scholarly journals Development and Piezoelectric Properties of a Stack Units-Based Piezoelectric Device for Roadway Application

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7708
Author(s):  
Chenchen Li ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Pengfei Liu ◽  
Chaoliang Fu ◽  
Quan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Device

To improve the energy harvesting efficiency of the piezoelectric device, a stack units-based structure was developed and verified. Factors such as stress distribution, load resistance, loads, and loading times influencing the piezoelectric properties were investigated using theoretical analysis and experimental tests. The results show that the unit number has a negative relationship with the generated energy and the stress distribution has no influence on the power generation of the piezoelectric unit array. However, with a small stress difference, units in a parallel connection can obtain high energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, loaded with the matched impedance of 275.0 kΩ at 10.0 kN and 10.0 Hz, the proposed device reached a maximum output power of 84.3 mW, which is enough to supply the low-power sensors. Moreover, the indoor load test illustrates that the electrical performance of the piezoelectric device was positively correlated with the simulated loads when loaded with matched resistance. Furthermore, the electrical property remained stable after the fatigue test of 100,000 cyclic loads. Subsequently, the field study confirmed that the developed piezoelectric device had novel piezoelectric properties with an open-circuit voltage of 190 V under an actual tire load, and the traffic parameters can be extracted from the voltage waveform.

Design and Simulation of a Novel Thermoelectric Micro-Device with Electrodeposited Bi-Te Alloys

2018 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 788-794
Author(s):  
S. Guo ◽  
Ning Su ◽  
Fu Li ◽  
Da Wei Liu ◽  
Bo Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Transfer Coefficients

A novel thermoelectric micro-device was designed with n-type and p-type Bi-Te materials alloys via a template electrodeposition process. The glass template including 250 holes in 10×10 mm2with a thickness of 200~ 400 µm. The diameter of the holes is 50~ 80 µm and the distance of adjacent centers of the holes is 200 µm. According to the design, the performance of heat transference and thermoelectric energy generation are simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics. In order to simplify model, there are 16 units in total, and each unit is made up of 16 (4 × 4) pillars. In the simulation, the largest temperature difference is 7.8K on the conditions of 500 W/m2K in convection heat transfer coefficients and the maximum output potential of the module is 21.7 mV. The maximum output power achieved 96.9 µW under 500 W/m2K of heat transfer coefficient and 10 mA of current. Under ideal conditions, the value of open circuit voltage and maximum output power increases to nine times as the model, but short circuit current remains the same. When the heat transfer coefficient is 500 W/m2K and the current density is 10 mA, the maximum output power of the actual product achieved 871.7 µW.

Maximum Output Power Control Using Short-Circuit Current and Open-Circuit Voltage of a Solar Panel

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (10S) ◽  
pp. 10NF08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Kato ◽  
Takuma Miyake ◽  
Daisuke Tashima ◽  
Tatsuya Sakoda ◽  
Masahisa Otsubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Control ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Output

Output Characteristics Study of V-trough PV Concentration System

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 2077-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Qiong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Cell Array ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Super Cell

A V-trough PV system with polysilicon cell array and super cell array has been constructed and tested. Open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, output power, fill factor and influence of temperature on V-trough PV concentration system have been analyzed. The results indicate that the output power of 10 pieces of polysilicon cell array is 6.198W and it is 1.21 times as that of non-concentration condition. Maximum output power of V-trough PV system with water cooling increase to 8.28W and power increment rate reach 62.67% compared with the non-concentration PV system. For the super cell array with no water cooling, the maximum output power of V-trough PV system varies from 7.834W to 14.223W. The results of this work provide some experimental support to the applications of the V-trough PV system.

scholarly journals Two-micron all-fiberized passively mode-locked fiber lasers with high-energy nanosecond pulse

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yijian Huang ◽  
Zongpeng Song ◽  
Jincheng Wei ◽  
Jihong Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Pulse Energy ◽  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Stable Mode

We report on mode-locked thulium-doped fiber lasers with high-energy nanosecond pulses, relying on the transmission in a semiconductor saturable absorber (SESA) and a carbon nanotube (CNTs-PVA) film separately. A section of an SMF–MMF–SMF structure multimode interferometer with a transmission peak wavelength of ∼2003 nm was used as a wavelength selector to fix the laser wavelength. When the SESA acted as a saturable absorber (SA), the mode-locked fiber laser had a maximum output power of ∼461 mW with a pulse energy of ∼0.14 μJ and a pulse duration of ∼9.14 ns. In a CNT-film-based mode-locked fiber laser, stable mode-locked pulses with the maximum output power of ∼46 mW, pulse energy of ∼26.8 nJ and pulse duration of ∼9.3 ns were obtained. To the best of our knowledge, our experiments demonstrated the first 2 μm region ‘real’ SA-based dissipative soliton resonance with the highest mode-locked pulse energy from a ‘real’ SA-based all-fiberized resonator.

Preparation and Thermoelectric Properties of TE Module by a Spark Plasma Sintering Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koya Arai ◽  
Hiroyuki Akimoto ◽  
Tohru Kineri ◽  
Tsutomu Iida ◽  
Keishi Nishio
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Powder Particle Size ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

NaCo2O4and 0.5at%-Sb doped Mg2Si have excellent thermoelectric properties. We tried to fabricate a thermoelectric module composed of these materials and using Ni plates as electrodes. The fine powder of NaCo2O4was prepared by metal-citric acid complex decomposition. 0.5at%-Sb doped Mg2Si bulk was ground to powder and sieved to a powder particle size of 75 micrometers or less. These powders were sintered using spark plasma sintering (SPS) to obtain a body of NaCo2O4and 0.5at%-Sb doped Mg2Si. These thermoelectric materials were connected to the Ni plates by using the SPS method. The whole process took a very short time (less than 2 min) and could be done at low temperature (below 873 K). The open-circuit voltagevalues were 82.7 mV, and the maxima,maximum output currentand maximum output power, for the single module were 212.4 mA and 6.65 mW at ΔT= 470 K.

scholarly journals 500-kHz Level High Energy Double-Pass Nd:YVO4 Picosecond Amplifier with Optic–Optic Efficiency of 51%

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Xuesheng Liu ◽  
Huan He ◽  
Yiheng Song ◽  
Congcong Wang ◽  
Zhiyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Energy ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Output Pulse ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
High Pulse Energy ◽  
Double Pass ◽  
High Pulse

We have demonstrated a high pulse energy and high optic–optic efficiency double-pass picosecond (ps) master oscillator power amplifier system of 1064 nm at a pulse repetition rate of 500 kHz. A 500 kHz, 7.68 μJ picosecond laser is used as the seed laser. Through one stage double-pass traveling-wave amplifier, a maximum output power of 16.19 W at a pump power of 31.7 W is generated with the optic–optic efficiency of 51.07%. The output pulse duration is 17.6 ps, corresponding to the pulse energy of 32.38 μJ. The beam quality factor M 2 were measured to be 1.28 and 1.17 along the x, y axis direction, respectively.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Degradation, Recovery and Control via the Electrical Terminals

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Lindahl ◽  
Xuelei Hu ◽  
Joshua Wold ◽  
Matthew Cornachione ◽  
Steven R. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Large Signal ◽  
Eis Measurements ◽  
Current Loading ◽  
And Control

This paper presents results from an investigation concerning load-induced degradation, recovery, and control of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, commercially available SOFCs were subject to extended over-current conditions, followed by periods of open-circuit operation. During times of current loading, degradation was observed in the cells’ electrical performance through polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. These measurements showed an increase in the polarization curve’s ohmic region slope, i.e. large-signal resistance, as well as an increase in the cell’s small-signal low-frequency impedance. The degradation was temporary however, as the electrical performance recovered during times of open-circuit operation. These results, attributed to electrochemically-induced oxidation and reduction of nickel in the anode, suggest the degradation phenomenon is controllable via the electrical terminals. As such, an additional test was performed on an SOFC powering a pulse-width modulated load, with the load’s duty-cycle negatively proportional to the cell’s large-signal resistance. Polarization and EIS measurements taken during this test showed that despite the controlled load, degradation occurred throughout the test. However, post-test scanning electron microscope images revealed cracks in the cell’s cathode along the boundary between the active and bulk layers. This type of cracking was not observed in the original degradation and recovery tests, suggesting that the degradation observed in the controlled load test was irreversible and caused by a separate phenomenon.

Performance Study of GaAs Photovoltaic Power Converter in Optically Powered Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 1894-1897
Author(s):  
Xin Wei Yuan ◽  
Jie Qin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Photovoltaic Power

Optically powered system is a revolutionary new power delivery system, in which optical power is delivered over fiber to photovoltaic power converter, where optical power is transformed into electrical power. Therefore the system is inherently immune to RF, EMI, high voltage and lighting effects. Capable of powering electronic circuitry by optical fiber, this technology has been validated in industries such as electric power, communications, remote sensing and aerospace. To a large extent, photovoltaic power converter is a key component that decides the performance of optically powered system. In this paper, the commonly used GaAs photovoltaic power converter is studied and tested. Parameter values like open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum output power, conversion efficiency and the optimum load resistance are obtained through experiment, which can be severed as important reference while choosing or designing DC-DC converter.

Study on the Illumination Characteristics of Solar Photovoltaic Battery

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Zhen Yong Liu ◽  
Jian Qi Sun ◽  
Zhi Chun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Single Crystal Silicon ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Crystal Silicon

Effects of solar panels must be taken into account by the light intensity of its output characteristics in practical application, especially solar panels placed outdoor. So the light intensity coefficient is an important parameter to be considered. In this paper,we took the light intensity characteristics of single crystal silicon solar cell as the research object. Also,through transforming the illumination intensity which are 777.60W/m2,996.97 W/m2 and 1224.88 W/m2, we would finish researching the characteristics of the cell sheet, which included battery plate volt ampere characteristic, open circuit voltage, short circuit current and maximum output power. Also, we’ve got the relationship of Uoc-T, Isc-T and Pm-T, respectively and Put forward the better intensity theory. It would lay a solid foundation of practice for the further study on how to improve the rate of light conversion.

scholarly journals A Micro-Power Generator Based on Two Piezoelectric MFC Films

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Yongxin Ma ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Chong Li ◽  
Xiaorui Fu
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Piezoelectric Generator ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Micro Power Generator

In order to realize the collection of micro or small vibration energy, a micro-power generator based on two piezoelectric Macro Fiber Composite (MFC) films is proposed. The piezoelectric generator consists of a double piezoelectric MFCs type vibrator and a displacement amplifying mechanism, which can achieve the output of high energy density. The design process of this kind of piezoelectric generator is presented. Based on LabVIEW platform and NI Data Acquisition (DAQ) card, the output voltage acquisition system of the generator is built, and the output voltage and power are collected and calculated. Experimental results show that the maximum output power is 6.2 mW under transient excitation. Under continuous excitation with a load resistance of 10 kΩ and an excitation frequency of 26 Hz, the maximum output of the generator is up to 11.9 mW. The research results lay a foundation for the application of the proposed micro-power piezoelectric generator.

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