scholarly journals Closing Connectivity Gap: An Overview of Mobile Coverage Solutions for Not-Spots in Rural Zones

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8037
Author(s):  
Diego Fernando Cabrera-Castellanos ◽  
Alejandro Aragón-Zavala ◽  
Gerardo Castañón-Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Broadband Communications ◽  
World Hypothesis ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
Different Parts

Access to broadband communications in different parts of the world has become a priority for some governments and regulatory authorities around the world in recent years. Building new digital roads and pursuing a connected society includes looking for easier access to the internet. In general, not all areas where people congregate are fully covered, especially in rural zones, thus restricting access to data communications and inducing inequality. In the present review article, we have comprehensively surveyed the use of three platforms to deliver broadband services to such remote and low-income areas, and they are proposed as follows: unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), altitude platforms (AP), and low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. These novel strategies support the connected and accessible world hypothesis. Hence, UAVs are considered a noteworthy solution since their efficient maneuverability can solve rural coverage issues or not-spots.

scholarly journals Closing Connectivity Gap: An Overview of Mobile Coverage Solutions for Not-Spots in Rural Zones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Fernando Cabrera-Castellanos ◽  
Alejandro Aragón-Zavala ◽  
Gerardo Castañón-Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Broadband Communications ◽  
World Hypothesis ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
Different Parts

Access to broadband communications in different parts of the world has become a priority for some governments and regulatory authorities around the world in recent years. Building new digital roads and pursuing a connected society includes looking for easier access to the Internet. In general, not all the areas where people congregate are fully covered, especially in rural zones, thus restricting access to data communications and bringing inequality. In the present review article, we have comprehensively surveyed the use of three platforms to deliver broadband services to such remote and low-income areas are proposed: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Altitude Platforms (APS), and Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. These novel strategies support the connected and accessible world hypothesis. Hence UAVs are considered a noteworthy solution since their efficient maneuverability can aboard the rural coverage issues or not-spots.

Access to Internet and Internet Shutdown: A Rights Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internet Freedom ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Union Territory ◽  
Different Parts

Access to the internet is fast becoming a basic right given the plethora of information available on the net these days. In the current scenario, the issue of internet shutdown has become an important concern in India. Internet shutdown affects people socially, psychologically and economically. On one hand, many democratic countries of the world are discussing about digital freedom and human rights, while on the other hand, some countries including India are continuously practicing Internet shutdowns in different parts of their countries. India has become the top country of the world in terms of the numbers of Internet shutdowns. The Internet has become such a prominent source of information for all of us that when Internet connectivity is suspended, many people are affected as they depend on the Internet services for various purposes. Internet shutdown is not only harmful to democracy and governance but also to the economy of the country. Internet shutdowns are direct violations of digital freedom and human rights. The main objective of this paper is to argue that access to internet is a basic right and highlight the problem of Internet shutdown in India and its adverse impact on the lives of Indians. In addition, this paper attempts to highlight a brief history of Internet shutdowns in India. The paper shows how frequent clampdowns on internet affects the economy, as has been the case of Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir thereby highlighting the case for internet freedom for the survival of the economy especially in Digital India.

Helping Close the Digital Divide for Financially Disadvantaged Seniors

2006 ◽  
pp. 165-190
Author(s):  
Al P. Mizell
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Nova Southeastern University ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
The Individual

The Internet has become an essential element of all society today. Those who can access the World Wide Web have become active participants in the Information Age. Unfortunately, many individuals throughout the world do not have ready access to the needed technology. Furthermore, they do not have the required knowledge and skills to use the technology and cannot participate actively. As a result, this has created a world of information haves and have-nots. In this chapter, after examining the concept of the digital divide, data is presented that shows that those with low incomes and those who are older have little access to technology and the use of computers. Low-income seniors are especially limited in their opportunities to own a computer, and they seldom have the skills needed to use one for e-mail, search the Internet, and so forth, even if they visit a public library where they could use a computer without any cost. Various approaches being used to help seniors learn how to use computers are described, andthen the chapter focuses on two projects that have proved to be successful in this effort. SeniorNet is a national organization that helps establish learning centers around the country. The approach used at one such center, located at Nova Southeastern University in South Florida, requires seniors to pay for their courses. A second project is known as SeniorComp and is supported by private foundation funds. Ten low-income senior citizens are selected for each group of seniors in this project. They are given a complete Dell computer system, and their tuition is paid to take four of the SeniorNet courses. At the end of the fourth course, ownership of the computer system is turned over to the individual participant. To date, the completion rate has been 100%. The approaches used can serve as models for others to modify and use in their own communities. By adopting a similar approach, the impact of the digital divide can be significantly reduced for those low-income seniors that participate in the project. In this way, this portion of the marginal community can be empowered.

scholarly journals Cloud Imaging from Meteorological Satellites and its Application to Robotic Observing

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-310
Author(s):  
Andre Phillips ◽  
Michael C. B. Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Radio Receiver ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Observational Astronomy ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Standard Tool ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Earth Orbit Satellites ◽  
Local Cloud ◽  
Fast Access

AbstractSatellite cloud imagery is a standard tool of meteorology, and also of ground-based observational astronomy. Fast access to cloud imagery through the Internet now permits more accurate prediction of local cloud cover than was formerly the case. This is particularly useful for automatic and remotely operated telescopes, where an observer may be at a considerable distance from the telescope itself. Since satellite imagery can now be accessed through the Internet with such ease, direct reception of radio transmissions from weather satellites may seem unnecessary. However, advances in computing power and radio receiver technology permit simple automated receipt of satellite transmissions, particularly from the NOAA series of low Earth orbit satellites. This has the advantage of more up-to-date, and higher resolution, cloud imagery than can be obtained from the Internet. We have operated such a satellite receiving station since 2003 April, and have found it particularly useful when remotely operating our telescopes at Siding Spring Observatory (SSO). By automatically publishing our cloud imagery onto the World Wide Web we have established a resource that is widely used by other local observatories and by the general public.

Policing advance fee fraud (AFF)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianne Webster ◽  
Jacqueline M Drew
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Intervention Model ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Advance Fee Fraud ◽  
The World ◽  
Investment Fraud ◽  
Different Parts

Advance fee fraud (AFF) involves an offender using deceit to obtain a financial gain from the victim. The victim believes that by forwarding a sum of money, there will be a future ‘pay-off’. The most commonly witnessed forms of AFF perpetrated via the Internet include classic ‘Nigerian’ or ‘419’ scams, investment fraud and romance fraud. Because of the largely transnational nature of AFF offending, where the victim and offender typically reside in different parts of the world, police are adapting their traditional and reactive approaches to more innovative strategies to combat this crime more effectively. This article utilises a qualitative, semi-structured interview design to explore the experiences of police detectives involved in the implementation of an early intervention model with victims of AFF. The study highlights the challenges involved in developing effective police strategies to proactively reduce the duration and severity of this type of financial victimisation.

scholarly journals The Drug Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax in Iran: A Review Article

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliehsan Heidari ◽  
Hossein Keshavarz
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
First Line ◽  
Dihydropteroate Synthase ◽  
The World ◽  
Emergence Of Resistance ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
First Line Treatment

Background: One of the main obstacles to malaria control in the world has been the emergence of resistance in Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and other antimalarial drugs. This study aimed to review studies in Iran on resistance in P. falciparum and P. vivax to drugs, and to reveal the mechanisms and molecular markers of resistance of these two species. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, and reputable Iranian journals were searched to find published studies on the resistance in P. falciparum and P. vivax to antimalarial drugs in Iran. Results: There is a significant relationship between resistance to chloroquine in P. falciparum and the emergence of K76T mutation in the P. falciparum chloroquineresistance transporter gene in Iran. Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in P. falciparum is also significantly associated with the development of mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase genes. Resistance to chloroquine in P. vivax has not been reported in Iran and it is used as a first-line treatment for P. vivax malaria. Conclusion: P. falciparum has become resistant to chloroquine in different regions of Iran and is not currently used to treat malaria. Besides, cases have emerged of P. falciparum resistance to SP in different parts of southern Iran, and SP is not administered alone for treating P. falciparum.

E-Behaviour Trends and Patterns among Malaysian Pre-Adolescents and Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Selvi Salome Gnasigamoney ◽  
Manjit Singh Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
New Millennium

The threat of cyber-related crimes due to excessive usage of Internet and current e-behaviour amongst the younger children is not new in this new millennium but stays as an issue for consideration. This paper provide a general pattern of online related behaviours that seem to be taking place among Malaysian pre-adolescents and adolescents and its possible impact on their behaviours leading towards cyber-related crimes. Facts and finding from various researches conducted from different parts of the world, including Malaysia were reviewed. The results from various studies reveal that a great concern and strategies have to be put into place as the age group using the Internet has reduced and the routine activity of pre-adolescence and adolescence are changing and are based on Internet. Non-awareness of their current online behaviours and its possible link to cyber-related crimes may lead these young children to a greater threat when using e-Commerce or any other Internet dependent activities in the future. This paper focuses on the facts collected from various studies to justify the importance of having future research on this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Inspiration amidst crisis: E-learning in a medical school of Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merina Pandey ◽  
Bibek Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Medical Educators

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues to shut down colleges and universities including medical schools all over the world, thus pushing medical schools to seek e-learning to maintain continuity of curriculum. Although developed countries are comfortable learning through the internet, low-income countries like Nepal with limited experience in e-learning have used this lockdown as an opportunity to develop online classes. This crisis has clearly revealed the importance of e-learning in for medical educators in Nepal to disseminate knowledge beyond the restrictions of geography and other barriers.

Helping Close the Digital Divide for Financially Disadvantaged Seniors

2008 ◽  
pp. 2396-2402
Author(s):  
Al P. Mizell
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Nova Southeastern University ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
The Individual

The Internet has become an essential element of all society today. Those who can access the World Wide Web have become active participants in the Information Age. Unfortunately, many individuals throughout the world do not have ready access to the needed technology. Furthermore, they do not have the required knowledge and skills to use the technology and cannot participate actively. As a result, this has created a world of information haves and have-nots. In this chapter, after examining the concept of the digital divide, data is presented that shows that those with low incomes and those who are older have little access to technology and the use of computers. Low-income seniors are especially limited in their opportunities to own a computer, and they seldom have the skills needed to use one for e-mail, search the Internet, and so forth, even if they visit a public library where they could use a computer without any cost. Various approaches being used to help seniors learn how to use computers are described, andthen the chapter focuses on two projects that have proved to be successful in this effort. SeniorNet is a national organization that helps establish learning centers around the country. The approach used at one such center, located at Nova Southeastern University in South Florida, requires seniors to pay for their courses. A second project is known as SeniorComp and is supported by private foundation funds. Ten low-income senior citizens are selected for each group of seniors in this project. They are given a complete Dell computer system, and their tuition is paid to take four of the SeniorNet courses. At the end of the fourth course, ownership of the computer system is turned over to the individual participant. To date, the completion rate has been 100%. The approaches used can serve as models for others to modify and use in their own communities. By adopting a similar approach, the impact of the digital divide can be significantly reduced for those low-income seniors that participate in the project. In this way, this portion of the marginal community can be empowered.

The Search for a New Identity

2001 ◽  
pp. 219-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Koufaris
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Group I ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

At its core, the Internet is a communication medium. As such, it can enable social interactions between people in different parts of the world and at different times. The last technological innovation that changed the way we communicate so drastically was the telephone. Its social impact has been dramatic and the Internet is already influencing our lives just as significantly. In this chapter I describe the use of a small part of the Internet by a specific social group. I will discuss the issues surrounding the use of an Internet-based newsgroup dedicated to organ transplantation. My observations will primarily deal with organ transplant recipients and their use of this newsgroup to define a new identity for themselves after the disorienting lifesaving procedure of a foreign organ grafted onto their bodies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document