specifically, exploratory spatial data analysis and point of interest matching are applied to analyze about 50,000 checkins crawled from social media feeds. It is found that checkins tend to be spatially clustered near the center of the city. Popular places related to food, services, and retail shopping venues are more likely to be reported by social media users. The authors also conducted platial analysis of the top 25 popular place venues in the study area.

Caractéristiques environnementales favorisant la participation sociale: une enquête auprès d’aînés québécois

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Naud ◽  
Mélanie Hamel ◽  
Mélyna Caron ◽  
Virginie Cardin ◽  
Marie-Hélène D. Roux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The City ◽  
Participation Sociale

ABSTRACTWe document and compare the environmental characteristics potentially associated with social participation of older Quebecers, according to the level of rurality. A survey was carried out among older Quebecers aged 65 and over recruited by different senior groups and through social media. The Questionnaire their potential for social participation, developed from a systematic literature review, was completed by respondents. According to the 515 older participants, 71.5 years old on average, environmental characteristics linked to social participation, as well as user-friendliness of the city and neighborhood, are more favorably perceived in metropolitan and urban areas than rural areas. However, access to public transportation and the welcoming and openness of local residents are more appreciated by rural respondents. These results support the presence of inequalities in social participation according to level of rurality and offer some leads for action.

scholarly journals Pembangunan Geodatabase Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kota Bandung

2018 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feri Naldi ◽  
Indrianawati
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The City

ABSTRAKKota Bandung merupakan salah satu kota di Indonesia dengan tingkat pembangunan dan pertumbuhan penduduk yang cukup pesat, akibatnya di Kota Bandung terjadi penurunan daya dukung lingkungan hidup. Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan informasi dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekologi Kota Bandung adalah dengan inventarisasi keberadaan dan ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) melalui pembangunan geodatabase RTH. Penyediaan RTH pada suatu kawasan perkotaan telah diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 05/PRT/M/2008, dimana proporsi RTH yang harus disediakan pada wilayah perkotaan adalah minimal sebesar 30% dari total luas wilayah kota. Pembangunan geodatabase RTH dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan data spasial RTH dengan informasi tipologi RTH dan data foto/video RTH. Dari hasil pembangunan geodatabase dapat diketahui bahwa Kota Bandung mempunyai 22,59% RTH publik (3.802,5 Ha) dan 3,45% RTH privat (581,51 Ha) yang tersebar di seluruh Kota Bandung.Kata kunci: SIG, Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH), GeodatabaseABSTRACTBandung is one of the cities in Indonesia with the level of development and population growth quite rapidly. Consequently, the carrying capacity of the environment in Bandung is decrease. One of the activities that can be used to provide information in maintaining the ecological balance of Bandung is the inventory of the existence and availability of green open space through the geodatabase development of green open space. Provision of green space in an urban area has been regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works No. 05/PRT/M/2008, where the proportion of green open space should be provided in urban areas is a minimum of 30% of the total area of the city. Geodatabase development of green open space is done by integrating spatial data of green open spaces with information of green open space typology and data of photos/videos of green open space. Results from the geodatabase development showed that Bandung has 22.59% public green open space (3802.5 ha) and 3.45% private green open space (581.51 ha) which spread throughout the city of Bandung.Keywords: GIS, Green Open Space, Geodatabase

Assessing methods to live-capture wild boars (Sus scrofa) in urban and peri-urban environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (10) ◽  
pp. e85-e85
Author(s):  
Irene Torres-Blas ◽  
Gregorio Mentaberre ◽  
Raquel Castillo-Contreras ◽  
Xavier Fernández-Aguilar ◽  
Carles Conejero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Muscular Damage

BackgroundWild boar (Sus scrofa) populations are increasing worldwide and invading urban areas. Live-capture can improve the management of this challenge, maximising efficiency, allowing scientific studies and potentially improving animal welfare. This study assesses teleanaesthesia, drop-net, corral trap and cage trap to live-capture wild boar in urban and peri-urban areas, evaluating efficiency and animal stress through haematology and serum biochemistry.MethodsFrom 2012 to 2018, 655 wild boars were captured in 279 operations (drop-net=17, teleanaesthesia=186, cage trap=66 and corral trap=10) in the urban and peri-urban areas of Barcelona (Spain). Haematological and serum biochemical variables were determined in 145 wild boars (42 drop-netted, 41 teleanaesthetised, 38 cage-trapped and 24 corral-trapped).ResultsPerformance (wild boars captured per operation) was highest for drop-net, followed by corral and cage traps, and finally teleanaesthesia. The three physical capture methods were more stressful than teleanaesthesia, causing a more intense physiological reaction, muscular damage, renal function impairment and homeostasis adaption. Stress response was predominantly adrenergic for drop-net and cortisol-induced for cage and corral traps.ConclusionTeleanaesthesia is the choice in reactive urban situations thanks to its adaptability; drop-net effectively targets wild boars in peri-urban environments; cage and corral traps are useful as long-term methods in specific areas.

scholarly journals Youth activism through Social media in Assam: An Exploratory Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 08-17
Author(s):  
MANOJ DEORI ◽  
SUNIL K. BEHERA
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
New Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Use Of Social Media

The paper is an attempt to study the online participation behavior of youth in Assam in organizing social and political protests through Social media. During several protest demonstrations and rallies which took place in the middle of the year, 2012; there has been a series of cyber activism that took place prior to the street demonstrations and rallies. The paper attempts to justify the fact that, the street demonstrations and rallies which took place during that particular period, gained its momentum largely through Social Media. Therefore the period can be regarded as the beginning of cyber activism in Assam, since such online activities in publicizing and organizing any collective action in the physical world with regards to activism was not seen in the past. Based on the data collected through onsite surveys, such online communities have considerably given rise to new forms of collective action such as on/offline social and political protest in Assam through social media by publicizing and organizing people where the predominance of the youths is distinctly visible. It is seen that, there has been an increasing number of cyber activism among the online ‘Assamese’ youth communities which has apparently given raise to cyber-civil societies in urban areas. The predominance of youth in such protests is visible, since the use of social media has become a popular culture among the youth.  About 17% of the Indian populations are between 15 and 24 and they are experiencing the changes brought by the New Media technology. In examining the practices on social media, authors focus primarily on “Facebook”, which is the most popular social networking site in social media. Series of protest took place in the months of July, August and September, 2012 against unethical media practices; particularly the television media in Assam. Eventually protests against the insecurity of the women in Guwahati, the capital city of Assam and protest against illegal Bangladeshi immigrants in Assam were also demonstrated on the streets of Assam which gathered huge civic support. Few youth groups from Assam were also established who organized themselves through social networking sites to raise street demonstrations, along with certain other political parties, NGOs and offline civil society groups. The paper mainly studies the participation of youth in such protests and reflects on the case studies which can be regarded as the beginning of youth cyber activism that apparently gained momentum through social media in Assam.

Analyzing social media photo posts distribution as a potential indicator for UGBI user preferences: the case of Coimbra, Portugal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Pinto ◽  
Carla Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Pereira ◽  
António Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The City ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
City Park

<p>The Ecosystem Services provided by Urban Green and Blue Infrastructures (UGBI) are considered fundamental to improve the resilience of urban areas against the growing challenges of global warming. Indicators regarding the relevance and efficiency of UGBI are abundant, but they have been mainly focused on environmental related aspects, while the socio-cultural aspects of UGBI are still under represented. Considering the socio-cultural and recreational aspects, studies show that UGBI can significantly contribute for quality of life, sense of place, social interactions, physical wellbeing, learning, and other intangibles. A major and growing portion of recreation is indeed “nature-based", involving interactions with the natural environment. <br>For these types of activities, different characteristics of the environment influence people’s decisions about where, when, and how to recreate. But fine-scale data collection regarding these aspects are usually site specific, and time and labour intensive. Wood et al. (2013) showed that the number of users who visit a location annually is related to the number of photographs taken in the same area and uploaded to the flickr database. <br>Using the InVEST recreation model, this work aims to (1) test social media photo posts on Flickr as an indicator for the use of UGBI, and to (2) analyze its potential correlation with a set of cultural and recreational equipment in and around UGBI units. <br>Two different periods are analyzed, with the intention to identify and evaluate the differences introduced with the implementation of a major city park near the river Mondego. <br>The results show that the presence of the river and the proximity to the city center - with its old town - are major factors in the recreational use of the UGBI. They also show that the implementation of new UGBI units - under the form of a city park - can change the usage pattern of an area.</p>

scholarly journals CuRbanIsME: A Photographic Self-Analysis to Evaluate the Likelihood of the Occurrence of Predatory Crimes in Downtown Hamburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7859
Author(s):  
Romina Fucà ◽  
Serena Cubico
Keyword(s):  
Random Walks ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Niklas Luhmann ◽  
Occurrence Probability ◽  
City Center ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Random Walker ◽  
The City

In this study, a triangulation of (a) spatial data, (b) self-awareness, and (c) behavioral self-analysis seeks to provide an explanation from an innovative perspective for the likelihood of the occurrence of predatory crimes in the city center. This study does not examine the circumstances in which criminal acts occur. Instead, it focuses on a broader concept that combines both the configurational factors and the behavioral interconnections in which criminal acts occur. We orient the occurrence probability of crime towards appropriate objectives in the presence or absence of attractors/detractors, with interesting variation in the behavior of the acting subject—in our case, a random walker (also called the Random Movement–displacement Agent, or RDMA, in the text), which is the key variable that triggers the occurrence probability of predatory crimes. The relationship between spatial and/or behavioral observations and the probability of the crimes that may result from such observations is limited in this text to “predatory crimes,” which are the most common and light forms of crimes that endanger both human quality of life and the related safety in the city. Such crimes include theft, damage (specifically crime against public property and all similar offensive acts, such as littering and incivility), physical attacks (restrained to attempted violence against defenseless people), robberies, and car thefts (i.e., the most frequent crimes in urban areas). The theory of complexity, specifically as illustrated by the in-depth work of the 20th century German sociologist Niklas Luhmann, also suggests the importance of self-analysis in specific contexts to construct a mosaic of social phenomena. We conducted both a behavioral self-survey and a metric-based self-analysis by measuring random walks (RWs) to achieve some common behaviors—for example, buying food, shopping, or just looking at shop windows—on the streets of downtown Hamburg, Germany. RWs are used in our article to indicate random walks in the city center and any activities that may arise from them, such as protecting oneself from potentially hostile contexts, seeking information, or conforming oneself to official signals and customs. The hundreds of images taken by us in October 2019 during their RWs in Hamburg form a reservoir of our pictures, with the aim of showing the acceptable patterns of random movements–displacements that emerge. This method was primarily discursive but based on the ongoing search for a transformative conduit of behaviors that were intuitively established and observable for us but actually involved a complex process of imaginative ideation that was impossible to promote and pass on to the reader.

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